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Effect of allelochemicals sustained-release microspheres on the ingestion, incorporation, and digestion abilities of Daphnia magna Straus

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第2期124卷 205-214页

作者： Benhang Li Yijun Yin Xiaohong Zhou Li Feng yongze liu Ziwen Du Yajun Tian Liqiu Zhang Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and EcoremediationBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China College of Environment Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China

Allelochemicals sustained-release microspheres(ACs-SMs)exhibited great inhibition effect on algae,however,few studies have focused on ACs-SMs toxicity on invertebrate.In this study,the effects of single high-concentration ACs(15 mg/L,SH-ACs),repeated lowconcentration ACs(3×5 mg/L,RL-ACs)and ACs-SMs containing 15 mg/L ACs exposure on the ingestion,incorporation,and digestion of Daphniamagna Straus(DS)were investigated by stable isotope 15N labeling method.Meanwhile,the diversity and abundance of microflora in DS guts were determined by 16S rRNA genes and cloning methods.The results showed that SH-ACs exposure caused 50%and 33.3%death rates for newborn and adult DS,while RL-ACs exposure caused 10%death rate for newborn DS and no obvious effect on the activity of adult DS.And ACs-SMs exposure did not diminish the motility of both newborn and adult DS,indicating the lower acute toxicity of ACs-SMs.Furthermore,SH-ACs inhibited the ingestion(-6.45%),incorporation(-47.1%)and digestion(-53.8%)abilities of DS and reduced the microbial abundance(-27.7%)in DS guts.Compared with SH-ACs,RL-ACs showed relatively low impact on the ingestion(-3.23%),incorporation(-5.89%)and digestion(-23.9%)abilities of DS.Interestingly,ACs-SMs enhanced the ingestion(+9.68%),incorporation(+52.9%)and digestion(+51.3%)abilities of DS and increased the microbial abundance(+10.7%)in DS guts.Overall ACs and ACs-SMs reduced the diversity of microflora in DS guts.In conclusion,ACs-SMs can release ACs sustainably and prolong the sustained release time,which not only effectively reduce the toxicity of ACs,but also had positive effects on DS.

关键词： Allelochemicals(ACs) Sustained-release microspheres (SMs) Daphnia magna Straus(DS)

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Occurrence and migration of microplastics and plasticizers in different wastewater and sludge treatment units in municipal wastewater treatment plant

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022年第11期16卷 203-212页

作者： Sen Dong Peng Gao Benhang Li Li Feng yongze liu Ziwen Du Liqiu Zhang Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediationBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

Microplastics(MPs)and plasticizers,such as phthalate esters(PAEs),were frequently detected in municipal wastewater treatment plants(MWTP).Previous research mainly studied the removal of MPs and PAEs in wastewater.However,the occurrence of MPs and PAEs in the sludge was generally ignored.To comprehensively investigate the occurrence and the migration behaviors of MPs and PAEs in MWTP,a series of representative parameters including the number,size,color,shape of MPs,and the concentrations of PAEs in wastewater and sludge were systematically investigated.In this study,the concentrations of MPs in the influent and effluent were 15.46±0.37 and 0.30±0.14 particles/L.The MP removal efficiency of 98.1%was achieved and about 73.8%of MPs were accumulated in the sludge in the MWTP.The numbers of MPs in the sludge before and after digestion were 4.40±0.14 and 0.31±0.01 particles/g(dry sludge),respectively.Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(ATR FT-IR)analysis showed that the main types of MPs were polyethylene terephthalate(PET),polypropylene(PP),polyethylene(PE),and polystyrene(PS).Six PAEs,including phthalate(DMP),diethyl phthalate(DEP),diisobutyl phthalate(DIBP),ortho dibutyl phthalate(DBP),butyl benzyl phthalate(BBP),and bis(2-ethyl)hexyl phthalate(DEHP),were detected in the MWTP.The concentrations of total PAEs(ΣPAEs)in the influent and effluent were 76.66 and 6.28μg/L,respectively.The concentrations ofΣPAEs in the sludge before and after digestion were 152.64 and 31.70μg/g,respectively.In the process of thermal hydrolysis,the number and size of MPs decreased accompanied by the increase of the plasticizer concentration.

