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Deep geothermal resources in China:Potential,distribution,exploitation,and utilization

Energy Geoscience 2023年第4期4卷 11-24页

作者： yongsheng ma China Petroleum&Chemical Corporation Beijing100728China

Deep geothermal resources mainly refer to the thermal energy stored in subsurface rocks and fluids therein at a depth of 3-10 km,which is a kind of renewable and sustainable clean energy unaffected by weather and seasonal *** scale exploitation of the deep geothermal resources is of great significance to ensuring national energy security and achieving the“Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality”.Based on the latest terrestrial heat flow data,this paper estimated the potential of deep geothermal resources in the terrestrial areas of China,and the results show that the total amount of geothermal resources within 3e10 km under the Earth's surface in the terrestrial areas of China is 24.6×10^(15)*** line with climate zones categorized,the geothermal resource proportion is 43.81%for severe cold regions,29.19%for cold regions,6.92%for mild regions,13.82%for hot summer and cold winter regions,and 6.26%for hot summer and warm winter *** according to the burial depth range reveal that the resources within depth ranges of 3-5 km,5-7 km and 7-10 km under the Earth's surface are 4.3119×10^(15)GJ,6.37674×10^(15)GJ and 13.89594×10^(15)GJ respectively,showing an increasing trend of geothermal potential with increasing burial *** deep geothermal resources are mainly of medium-to-high temperature reserves,and the energy supply strategy can be optimized by combining the climate conditions and population distribution,as well as considering power *** regions of cold or severe cold climate,the geothermal resources may be applied to geothermal power generation and district heating in combination;in regions of hot summer and cold winter or mild climates,the resources can be used for geothermal power generation combined with cooling and heating;in regions of hot summer and warm winter climates,the resources may be applied to geothermal power generation combined with cooling and industrial and agricultural *** of deep geothermal reso

关键词： China terrestrial area Deep geothermal resource Resource potential Utilization strategy Deployment recommendation

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Research Progress in the Petroleum and Natural Gas Geological Theory of China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2016年第4期90卷 1236-1248页

作者： ma yongsheng ZHAO Peirong China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation Beijing 100728 China

The Chinese landmass, as a composite region, consists of multiple small continental blocks, such as Sino-Korea, Yangtze, Tarim, etc., and orogenic belts. Because of its distinctive tectono-sedimentary evolution, China＇s oil/gas-bearing regions differ remarkably from that elsewhere in the world. For instance, in comparison to the Middle East oil/gas-bearing regions which are characterized by Mesozoic-Cenozoic marine oil/gas-bearing beds, early oil and gas discoveries in China are distributed mainly in Mesozoic-Cenozoic continental sedimentary basins. Generation of oil from terrestrial organic matter, or terrestrial oil generation, and the formation of large oil/gas fields in continental sedimentary basins were previously the major characteristics of petroleum geology of China. However, in the past 20 years, a series of major oil and gas discoveries from marine strata have been made. marine oil/gas fields in China are mainly distributed in the Tarim, Sichuan, and Ordos basins, which are tectonically stable and covered with Mesozoic-Cenozoic deposits. In these basins, hydrocarbon-bearing strata are of old age and the oil/gas fields are commonly deeply-buried. Cumulatively, 995 oil/gas fields have been found so far, making China the fourth largest oil-producing country and the sixth largest gas-producing country in the world. In terms of petroleum and natural gas geology, theories of hydrocarbon generation from continental strata, such as terrestrial oil generation and coal-generated hydrocarbons, etc., have been established. Significant progress has been made in research on the sequence stratigraphy of continental strata, formation mechanisms of ultra-deep clastic reservoirs, and hydrocarbon accumulation in the continental subtle reservoir. Regarding research on the marine petroleum geology of China, with respect to the major characteristics, such as deeply-buried reservoirs, old strata, and multiple phases of transformation, important advances have been made, in areas

关键词： petroleum geology natural gas geology research China

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The controlling factors of oil and gas charging and accumulation of Puguang gas field in the Sichuan Basin

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2007年第A01期52卷 193-200页

作者： ma yongsheng CAI XunYu GUO TongLou Exploration Company SlNOPEC Beijing 100029 China Exploration Company in Southern China SINOPEC Chengdu 610041 China

Combined with oil and gas transport and accumulation, structure-lithology evolution history, and with geochemistry and synthesizing geology methods, this paper studies the oil and gas discharge history of Puguang large scale gas field and the main controlling factors of oil accumulation. The natural gas in Puguang gas field is mainly coal-derived gas and oil-racked gas. The main hydrocarbon is Upper Permian coal mudstone and Lower Silurian mud shale with organic material. Puguang gas field has gone through discharge and adjustment 3 times, and it has favorable palaeostructure location, high quality dredge and effectively conserving conditions.

