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Microbiome and intestinal pathophysiology in post-acute sequelae of COVID-19

Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 220-231页

作者： Jilei Zhang yongguo Zhang Yinglin Xia Jun Sun Division of Gastroenterology and hepatology Department of MedicineUniversity of Ilinois ChicagoIL60612USA Uic Cancer Center Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Ilinois ChicagoChicagoIL60612USA Jesse Brown VA Medical Center ChicagoIL60612USA

Long CoVID,also known for post-acute sequelae of CovID-19,describes the people who have the signs and symptoms that continue or develop after the acute coviD-19 phase.Long CovID patients suffer from an inflammation or host responses towards the virus approx-imately 4 weeks after initial infection with the SARS CoV-2 virus and continue for an unchar-acterized duration.Anyone infected with CovID-19 before could experience long-CcovID conditions,including the patients who were infected with SARS CoV-2 virus confirmed by tests and those who never knew they had an infection early.People with long CoviD may experience health problems from different types and combinations of symptoms over time,such as fa-tigue,dyspnea,cognitive impairments,and gastrointestinal(Gl)symptoms(e.g.,nausea,vom-iting,diarrhea,decreased or loss of appetite,abdominal pain,and dysgeusia).The critical role of the microbiome in these Gl symptoms and long CovID were reported in clinical patients and experimental models.here,we provide an overall view of the critical role of the Gl tract and microbiome in the development of long COVID,including the clinical Gl symptoms in patients,dysbiosis,viral-microbiome interactions,barrier function,and inflammatory bowel disease patients with long CovID.We highlight the potential mechanisms and possible treatment based on Gl health and microbiome.Finally,we discuss challenges and future direction in the long CoVID clinic and research.

关键词： Gastrointestinal symptoms Gl tract Gut microbiome Inflammatorybowel diseases Intestinal barrier Long CoVID Metabolites Tight junctions

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Prenatal amoxicillin exposure induces developmental toxicity in fetal mice and its characteristics

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 287-301页

作者： yongguo Dai Yu Peng Wen Hu Yi Liu Hui Wang Department of Pharmacology Wuhan University School of Basic Medical SciencesWuhan 430071China Department of Pharmacy Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease Wuhan 430071China

Amoxicillin,a widely used antibiotic in human and veterinary pharmaceuticals,is now considered as an“emerging contaminant”because it exists widespreadly in the environment and brings a series of adverse outcomes.Currently,systematic studies about the developmental toxicity of amoxicillin are still lacking.We explored the potential effects of amoxicillin exposure on pregnancy outcomes,maternal/fetal serum phenotypes,and fetal multiple organ development in mice,at different doses(75,150,300 mg/(kg·day))during late-pregnancy,or at a dose of 300 mg/(kg·day)during different stages(mid-/latepregnancy)and courses(single-/multi-course).Results showed that prenatal amoxicillin exposure(PAmE)had no significant infuence on the body weights of dams,but it could inhibit the physical development and reduce the survival rate of fetuses,especially during the midpregnancy.Meanwhile,PAmE altered multiple maternal/fetal serum phenotypes,especially in fetuses.Fetal multi-organ function results showed that PAmE inhibited testicular/adrenal steroid synthesis,long bone/cartilage and hippocampal development,and enhanced ovarian steroid synthesis and hepatic glycogenesis/lipogenesis,and the order of severity might be gonad(testis,ovary)>liver>others.Further analysis found that PAmE-induced multiorgan developmental and functional alterations had differences in stages,courses and fetal gender,and the most obvious changes might be in high-dose,late-pregnancy and multicourse,but there was no typical rule of a dose-response relationship.In conclusion,this study confirmed that PAmE could cause abnormal development and multi-organ function alterations,which deepens our understanding of the risk of PAmE and provides an experimental basis for further exploration of the long-term harm.

