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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第4期35卷 189-201页

作者： Yuxia Wu Xuedan Yu Wei Tang Wenhua Yang Qidi Fu yongqi zheng Chuanhong Zhang State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding Research Institute of ForestryChinese Academy of ForestryBeijing 100091People’s Republic of China Beijing Waiyan Online Digital Technology Co. LtdBeijing 100081People’s Republic of China Huabanlv Nature Enlightenment Education Technology Co. LtdBeijing 100010People’s Republic of China

In overlapping distribution areas of Sorbus pohuashanensis and *** in North China(Mount Tuoliang,Mount Xiling and Mount Baihua),Sorbus indi-viduals were found with pink fruit,which have never been recorded for the flora of *** morphological characters combined with four chloroplast DNA markers and internal transcribed spacer(ITS)were used to analyze the origin of the Sorbus individuals with pink fruits and their relationship to *** and ***,SDA and one-way(taxon)ANOVA of morphological characters provided convincing evidence of the hybrid ori-gin of Sorbus individuals with pink fruits based on a novel morphological character and many intermediate *** analysis based on four cpDNA markers showed that either *** or *** were maternal parents of Sorbus individuals with pink ***-ence of the position of Sorbus individuals with pink fruits between cpDNA and ITS in cluster trees supported by DNA sequence comparative analysis,implying former hybridiza-tion events between *** and ***-tiple hybridization events between *** and *** might have contributed to the generation of Sorbus individuals with pink *** study has provided insights into hybridization between species of the same genus in sympatric areas,which is of great significance for the study of interspecific hybridization.

关键词： Hybridization ITS Chloroplast DNA Morphological characters Sorbus

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‘中研73号’相思引种选育及良种特性

林业科技通讯 2024年第2期 32-36页

作者：殷秀芳宗亦臣郑勇奇江门市古兜山林场广东台山529232 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所北京100091 林木遗传育种全国重点试验室北京100091 国家林业和草原局林木培育重点试验室北京100091

相思良种‘中研73号’是从越南引种经区域化试验后选出的优良无性系,其母本为马占相思(Acacia mangium),父本为大叶相思(***)。‘中研73号’速生性突出,其6年生平均单株材积超过对照母本马占相思147.7%。‘中研73号’干形通直,尖削度小... 详细信息

相思良种‘中研73号’是从越南引种经区域化试验后选出的优良无性系,其母本为马占相思(Acacia mangium),父本为大叶相思(***)。‘中研73号’速生性突出,其6年生平均单株材积超过对照母本马占相思147.7%。‘中研73号’干形通直,尖削度小,冠幅紧凑。‘中研73号’可采用组培和扦插方式繁殖,造林成活率高。6年生‘中研73号’木材基本密度为0.394g/m3,综纤维素含量77.66%,α-纤维素含量45.17%,木质素含量19.30%,适合于建筑材、板材、纸浆材等工业用原材料。在广东省江门地区,‘中研73号’相思在中低山生态公益林改造、商品林混交经营和大径材珍贵树种培育等方面有很广泛的应用前景。

关键词：相思 Acacia 良种选育引种速生

陕西省被子植物两个新记录属——守宫木属和杜茎山属

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植物遗传资源学报 2024年第1期25卷 147-150页

作者：林富荣黎斌程蓓蓓何社胡兰寻路路郑勇奇中国林业科学研究院林业研究所/国家林业和草原局林木培育重点实验室北京100091 陕西省西安植物园/陕西省植物研究所西安710061 河北科技师范学院园艺科技学院秦皇岛066004 陕西省石泉县林业技术推广站石泉725200

通过野外调查并结合标本查阅、比对,发现了陕西省被子植物的两个新记录属,分别为叶下珠科(Phyllanthaceae)守宫木属(Sauropus Blume.)和报春花科(Primulaceae)杜茎山属(Maesa Forssk),对应的新记录种分别为苍叶守宫木(Sauropus garretti... 详细信息