关键词：油气积蓄四川盆地地质资源开发

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Characteristics and formation mechanism of Changxing Formation-Feixianguan Formation reef-shoal reservoirs in Yuanba Gasfield

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Petroleum Research 2016年第2期1卷 123-134页

作者： yongsheng ma Xunyu Cai Peirong Zhao China Petroleum&Chemical Corporation Beijing 100728China

Taking advantage of the successful experience in exploring and discovering the Puguang Gasfield,and targeting the Changxing Formation-Feixianguan Formation organic reef and shoal lithological trap,SINOPEC drilled Well Yuanba 1 in the Bazhong area in Northeast Sichuan in 2006,and discovered the Yuanba Gasfield with a high-production commercial gas flow of 503×10^(3) m^(3)/*** a normal-pressured lithological gas reservoir with high H_(2)S content,Yuanba Gasfield is characterized by weak tectonic deformation and deep burial,with an average depth of 6,600 m in the central part of the gas reservoir,and is the deepest marine gas field in the Sichuan *** Gasfield is dominated by large-scale reef-shoal reservoirs of Changxing *** formation of the reservoirs was primarily controlled by early meteoric freshwater dissolution and dolomitization,and less affected by deep-burial dissolution and tectonic movement.A comparative analysis was made on the characteristics of deep reef-shoal reservoirs in the Yuanba and Puguang gas fields so as to explore their formation *** is concluded that the reservoir size and early pore development was controlled by early depositional-diagenetic *** formation and dissolution were controlled by structure-fluid coupling,pore reworking and preservation is determined by fluid-rock interaction.

关键词： Yuanba Gasfield Puguang Gasfield Upper Permian Lower Triassic reef-shoal ultra-deep formation carbonate reservoir

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Sequence-stratigraphic frameworks and their palaeogeographic patterns for the Permian Lopingian of the Dianqiangui Basin and its adjacent areas of Southwestern China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2007年第6期50卷 869-885页

作者： MEI MingXiang ma yongsheng DENG Jun CHU HanMin ZHENG KuanBing State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China

The Permian Lopingian in the Dianqiangui Basin and its adjacent areas is marked by the coal measures of the Wuchiapingian and the carbonate strata of the Changhsingian stages. For the Lopingian of the Dianqiangui Basin and its adjacent areas,the diversity of sedimentary facies and the obviousness of facies change provide an advantaged condition on a study of sequence stratigraphy. Approximately,the Wuchiapingian stage constitutes a third-order sequence and the Changhsingian stage forms an-other. For the Wuchiapingian stage in the study area,coal-measures were developed on the attached platform and,in addition,a special coal-measure that is composed of both limestone beds and coal beds was also developed in the central part of some isolated platforms. Grain-bank grainstones and packstones were formed on the margin of the attached platform as well as in the windward part of iso-lated platforms. For the Changhsingian stage in the study area,open-platform limestones were formed on the attached platform,while sponge-reef limestones were developed both on the margin of the at-tached platform and on the isolated platforms. The Lopingian Series is a set of basin-facies muddy shales with interbeds of silicalites in the inter-platform basin,which appears a set of the large-thick coarse clastic strata of molasses covering direct the deep-water strata from the Devonian to the Per-mian Yangsingian in the Qinzhou-Fangcheng region in the southern part of the study area. All of these features indicate the complexity of temporal-spatial facies-changes. Sequence-stratigraphic frame-works could be established,which would illustrate two types of facies-changing surfaces and dia-chronisms in the stratigraphic records,based on the combination of both biostratigraphic and chronostratigraphic materials and the regularity reflected by temporal evolutionary succession of sediments as well as spatial distributional patterns of sedimentary facies. Ultimately,features of sedi-mentary succession

关键词： sequence-stratigraphic frameworks palaeogeographical patterns the Permian Lopingian the Dianqiangui Basin and its adjacent areas

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Crustal Structural and Tectonic Evolution and Oil Prospect Evaluation in the Songpan-Zoigê Block

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2007年第1期81卷 55-60页

作者： ma yongsheng FU Xiaoyue WU Jingsheng CHEN Gao South Exploration and Development Company Sinopec Guanshang Kunming Yunnan 650200 Tongji University 1239 Siping Road Shanghai 200092 China University of Geosciences 388 Lumo Road Wuhan Hubei 430074

Recent study of magnetotelluric （MT） inversion indicates that the basement of the Songpan- Zoige area could be a stable continental crust. There has developed quite thick and stable Paleozoic continental shelf margin-platform clastic and carbonate sediments during the Triassic. Preliminary field geologic investigation and hydrocarbon potential study show that good-quality source rocks, mainly argillaceous and carbonaceous shale, were deposited in the Cambrian and Silurian in this region, while diverse reservoirs of platform facies carbonate and clastic rocks were in the Carboniferous and Permian. The good vertical source-reservoir-seal configuration might indicate that there exists a certain potential for oil and gas exploration in this area.