关键词： Amoxicillin Prenatal exposure Fetal development Organ function Developmental toxicity

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肠上皮细胞Axin1缺失可调节肠道微生态预防结肠炎

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Engineering 2024年第4期35卷 241-256页

作者： Shari Garrett yongguo Zhang Yinglin Xia Jun Sun Division of Gastroenterology and hepatology Department of MedicineUniversity of Illinois ChicagoChicagoIL 60612USA Department of Microbiology and Immunology College of MedicineUniversity of Illinois ChicagoChicagoIL 60612USA Cancer Center University of Illinois ChicagoChicagoIL 60612USA Jesse Brown VA Medical Center ChicagoIL 60612USA

Intestinal homeostasis is maintained by specialized host cells and the gut microbiota.Wnt/b-catenin signaling is essential for gastrointestinal development and homeostasis,and its dysregulation has been implicated in inflammation and colorectal cancer.Axin1 negatively regulates activated Wnt/b-catenin signaling,but little is known regarding its role in regulating host–microbial interactions in health and disease.here,we aim to demonstrate that intestinal Axin1 determines gut homeostasis and host response to inflammation.Axin1 expression was analyzed in human inflammatory bowel disease datasets.To explore the effects and mechanism of intestinal Axin1 in regulating intestinal homeostasis and colitis,we generated new mouse models with Axin1 conditional knockout in intestinal epithelial cell(IEC;Axin1^(ΔIEC))and Paneth cell(PC;Axin1^(ΔPC))to compare with control(Axin1^(LoxP);LoxP:locus of X-over,P1)mice.We found increased Axin1 expression in the colonic epithelium of human inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Axin1DIEC mice exhibited altered goblet cell spatial distribution,PC morphology,reduced lysozyme expression,and enriched Akkermansia muciniphila(A.muciniphila).The absence of intestinal epithelial and PC Axin1 decreased susceptibility to dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis in vivo.Axin1DIEC and Axin1^(ΔPC)mice became more susceptible to DSS-colitis after cohousing with control mice.Treatment with A.muciniphila reduced DSS-colitis severity.Antibiotic treatment did not change the IEC proliferation in the Axin1Loxp mice.However,the intestinal proliferative cells in Axin1^(ΔIEC)mice with antibiotic treatment were reduced compared with those in Axin1DIEC mice without treatment.These data suggest non-colitogenic effects driven by the gut microbiome.In conclusion,we found that the loss of intestinal Axin1 protects against colitis,likely driven by epithelial Axin1 and Axin1-associated A.muciniphila.Our study demonstrates a novel role of Axin1 in mediating intestinal homeostasis and the microbiota.Further mechanistic

关键词： Axin1 Bacteria Microbiome inflammation Inflammatory bowel disease Immunity Microbiome Paneth cells Akkermansia muciniphila Wnt

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Pollination Biology of the Endangered herbal Medicines Dendrobium chrysotoxum(Orchidaceae)

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第7期92卷 1975-1986页

作者： Kai Luo Yanbing Bai Yan Jiang Guiling Li Min Jia yongguo he Zhijun Yao Ziwei Xiao Xiaoqiong Liu Wenjie Liu Shanshan Yin Zesheng Li Medicinal Plant Research Center Dehong Tropical Agriculture Research Institute of YunnanRuili678600China Human Resources Management Office The People’s Hospital of XiangyunXiangyun672100China

Pollination biology studies of the endangered herbal medicines Dendrobium chrysotoxum were conducted in natural pollination conditions using flower observation,pollinator observation and artificial pollination experiments.Populations of D.chrysotoxum with fragrance and nectar were pollinated by Ctenoplectra davidi Valhalla(Hymenoptera:Apidae)species.The floral structure of D.chrysotoxum adapted precisely to its pollinators.Flowers had a low capsule setting(0.17%)under natural conditions.However,compared to open pollination,artificial pollination experiments showed a significant increase in capsule setting,and D.chrysotoxum was cross-compatible and self-compatible,but there was pollinator limitation also.This study will provide important information for the preservation of this endangered species.