通过野外调查并结合标本查阅、比对,发现了陕西省被子植物的两个新记录属,分别为叶下珠科(Phyllanthaceae)守宫木属(Sauropus Blume.)和报春花科(Primulaceae)杜茎山属(Maesa Forssk),对应的新记录种分别为苍叶守宫木(Sauropus garrettii Craib)和湖北杜茎山(Maesa hupehensis Rehd.)。本研究对两个新记录属的背景进行了简要介绍,并详细描述了两个新记录种的形态特征,同时提供了两个物种野外照片及植株、叶片、花、果的照片。两个新记录属和种的发现不仅对陕西省植物分布研究具有重要意义,也为该区域相关类群的志书编写工作提供了重要参考资料。凭证标本保存于山东省林草种质资源中心植物标本馆(SDFGR,the herbarium of Shandong Forest and Grass Germplasm Resource Center)和陕西省西安植物园植物标本室(XBGH,the herebarium of Xi’an Botanical Garden,Shaanxi Province)。

关键词：守宫木属苍叶守宫木杜茎山属湖北杜茎山陕西省新记录

润燥止痒胶囊与氯雷他定片所致药物性肝损伤比较的真实世界队列研究

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药物流行病学杂志 2024年第3期33卷 241-250页

作者：龙子临赵厚宇郑泳祺王连心孙凤北京大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系/重大疾病流行病学教育部重点实验室(北京大学) 北京100019 中国中医科学院中医临床基础医学研究所北京100700

目的比较润燥止痒胶囊与氯雷他定片所致药物性肝损∶伤(DILI)的风险差异。方法基于药品安全性主动监测获取的电子病历数据,采用回顾性队列研究,提取2004—2021年口服润燥止痒胶囊或氯雷他定片患者的临床资料。按12组的混杂因素后,采用... 详细信息

目的比较润燥止痒胶囊与氯雷他定片所致药物性肝损∶伤(DILI)的风险差异。方法基于药品安全性主动监测获取的电子病历数据,采用回顾性队列研究,提取2004—2021年口服润燥止痒胶囊或氯雷他定片患者的临床资料。按12组的混杂因素后,采用logistic回归模型分析2组人群DILI的发生风险。同时对匹配前及逆概率加权法后的数据进行敏感性分析。结果共纳入31 636例患者,其中口服润燥止痒胶囊的患者26 840例。匹配后2组各4 072例,润燥止痒胶囊组发生DILI的风险明显低于氯雷他定片组(0.12%vs.0.83%),OR=0.15 [95%CI(0.06,0.38)]。匹配前及逆概率加权后,润燥止痒胶囊组DILI发生率仍低于氯雷他定片组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论润燥止痒胶囊在肝损伤安全性方面优于氯雷他定片。科学评价并理性对待何首乌及其制剂的肝毒性对于保障用药安全和健康至关重要。

关键词：润燥止痒胶囊氯雷他定片药物性肝损伤真实世界研究回顾性队列研究

Lift system optimization for hover-capable flapping wing micro air vehicle

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第3期19卷 61-75页

作者： Shengjie XIAO yongqi SHI Zemin WANG Zhe NI Yuhang zheng Huichao DENG Xilun DING Department of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China

A key challenge is using bionic mechanisms to enhance aerodynamic performance of hover-capable flapping wing micro air vehicle(FWMAV).This paper presented a new lift system with high lift and aerodynamic efficiency,which use a hummingbird as a bionic *** new lift system is able to effectively utilize the high lift mechanism of hummingbirds,and this study innovatively utilizes elastic energy storage elements and installs them at the wing root to help improve aerodynamic performance.A flapping angle of 154°is achieved through the optimization of the flapping mechanism *** optimized wing shape and parameters are obtained through experimental studies on the ***,the max net lift generated is 17.6%of the flapping wing vehicle’s ***,energy is stored and released periodically during the flapping cycle,by imitating the musculoskeletal system at the wing roots of hummingbirds,thereby improving the energy utilization rate of the FWMAV and reducing power consumption by 4.5%under the same ***,strength verification and modal analyses are conducted on the flapping mechanism,and the weight of the flapping mechanism is reduced through the analysis and testing of different *** results show that the lift system can generate a stable lift of 31.98 g with a wingspan of 175 mm,while the lift system weighs only 10.5 g,providing aerodynamic conditions suitable for high maneuverability flight of FWMAVs.