关键词： Songpan-Zoige Block lithosphere structure tectonic evolution oil and gas

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Simulated experiment evidences of the corrosion and reform actions of H_2S to carbonate reservoirs:an example of Feixianguan Formation,east Sichuan

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2007年第A01期52卷 178-183页

作者： ma yongsheng GUO TongLou ZHU GuangYou CAI XunYu XIE ZengYe Exploration Company SINOPEC Beijing 100029 China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina Beijing 100083 China

The reservoir of Feixianguan Formation of the Lower Triassic in the Sichuan Basin is the deepest buried carbonate reservoir in China, with developed secondary corrosion holes, high quantities carbonate reservoir, maximum effective carbonate reservoir thickness. Also Feixianguan gas reservoir has the highest quantities of H2S. Research discovers that there are close relationships between the formation of reservoir and H2S. The mutual actions between acidity fluid and carbonate promoted the forming of secondary carbonate holes. Through the experiment of corrosion of the samples of Feixianguan carbonate reservoir in saturated aqueous solution of hydrogen sulfide, the porosity and permeability increased greatly, porosity increased 2% and permeability increased nearly two quantity degrees, also the density became light, which confirm the corrosion and reform actions of H2S to carbonate.

关键词：腐蚀模拟碳酸盐 H2S 四川盆地

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Permian/Triassic Boundary and Its Correlation in the Daxian-Xuanhan Area, Northeastern Sichuan Province, China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2008年第1期82卷 56-62页

作者： ma yongsheng MOU Chuanlong TAN Qinyin YU Qian WANG Ruihua Southern Exploration ＆ Development Company SINOPEC Kunming Yunnan 650200 Chengdu Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources Chengdu Sichuan 610082

There are different opinions about the Permian/Triassic boundary and its correlation in the Daxian-Xuanhan area because of lacking typical lithological symbols and fossil criterions. Especially, it is very hard to determine the Permian/Triassic boundary in the Daxian-Xuanhan buried areas. This brings many difficulties to geological research and oil and gas exploration. Based on field investigation and studies of well cores, newly found fossils, lithological characteristics and well log analyses, the authors discussed the Permian/Triassic boundary in the Daxian-Xuanhan area and brought forward a specific scheme for its determination and regional correlation.

关键词： Permian/Triassic boundary correlation Daxian-Xuanhan area

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Sedimentary Facies and Distribution of Reservoir Rocks from the Feixianguan Formation in the Daxian-Xuanhan Region, NE Sichuan

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2006年第1期80卷 137-151页

作者： ma yongsheng MOU Chuanlong GUO Xusheng YU Qian TAN Qinyin Southern Branch SINOPEC Kunming Yunnan 650200 Chengdu Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources Chengdu Sichuan 610082

The Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation in the Daxian-Xuanhan region, northeastern Sicbuan is interpreted to be a carbonate platform intermediate between the West Hubei-East Cbongqing marine basin and Guangyuan-Wangcang marine basin. Outcrops, well logs and seismic data have disclosed that three sedimentary facies can be identified for the formation： open platform, platform exposed shoal and restricted platform facies. During the early stage of deposition of the Feixianguan Formation, there existed a sedimentary framework all the same as the Late Permian one： open platform in the west, and platform exposed shoal, restricted platform and open platform eastwards. The gradual increase of the shoal area permitted eastward migration of the shoal facies. During the deposition of the third member of the Feixianguan Formation, the study area was invaded by temporary transgressions. Till the deposition of the fourth member of the formation, the study area was prevailed over the unified restricted platform deposits, as indicated by the sedimentary model for the typical carbonate platform shoal deposits. The reservoir rocks in the Feixianguan Formation consist mostly of solution opening dolostone, and the rock types are assembled by oolitic dolostone, residual oolitic dolostone and sucrosic residual oolitic medium- to coarse-grained dolostone. The deep and shallow dual laterologs show relatively high resistivity, clear amplitude differences and time difference saltation of acoustic waves in some intervals. The seismic responses are indicated by low-frequency and highly variable amplitudes and chaotic reflection configurations. The reservoir rocks are characterized by high porosity-high permeability and medium porosity-medium permeability, showing a marked correlation between porosity and permeability. Solution openings are extremely developed in the reservoir rocks, including cast pores, intergranular solution openings, intercrystal pores, intercrystal solution openings, solu

关键词： Daxian-Xuanhan region Feixianguan Formation carbonate platform exposed shoal,physical property distribution of reservoir rocks

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The growth progress of Nb films on Cu:a molecular dynamics simulation

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Radiation Detection Technology and Methods 2023年第4期7卷 561-570页

作者： Haichang Duan Yuchen Yang yongsheng ma Ping He Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Background Superconductive Nb films deposited on copper cavities has been widely studied,but simulation studies on the growth of Nb films have rarely been reported in the *** In this study,effects of Nb atom incidence energy,incidence angle and deposition temperature on Nb film growth were investigated by molecular dynamics *** It was found that for the growth of Nb films,a moderate increased the incidence energy of Nb atoms can attenuate the shadow effect,and both too high and too low incident energy are not conducive to the production of high quality Nb films,and the substrate temperature mainly affects the quality of the crystal structure of Nb *** In a word,Nb atoms with higher incidence energy(i.e.10 eV)deposited vertically on Cu substrates at 473.15 K are more favorable for the growth of Nb films with lower surface roughness,higher crystallinity and fewer defects,providing an important reference for the preparation of high quality superconductive Nb films on SRF cavities.

关键词： Molecular dynamic Surface morphology Atomic structure Nb deposition Crystallinity

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