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Review of the Configuration and Transient Stability of Large-scale Renewable Energy Generation through Hybrid DC Transmission

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CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems 2024年第2期8卷 115-126页

作者： Xinshou Tian yongning chi Longxue Li Hongzhi Liu Institute of Energy Power Innovation North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China china Electric Power Research Institute No.15Xiaoying East RoadQingheHaidian DistrictBeijing 100192China.

Based on the complementary advantages of Line Commutated Converter(LCC)and Modular Multilevel Converter(MMC)in power grid applications,there are two types of hybrid DC system topologies:one is the parallel connection of LCC converter stations and MMC converter stations,and the other is the series connection of LCC and MMC converter stations within a single *** hybrid DC transmission system faces broad application prospects and development potential in large-scale clean energy integration across regions and the construction of a new power system dominated by new energy sources in *** paper first analyzes the system forms and topological characteristics of hybrid DC transmission,introducing the forms and topological characteristics of converter-level hybrid DC transmission systems and system-level hybrid DC transmission ***,it analyzes the operating characteristics of LCC and MMC inverter-level hybrid DC transmission systems,provides insights into the transient stability of hybrid DC transmission systems,and typical fault ride-through control ***,it summarizes the networking characteristics of the LCC-MMC series within the converter station hybrid DC transmission system,studies the transient characteristics and fault ridethrough control strategies under different fault types for the LCC-MMC series in the receiving-end converter station,and investigates the transient characteristics and fault ride-through control strategies under different fault types for the LCC-MMC series in the sending-end converter station.

关键词： Hybrid DC transmission Transient stability Configuration Control system

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Power-balancing Coordinated Control of Wind Power and Demand-side Response Under Post-fault Condition

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2022年第5期10卷 1207-1215页

作者： Xinshou Tian yongning chi Chao Liu Peng Cheng Yan Li china Electric Power Research Institute Beijing 100192China North china Electric Power University Beijing 102206China State Key Laboratory of Operation and Control of Renewable Energy&Storage Systems(china Electric Power Research Institute) Beijing 100192China china Institute of Energy and Transportation Integrated Development North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China

As the global energy transforms to renewablebased power system, the wind power generation has experienced a rapid increase. Due to the loss of synchronous machines and its frequency control mechanisms, the gradual evolution leads to critical challenges in maintaining the frequency stability. Under post-fault condition, the wind power generation has a slow recovery due to the fault ride-through(FRT) control strategy and may cause a larger frequency deviation due to the power imbalance between the supply and demand. Then, the impacts of the frequency deviations would further cause inaccuracy and instability in the control system for wind power generation. Considering the long parking time of electric vehicles(EVs), the demand-side response is provided to support the power grid via load-to-grid technology. Thus, a power-balancing coordinated control strategy of the wind power and the demand-side response is developed. It can significantly mitigate the power imbalance, thereby resulting in the enhanced frequency stability. Finally, the simulation results are provided to validate the power-balancing coordinated control strategy.

关键词： Power-balancing wind power demand-side response frequency stability post-fault condition

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Coordinated Damping Optimization Control of Sub-synchronous Oscillation for DFIG and SVG

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2021年第1期7卷 140-149页

作者： Xinshou Tian yongning chi Yan Li Haiyan Tang Chao Liu Yuanyuan Su State Key Laboratory of Operation and Control of Renewable Energy&Storage Systems(china Electric Power Research Institute) Beijing 100192China

Currently, the power electronics-based devices, includinglarge-scale non-synchronized generators and reactivepower compensators, are widely used in power grids. This helpsintroduce the coupling interactions between the devices andthe power grid, resulting in a new sub-synchronous oscillationphenomenon. It is a critical element for the stability operation ofthe power grid and its devices. In this paper, the sub-synchronousoscillation phenomenon of the power grid connected with largescalewind power generation is analyzed in detail. Then, inorder to damp the sub-synchronous oscillation, a coordinateddamping optimization control strategy for wind power generatorsand their reactive power compensators is proposed. The proposedcoordinated control strategy tracks the sub-synchronousoscillation current signal to correct the corresponding controlsignal, which increases the damping of power electronics. Theresponse characteristics of the proposed control strategy areanalyzed, and a self-optimization parameter tuning method basedon sensitivity analysis is proposed. The simulation results validatethe effectiveness and the availability of the proposed controlstrategy.