关键词： lift optimization flapping wing elastic energy hovering flapping mechanism

The structure–activity relationships of Rh/CeO_(2)-ZrO_(2) catalysts based on Rh metal size effect in the three-way catalytic reactions

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 6870-6878页

作者： Dongming Chen Weixin Zhao Zihao Xu zheng Zhao Juanyu Yang Yongke Hou yongqi Zhang Zongyu Feng Meisheng Cui Xiaowei Huang National Engineering Research Center for Rare Earth Grirem Advanced Materials Co.Ltd.Beijing 100088China Grirem Hi-Tech Co. Ltd.Sanhe 065201China General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals Beijing 100088China

With the continuous tightening of automotive emission regulations and the increasing promotion of energy-efficient hybrid vehicles,new challenges have arisen for the low-temperature performance of three-way catalysts(TWCs).To guide the design of next-generation TWCs,it is essential to further develop our understanding of the relationships between microstructure and catalytic ***,Rh/CeO_(2)–ZrO_(2) catalysts were synthesized with different Rh metal dispersion by using a combination of the wet impregnation method and reduction *** catalysts included Rh single-atom catalysts,cluster catalysts,and nanoparticle *** results showed that the Rh nanoparticle catalyst,with an average size of 1.9 nm,exhibited superior three-way catalytic performance compared to the other *** on the catalytic activity in a series of simple reaction atmospheres such as CO+O_(2),NO+CO,and hydrocarbons(HCs)+O_(2) and operando infrared spectroscopy,we found that metallic Rh sites on Rh nanoparticles are the key factor responsible for the low-temperature catalytic performance.

关键词： Rh/CeO_(2)-ZrO_(2) catalyst Rh metal size effect Rh nanoparticles three-way catalytic performance

低温胁迫下鹅掌楸抗寒性相关基因的差异表达分析

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植物资源与环境学报 2015年第3期24卷 25-31页

作者：陆畅李斌郑勇奇国家林木遗传育种重点实验室中国林业科学研究院林业研究所国家林业局林木培育重点实验室北京100091

对4℃和-30℃低温条件下引种自安徽大别山的1株鹅掌楸〔Liriodendron chinense（Hemsl.）Sarg.〕植株顶芽总RNA进行了数字基因表达谱构建和差异表达基因筛选,并对筛选出的抗寒性相关基因进行了实时荧光定量PCR分析。结果表明：获得的总... 详细信息

对4℃和-30℃低温条件下引种自安徽大别山的1株鹅掌楸〔Liriodendron chinense（Hemsl.）Sarg.〕植株顶芽总RNA进行了数字基因表达谱构建和差异表达基因筛选,并对筛选出的抗寒性相关基因进行了实时荧光定量PCR分析。结果表明：获得的总RNA样品质量符合实验要求。数字基因表达谱分析结果表明：每个样品的质量控制后序列的总长度均在0.5 Gbp以上,碱基错误率为0.01%,Q20值超过99%,Q30值为96.99%~97.23%,GC含量为44.97%~47.06%,并且每个样品比对成功的序列条数占质量控制后序列总数的百分率均在90%以上。差异表达基因筛选结果显示：共发现9个与鹅掌楸抗寒性有关的差异表达基因,分别为HSP、MYB、NAC、AP2、Zinc finger、WRKY、FAD、Phospholipase和β-amylase基因。实时荧光定量PCR分析结果表明这9个基因共有3种表达模式,其中,HSP和FAD基因的相对表达量均随着温度的降低而减少,表现为基因下调表达;AP2、NAC和Zinc finger基因的相对表达量随着温度的降低而增多,表现为基因上调表达;而β-amylase、WRKY、Phospholipase和MYB基因的相对表达量则表现为4℃时增加、-30℃时减少。从基因的相对表达量来看,最大相对表达量超过5的基因有NAC和WRKY,介于2~5之间的基因有AP2、Zinc finger、β-amylase和MYB,低于2的基因有Phospholipase、HSP和FAD。结果显示NAC和WRKY基因可能在鹅掌楸的抗寒过程中起主要作用。

关键词：鹅掌楸低温胁迫抗寒性相关基因数字基因表达谱差异表达基因相对表达量

外来树种对自然生态系统入侵风险评价指标体系

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林业科学 2008年第10期44卷 88-93页

作者：张川红郑勇奇中国林业科学研究院林业研究所国家林业局森林培育重点实验室北京100091

本指标体系是通过评价外来树种的入侵性(繁殖扩散建群能力)或外来树种的实际扩散程度及其对生态系统的影响来综合评价外来树种对自然生态系统的入侵风险。首先以回答问题的方式进行外来树种的入侵性评价或实际扩散程度评价,及其对生态... 详细信息