关键词： Microplastics Municipal wastewater treatment plant Phthalate esters Thermal hydrolysis

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Characteristics of typical dissolved black carbons and their influence on the formation of disinfection by-products in chlor(am)ination

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022年第12期16卷 1-14页

作者： Jinhui Liang Peng Gao Benhang Li Longfei Kang Li Feng Qi Han yongze liu Liqiu Zhang Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediationBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China

Dissolved black carbon(DBC)released from biochar can be one of the potential disinfection by-products(DBPs)precursors in the dissolved organic matter pool.However,the physiochemical and structural properties of DBC and the effects on the development of DBPs and DBP formation potential(DBPFP)during the disinfection process remain unclear.In this study,the characteristics of two kinds of DBC,namely,animal-derived DBC(poultry litter DBC,PL-DBC)and plant-derived DBC(wheat straw DBC,WS-DBC),were investigated.The effects of different kinds of DBC on the evolution of DBPs and DBPFP in chlorine and chloramine disinfection processes were compared with natural organic matter(NOM).The results showed that the total DBPs concentrations derived from PL-DBC,WS-DBC and NOM were similar during chlorination(i.e.,61.23µg/L,64.59µg/L and 64.66µg/L,respectively)and chloramination(i.e.,44.63µg/L,44.42µg/L and 45.58µg/L,respectively).The lower total DBPs and DBPFP concentrations in chloramination could be attributed to the fact that the introduction of ammonia in chloramine inhibited the breaking of the bond between the disinfectant and the active group of the precursor.Additionally,DBC presented much lower total DBPFP concentrations than NOM in both chlorination and chloramination.However,both kinds of DBC tended to form more monochloroacetic acids and haloacetamides than NOM,which could result from the higher organic strength,higher protein matter,and nitrogen-rich soluble microbial products of DBC.

关键词： Dissolved black carbon(DBC) Chlorine Chloramine Disinfection by-products(DBPs) Disinfection by-products formation potential(DBPFP)

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Removal efficiencies of natural and synthetic progesterones in hospital wastewater treated by different disinfection processes

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022年第10期16卷 11-22页

作者： Jinhui Liang Yuchen Luo Benhang Li Shiqi liu Liansheng Yang Peng Gao Li Feng yongze liu Ziwen Du Liqiu Zhang Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediationBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

Progesterones are ubiquitous in hospital wastewater(HWW)with concentrations much higher than those of estrogens and androgens.To ensure that these water systems are safe to use,disinfection is crucial during HWW treatment by providing"front line"defense against biological contaminations.Here,five disinfection processes,namely,chlorine(Cl_(2)),chlorine dioxide(ClO_(2)),ozone(O_(3)),ultraviolet(UV)),and UV/chlorine(UV/Cl_(2)),were selected to investigate their removal efficiencies for progesterones in primary filtration and secondary biological treatment effluents.There were 61 natural and synthetic progesterones detected in HWW,with the natural progesterones being the main components with a concentration of 845.51 ng/L and contributing to 75.08%of the total proge-sterones.The primary filtration treatment presented insignificant removal effects on the progesterones,while the secondary biological treatment significantly reduced the progesterone content by biode-gradation.The order of removal efficiencies of total progesterones by different disinfection processes was UV/Cl_(2)>Cl_(2)>O_(3)>ClO_(2)>UV.UV/Cl_(2)showed the highest removal efficiency against progesterones mainly due to the activation of Cl_(2)by ultraviolet(UV)photolysis,which helps open the heterocyclic,aromatic,and phenolic rings,thus accelerating progesterone degradation.In addition,the removal efficiencies of natural progesterones in the five disinfection processes were higher than those of synthetic progesterones(progesterone derivatives,19-nortestosterone derivatives,and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone derivatives).

关键词： Progesterones Hospital wastewater Primary filtration treatment effluent Secondary biological treatment effluent Disinfection process

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Sorption of aromatic organophosphate flame thermally and hydrothermally produced retardants on biochars

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2020年第3期14卷 75-87页

作者： Ziwen Du Chuyi Huang Jiaqi Meng Yaru Yuan Ze Yin Li Feng yongze liu Liqiu Zhang Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediationBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China College of Environmental Science and Engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China

Aromatic organophosphate flame retardant(OPFR)pollutants and biochars are commonly present and continually released into soils due to their increasingly wide applications.In this study,for the first time,the sorption of OPFRs on biochars was investigated.Although triphenyl phosphate(TPhP)and triphenylphosphine oxide(TPPO)have similar molecular structures and sizes,TPhP exhibited much faster and higher sorption than TPPO due to its stronger hydrophobicity,suggesting the dominant role of hydrophobic interactions in TPhP sorption.Theπ-πelectron donor-acceptor(EDA)interactions also contributed to the sorption process,as suggested by the negative correlation between the sorption capacity of the aromatic OPFRs and the aromatic index(H/C atomic ratios)of biochar.Density functional theory calculations further showed that one benzene ring of aromatic OPFRs has no electrons,which may interact with biochar viaπ-πEDA interactions.The electrostatic attraction between the protonated P=O in OPFRs and the negatively charged biochar was found to occur at pH below 7.This work provides insights into the sorption behaviors and mechanisms of aromatic OPFRs by biochars.