关键词： Coordinated damping optimization control DFIG self-optimization parameter tuning method subsynchronous oscillation SVG

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Optimized scheduling of integrated energy systems for low carbon economy considering carbon transaction costs

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Global Energy Interconnection 2024年第4期7卷 377-390页

作者： Chao Liu Weiru Wang Jing Li Xinyuan Liu yongning chi china Electric Power Research Institute Beijing 100192P.R.China State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Research Institute Taiyuan 030001P.R.China

With the introduction of the“dual carbon”goal and the continuous promotion of low-carbon development,the integrated energy system(IES)has gradually become an effective way to save energy and reduce *** study proposes a low-carbon economic optimization scheduling model for an IES that considers carbon trading *** the goal of minimizing the total operating cost of the IES and considering the transferable and curtailable characteristics of the electric and thermal flexible loads,an optimal scheduling model of the IES that considers the cost of carbon trading and flexible loads on the user side was *** role of flexible loads in improving the economy of an energy system was investigated using examples,and the rationality and effectiveness of the study were verified through a comparative analysis of different *** results showed that the total cost of the system in different scenarios was reduced by 18.04%,9.1%,3.35%,and 7.03%,respectively,whereas the total carbon emissions of the system were reduced by 65.28%,20.63%,3.85%,and 18.03%,respectively,when the carbon trading cost and demand-side flexible electric and thermal load responses were considered *** electrical and thermal loads did not have the same impact on the system *** the analyzed case,the total cost and carbon emissions of the system when only the flexible electrical load response was considered were lower than those when only the flexible thermal load response was taken into *** have an excess of carbon trading credits and can profit from selling them,whereas other devices have an excess of carbon trading and need to buy carbon credits.

关键词： Demand response Combined cooling Heating and power system Carbon transaction costs Flexible electric and thermal loads Optimal scheduling

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Dual-mode Switching Fault Ride-through Control Strategy for Self-synchronous Wind Turbines

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第2期11卷 579-588页

作者： Xinshou Tian yongning chi Peng Cheng Wei He Yunpeng Zhou Jianzhu Hu china Institute of Energy and Transportation Integrated Development North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China State Key Laboratory of Operation and Control of Renewable Energy&Storage Systems China Electric Power Research InstituteBeijing 100192China State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co. Economic and Technological Research InstituteHangzhouChina

The installed capacity of renewable energy generation has continued to grow rapidly in recent years along with the global energy transition towards a 100%renewable-based power *** the same time,the grid-connected large-scale renewable energy brings significant challenges to the safe and stable operation of the power system due to the loss of synchronous ***,self-synchronous wind turbines have attracted wide attention from both academia and ***,the understanding of the physical operation mechanisms of self-synchronous wind turbines is not *** particular,the transient characteristics and dynamic processes of wind turbines are fuzzy in the presence of grid ***,it is difficult to design an adaptive fault ride-through(FRT)control ***,a dual-mode switching FRT control strategy for self-synchronous wind turbines is *** FRT control strategies are *** one strategy,the amplitude and phase of the internal potential are directly calculated according to the voltage drop when a minor grid fault *** other dual-mode switching control strategy in the presence of a deep grid fault includes three parts:vector control during the grid fault,fault recovery vector control,and self-synchronous *** proposed control strategy can significantly mitigate transient overvoltage,overcurrent,and multifrequency oscillation,thereby resulting in enhanced transient ***,simulation results are provided to validate the proposed control strategy.

关键词： Dual-mode switching self-synchronous wind turbine transient stability fault ride-through(FRT)control

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Hierarchical Control of DC Microgrids Robustness and Smartness

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2020年第2期6卷 384-393页

作者： Yunjie Gu Heya Yang Wei Sun yongning chi Wuhua Li Xiangning He Zhejiang Univerisity Hangzhou 310027China china Electric Power Research Insititute Beijing 100192China

This paper investigates the hierarchical control of DC *** to AC microgrids,DC microgrids encounter complicated converter-level control,and simplified system-level *** address these characteristics,a new three-level control hierarchy is *** converter control level encapsulates sophisticated converter topologies and inner control loops into a black-box *** voltage coordination level uses DC voltage signals to coordinate both static and transient power *** energy management level optimizes the power flow and power quality in a broader scope through *** architecture lowers the focus of control to bottom *** functions are allocated to the converter control and voltage coordination *** can maintain basic microgrid performance with fully local control,thereby ensuring reliable power supply in case of communication ***,taking advantage of DC microgrids’simplified system-level operation patterns,the energy management level uses straightforward algorithms to achieve intelligent *** a result,this architecture achieves both robust and smart control by exploring DC microgrids’critical features.

关键词： DC microgrid energy management hierarchical control voltage coordination

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Development of wind-energy modeling technology and standards

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Global Energy Interconnection 2022年第2期5卷 206-216页

作者： Cong Wang Yan Li Yiwen Fan yongning chi Hongchang Qi Hongzhi Liu china Electric Power Research Institute Haidian DistrictBeijing 100192P.R.China

To ensure the stable operation of power systems with large proportions of wind power,china has published a series of national,industry,and enterprise standards for wind *** increase in the number of standards and the expansion of their application scope have given rise to a situation where multiple standards overlap and conflict with regard to the establishment of models and their applicability,resulting in unclear standard application ***,it is imperative to analyze the development of wind-turbine and wind-farm modeling,along with the relevant *** paper presents the methods for wind-turbine modeling,the equivalent model of wind farms based on the general model of wind turbines,and the technical provisions and application scenarios involved in the relevant domestic and international *** adaptability of the relevant standards is *** results of this study are helpful for advancing wind power generation in china and ensuring the safe and stable operation of large-scale wind power systems.