本指标体系是通过评价外来树种的入侵性(繁殖扩散建群能力)或外来树种的实际扩散程度及其对生态系统的影响来综合评价外来树种对自然生态系统的入侵风险。首先以回答问题的方式进行外来树种的入侵性评价或实际扩散程度评价,及其对生态系统的影响评价,然后通过综合判断表,得出外来树种的入侵风险等级,最后结合外来树种的控制难度等级给出相应的管理对策。入侵性通过植物的繁殖方式、扩散途径和适应能力等3个方面进行评价。实际扩散程度主要考虑外来树种天然更新的方式、扩散进入的植物群落类型和扩散的速度等因素。生态影响评价包括外来树种对生态系统环境因子、植物群落结构组成、当地群体遗传完整性和生态系统营养链等4方面的影响。控制难度考虑影响控制的因素、控制的方法和控制的负面影响等因素。

关键词：外来树种入侵风险评价指标体系

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外来树种生物入侵研究现状与进展

林业科学 2006年第11期42卷 114-122页

作者：郑勇奇张川红中国林业科学研究院林业研究所国家林业局森林培育重点实验室北京100091

外来树种如果形成生物入侵,对生态系统会产生多方面影响,其中最严重的是对入侵地生物多样性和生态系统功能的影响。生物入侵造成的危害具有爆发性和长期性,且不可逆转。与其他种类的生物相比,外来树种的入侵具有很长的时滞,预测比较困... 详细信息

外来树种如果形成生物入侵,对生态系统会产生多方面影响,其中最严重的是对入侵地生物多样性和生态系统功能的影响。生物入侵造成的危害具有爆发性和长期性,且不可逆转。与其他种类的生物相比,外来树种的入侵具有很长的时滞,预测比较困难。我国引种的外来树种数量多,过去对外来树种的生物入侵研究很少,开展外来树种入侵性评价和生态风险评估,制定统一的技术规程和标准,确定各种外来树种的入侵性等级,对我国林业经济和生态环境建设具有重要价值和意义。我国在外来树种生物入侵方面的研究起步较晚,建立外来树种信息系统,加强信息交流与共享,制定外来树种入侵评价标准与风险评估体系,研究建立外来树种监测及生物入侵早期预警系统是未来的研究重点。正确处理林木引种与生物入侵的相互关系,对外来树种进行生物入侵风险评估,制定生物入侵防范战略,可以有效地防止生物入侵的发生。同时也要针对树木的生命周期长、具有重要利用价值的特点,避免夸大外来树种的生物入侵风险,更好地促进外来树种事业的发展。

关键词：生物入侵外来树种生态风险

Plate tectonics in the Archean:Observations versus interpretations

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 1-30页

作者： YongFei zheng School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230026China Center of Excellence for Comparative Planetology Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230026China

Plate tectonics theory,established in the 1960s,has been successful in explaining many geological phenomena,processes and events that occurred in the ***,the theory has often struggled to provide a coherent framework in interpreting geological records in continental interior and Precambrian *** dealing with the relationship between plate tectonics and continental geology,continental interior tectonics was often separated from continental margin tectonics in the inheritance and development of their structure and *** separation led to the illusion that the plate tectonics theory is not applicable to Precambrian geology,particularly in explaining the fundamental geological characteristics of Archean *** this illusion does not mean that the Archean continental crust did not originate from a regime of plate tectonics,it led to the development of alternative tectonic models,often involving vertical movements under a regime of stagnant lid tectonics,including not only endogenous processes such as gravitational sagduction,mantle plumes and heat pipes but also exogenous processes such as bolide *** vertical processes were not unique to the Archean but persisted into the *** result from mantle poloidal convection at different depths,not specific to any particular *** the plate tectonics theory from the traditional kinematic model in the 20th century to a holistic kinematic-dynamic model in the 21st century and systematically examining the vertical transport of matter and energy at plate margins,it is evident that plate tectonics can explain the common geological characteristics of Archean cratons,such as lithological associations,structural patterns and metamorphic *** deciphering the structure and composition of convergent plate margins as well as their dynamics,the formation and evolution of continental crust since the Archean can be divided into ancient plate tectonics in the Preca

关键词： Plate tectonics Archean geology Continental origin Crustal reworking Plate interior Plate margin