关键词： Organophosphate flame retardants Hydrochar Pyrochar Adsorption Emerging contaminants Biochar

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基于虾蛄食用习惯的镉膳食风险研究

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现代食品 2024年第1期30卷 205-207页

作者：李杰吕琳陈蕊李丽丽卢福荣李佳慧刘永泽邵悦营口市食品药品检验检测中心辽宁营口115000

为了研究食用高镉虾蛄的膳食风险,本文采用去除肠腺和保留肠腺两种方法对虾蛄样品进行处理,检测总镉含量,以评估肠腺对总镉含量影响。然后采用点评估法对虾蛄样品中最大镉含量进行风险评估。结果表明,保留肠腺的虾蛄总镉含量是去除肠腺... 详细信息

为了研究食用高镉虾蛄的膳食风险,本文采用去除肠腺和保留肠腺两种方法对虾蛄样品进行处理,检测总镉含量,以评估肠腺对总镉含量影响。然后采用点评估法对虾蛄样品中最大镉含量进行风险评估。结果表明,保留肠腺的虾蛄总镉含量是去除肠腺总镉含量的2.39倍,保留肠腺的虾蛄有一定的膳食安全风险,建议去除肠腺食用虾蛄;运用危害商数法得到最大总镉THQ为0.62,最大生物有效性镉THQ为0.062,均小于1,表明高镉虾蛄没有明显的食用风险。

关键词：虾蛄肠腺镉膳食风险

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Effects of humic acid and surfactants on the aggregation kinetics of manganese dioxide colloids

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2015年第1期9卷 105-111页

作者： Xiaoliu HUANGFU Yaan WANG yongze liu Xixin LU Xiang ZHANG Haijun CHENG Jin JIANG Jun MA Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150090 China

The aggregation of common manganese diox- ide （MnO2） colloids has great impact on their surface reactivity and therefore on their fates as well as associated natural and synthetic contaminants in engineered （e.g. water treatment） and natural aquatic environments. Nevertheless, little is known about the aggregation kinetics of MnO2 colloids and the effect of humic acid （HA） and surfactants on these. In this study, the early stage aggregation kinetics of MnO2 nanoparticles in NaNO3 and Ca（NO3）2 solutions in the presence of HA and surfactants （i.e., sodium dodecyl sulfate （SDS）, and polyvinylpyrrolidone （PVP）） were modeled through time-resolved dynamic light scattering. In the presence of HA, MnO2 colloids were significantly stabilized with a critical coagulation concentration （CCC） of-300mmol · L-1 NaNO3 and 4 mmol.L-1 Ca（NO3）2. Electrophoretic mobility （EPM） measurements confirmed that steric hindrance may be primarily responsible for increasing colloidal stability in the presence of HA. Moreover, the molecular and/or chemical properties of HA might impact its stabilizing efficiency. In the case of PVP, only a slight increase of aggregation kinetics was observed, due to steric reactions originating from adsorbed layers of PVP on the MnO2 surface. Consequently, higher CCC values were obtained in the presence of PVP. However, there was a negligible reduction in MnO2 colloidal stability in the presence of 20 mg·L-1SDS.

关键词： manganese dioxide colloids humic acid,surfactant aggregation kinetics drinking water

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频控阵雷达动态点状波束合成

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工程科学与技术 2021年第6期53卷 228-234页

作者：刘永泽井海明石家庄铁道大学信息科学与技术学院河北石家庄050043 河北省电磁环境效应与信息处理重点实验室河北石家庄050043

频控阵(frequency diverse array,FDA)雷达通过在每个阵元辐射信号上附加一个微小频差,实现依赖于距离和角度的波束方向图合成。由于在距离角度维的缠绕和时变特性导致其波束指向难以控制。针对该问题,本文重点研究了FDA雷达发射波束时... 详细信息