关键词： Wind turbine Wind farm Power-system modeling Equivalent model of wind farm.

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A Comprehensive AC Fault Ride-through Strategy for HVDC Link with Serial-connected LCC-VSC Hybrid Inverter

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2022年第1期8卷 175-187页

作者： Fan Cheng Liangzhong Yao Jian Xu yongning chi Yuanzhang Sun Zhibing Wang Yan Li china Electric Power Research Institute Beijing 100192China School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072Hubei provinceChina

An HVDC link with line-commutated converter(LCC)as a rectifier at the power sending end and with a serial-connected LCC and voltage source converter(VSC)hybrid inverter(SLVHI)at the power receiving end,has been adopted for the forthcoming Baihetan HVDC engineering project in *** realize the AC fault ride-through(FRT)of SLVHI,a new strategy based on DC chopper(DCC)is proposed in this ***,the mathematical model is built to investigate the VSC DC overvoltage mechanism after SLVHI commutation failure(CF)and related ***,a modified DCC topology of SLVHI is designed to adjust the unbalanced power dissipation based on voltage drop ***,an enhanced voltage-dependent current order limiter(VDCOL)is proposed to deal with the unbalanced power after DCC *** the cooperation between modified DCC and enhanced VDCOL,the proposed FRT strategy can realize CF mitigation and VSC DC overvoltage suppression ***,the inverter side AC FRT performances of the HVDC link with SLVHI were studied using PSCAD software/EMTDC *** simulation results validate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed strategy,with better CF mitigation and VSC DC overvoltage suppression abilities than offered by other existing FRT strategies under different fault scenarios.

关键词： AC fault-ride through strategy commutation failure DC chopper DC overvoltage serial-connected LCC-VSC hybrid inverter

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Voltage phase angle jump characteristic of DFIGs in case of weak grid connection and grid fault

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2016年第2期4卷 256-264页

作者： Xinshou TIAN Gengyin LI yongning chi Weisheng WANG Haiyan TANG Xiang LI State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources(North china Electric Power University) Changping DistrictBeijing 102206China china Electric Power Research Institute Haidian DistrictBeijing 100192China

In the condition of connecting large scale doubly-fed induction generators (DFIGs) into weak grid,the closely coupled interactions between wind generators and power grid becomes more *** new fault characteristics including voltage phase angle jump will emerge,which will influence the power quality of power ***,there are very few studies focusing on the mechanism of voltage phase angle jump under grid fault in a weak grid with wind turbine *** paper focuses on the scientific issues and carries out mechanism studies from different aspects,including mathematical deduction,field data analysis and time domain *** on the analysis of transientcharacteristics of DFIGs during the grid fault,this paper points out that the change of terminal voltage phase angle in DFIGs is an electromagnetism transition process,which is different from conventional synchronous ***,the impact on transient characteristics of voltage phase angle are revealed in terms of fault ride through(FRT) control strategies,control parameters of current inner-loop of rotor-side converter and grid strength.

关键词： DFIGs Weak grid Fault ride through Voltage phase angle jump

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Transient characteristics and adaptive fault ride through control strategy of DFIGs considering voltage phase angle jump

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2017年第5期5卷 757-766页

作者： Xinshou TIAN yongning chi Weisheng WANG Gengyin LI Haiyan TANG Zhen WANG State Key Laboratory of Operation and Control of Renewable Energy&Storage Systems China Electric Power Research InstituteHaidian DistrictBeijing 100192China State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources North China Electric Power UniversityChangping DistrictBeijing 102206China

Wind power in china has experienced fast development in recent years. However, areas rich in wind power resources are often far away from loads centers,which leads to weak connection between wind turbines and power grid. When a grid fault occurs, new transient characteristics in weak grid integrated with doubly-fed induction generators(DFIGs) may present, such as voltage phase angle jump. Current control strategies for wind turbine with strong grid connection are hard to be adapted under weak gird connection. This paper explores the transient characteristics of DFIGs under voltage phase angle jump through analyzing the operation and control characteristics of DFIGs connected into weak grid when the voltage phase angle jumps. Fault ride through(FRT) control strategy of DFIGs based on adaptive phase-locked loop is proposed to adapt weak grid condition. The reference frame of the proposed strategy will be changed in real-time to track the operation condition of DFIGs according to the terminal voltage, and different phase tracking method is adopted during the grid fault. Field data analysis and time domain simulation are carried out. The results show that voltage phase angle jumps when a grid fault occurs, which weakens the FRT capability of DFIGs, and the proposed FRT control strategy can optimize transient characteristics of DFIGs, and improve the FRT capability of DFIGs.

关键词： DFIGs Voltage phase angle jump Transient characteristics Adaptive FRT control strategy

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