频控阵(frequency diverse array,FDA)雷达通过在每个阵元辐射信号上附加一个微小频差,实现依赖于距离和角度的波束方向图合成。由于在距离角度维的缠绕和时变特性导致其波束指向难以控制。针对该问题,本文重点研究了FDA雷达发射波束时变特性和点状波束合成。首先,分析了线性频率增量FDA发射波束的时变性和空间扫描特性。其次,构建了时间调制对数频率增量和多载频频率增量FDA雷达信号模型,其中,对数频率增量方式合成的点状波束旁瓣较高,而多载频方式合成的点状波束具有较大的动态范围。接着,详细研究了时间调制信号模型中频率增量项时间变量与传播项时间变量的关系。若两者相同,则通过抵消消除波束时变特性,然而,两者具有不同的物理意义。频率增量项时间变量仅与波形产生时刻相关,当电磁信号产生并在空间传播后,其频率将不再发生变化;传播项时间变量与电磁波的传播特性有关,是变化的量。因此,两者不能相互抵消。最后,对脉冲对数频率增量和脉冲多载频频率增量模式下的发射波束进行了仿真,验证了对时间调制FDA雷达波束分析的正确性,并得出两种模式下可以合成动态前向传播的点状发射波束,且多载频模式具有较低的波束旁瓣。

关键词：频控阵非线性频率增量时变特性点状波束合成

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MIMO雷达三维干涉诊断成像方法

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雷达学报（中英文） 2018年第6期7卷 655-663页

作者：许小剑刘永泽北京航空航天大学北京100191 石家庄铁道大学石家庄050043

2维合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar, SAR)和逆合成孔径雷达(Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar, ISAR)成像是目标散射机理高分辨率分析和散射诊断测量的重要手段,现有被广泛采用的技术主要包括转台ISAR和导轨SAR成像技术。相比... 详细信息

2维合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar, SAR)和逆合成孔径雷达(Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar, ISAR)成像是目标散射机理高分辨率分析和散射诊断测量的重要手段,现有被广泛采用的技术主要包括转台ISAR和导轨SAR成像技术。相比于传统的2维成像,3维成像可以提供目标局部散射中心在空间的3维位置和散射强度信息。因此,探索新的、可工程化实现与应用的目标3维成像技术是一项极具吸引力的工作。该文提出一种基于多输入多输出(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output, MIMO)阵列技术的3维干涉成像方法。首先,设计并试验了一种具有高孔径利用率和通过虚拟孔径实现干涉成像功能的MIMO阵列;其次,分析了MIMO阵列合成的两组虚拟孔径所成两幅2维雷达像的干涉相位与目标散射中心高度之间的关系,发展了MIMO雷达3维干涉成像算法;最后,通过数值仿真和原理样机实验验证了所提方法在目标散射机理分析和诊断测量应用中的可行性和有效性。

关键词：雷达成像散射诊断 MIMO雷达干涉

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北京市垃圾分类后厨余垃圾与分类前生活垃圾性质变化分析

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环境工程 2022年第12期40卷 22-28页

作者：张彤张立秋封莉刘永泽杜子文北京林业大学北京市水体污染源控制技术重点实验室北京100083 北京林业大学环境科学与工程学院北京100083

2020年5月1日起,北京市正式实施了《北京市生活垃圾管理条例》。为了解北京市垃圾分类后厨余垃圾与分类前生活垃圾性质变化,对居民区垃圾分类收集点厨余垃圾桶内的垃圾进行了采样分析,并与北京市分类前混合收运的生活垃圾性质进行比对... 详细信息

2020年5月1日起,北京市正式实施了《北京市生活垃圾管理条例》。为了解北京市垃圾分类后厨余垃圾与分类前生活垃圾性质变化,对居民区垃圾分类收集点厨余垃圾桶内的垃圾进行了采样分析,并与北京市分类前混合收运的生活垃圾性质进行比对。结果表明,北京实施垃圾分类后,厨余垃圾桶内厨余组分占比逐渐增加,实施1年后,厨余组分占比可达99%;含水率和容重较分类前明显增加,可燃分和热值明显降低,故不适宜采用焚烧处理;pH和C/N呈下降趋势,电导率呈小幅度增长趋势,有机质、总氮(以N计)、总磷(以P2O5计)和总钾(以K2O计)含量上升,垃圾资源化利用潜力增大。Cd、Pb、Cr、Hg、As、Cu和Zn 7种危害较大的重(类)金属元素中,除As外其余的金属元素含量均呈下降趋势;Na、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn等金属元素,除Na外均呈下降趋势。故垃圾源头分类可以有效控制厨余垃圾中金属含量,使其种子发芽指数升高,减小对植物的生物毒害作用,降低环境风险。该研究结果可为北京市垃圾资源化利用和处理设施规划提供参考和依据。

关键词：厨余垃圾垃圾分类性质资源化利用北京

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