关键词： Breeding system Dendrobium chrysotoxum pollination pollination biology

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Structure Optimization of a Tesla Turbine Using an Organic Rankine Cycle Technology

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第6期20卷 1251-1263页

作者： yongguo Li Caiyin Xu Can Qin Dingjian Zheng School of Engineering Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai201306China Shanghai Marine Renewable Energy Engineering Technology Research Center Shanghai201306China

The so-called ORC(Organic Rankine Cycle)heat recovery technology has attracted much attention with regard to medium and low temperature waste heat recovery.In the present study,it is applied to a Tesla turbine.At the same time,the effects of the disc speed,diameter and inter-disc gap on the internal flow field and output power of the turbine are also investigated by means of CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics)numerical simulation,by which the pressure,velocity,and output efficiency of the internal flow field are obtained under different internal and external conditions.The highest efficiency(66.4%)is obtained for a number of nozzles equal to 4,a disk thickness of 1 mm,and a gap of 1 mm between the disks.The results of the study serve as a theoretical basis for the structural design and optimization of Tesla turbines.

关键词： ORC Tesla turbine CFD numerical simulation structural parameters

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“丸尾鲁迅”的再发掘

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鲁迅研究月刊 2024年第2期 28-40页

作者：蒋永国浙江师范大学文学院 321004

20世纪90年代丸尾常喜在中日学界产生了广泛而深刻的影响,从而开创了“丸尾鲁迅”的研究方向。研究者也对“丸尾鲁迅”进行了较多整理总结,但还需要认真梳理其从“耻辱”到“鬼”的逻辑演变,厘清其知识生成史和独特贡献,以及存在的问题... 详细信息

20世纪90年代丸尾常喜在中日学界产生了广泛而深刻的影响,从而开创了“丸尾鲁迅”的研究方向。研究者也对“丸尾鲁迅”进行了较多整理总结,但还需要认真梳理其从“耻辱”到“鬼”的逻辑演变,厘清其知识生成史和独特贡献,以及存在的问题。这对中日学界推进鲁迅研究和克服研究的原理性情结具有启示意义。

关键词： “丸尾鲁迅” “耻辱”和“鬼” 知识生成史原理性情结

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比较研究·阅读镜像·鲁迅学史——藤井省三鲁迅研究的三扇门

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中国文学研究 2024年第2期 130-138页

作者：蒋永国浙江师范大学人文学院浙江金华321004

藤井省三是日本有名的中国文学研究专家,在鲁迅研究方面产生了重要影响。在日本鲁迅研究整体性式微的世纪之交,藤井省三着力打开比较文学、阅读镜像和鲁迅学史研究的三扇门,表现出综合新变的倾向,这对拓展鲁迅研究的文化空间具有启示意... 详细信息

藤井省三是日本有名的中国文学研究专家,在鲁迅研究方面产生了重要影响。在日本鲁迅研究整体性式微的世纪之交,藤井省三着力打开比较文学、阅读镜像和鲁迅学史研究的三扇门,表现出综合新变的倾向,这对拓展鲁迅研究的文化空间具有启示意义。但研究偏重于平行研究和综论,因而显得有些空疏和肤浅,特别是近些年有消费鲁迅的嫌疑,这是我们要批评和努力克服的。

关键词：藤井省三比较研究阅读镜像鲁迅学史

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FFDNet:复杂环境中的细粒度面部表情识别

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计算机应用研究 2024年第5期41卷 1578-1584页

作者：何昱均韩永国张红英西南科技大学计算机科学与技术学院四川绵阳621000 西南科技大学信息工程学院四川绵阳621000

针对面部表情识别在复杂环境中遮挡和姿态变化问题,提出一种稳健的识别模型FFDNet(feature fusion and feature decomposition net)。该算法针对人脸区域尺度的差异,采用多尺度结构进行特征融合,通过细粒度模块分解和细化特征差异,同时... 详细信息

针对面部表情识别在复杂环境中遮挡和姿态变化问题,提出一种稳健的识别模型FFDNet(feature fusion and feature decomposition net)。该算法针对人脸区域尺度的差异,采用多尺度结构进行特征融合,通过细粒度模块分解和细化特征差异,同时使用编码器捕捉具有辨别力和微小差异的特征。此外还提出一种多样性特征损失函数,驱动模型挖掘更丰富的细粒度特征。实验结果显示,FFDNet在RAF-DB和FERPlus数据集上分别获得了88.50%和88.75%的精度,同时在遮挡和姿态变化数据集上的性能都优于一些先进模型。实验结果验证了该算法的有效性。

关键词：表情识别头部姿态特征解耦损失函数

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基于NSGA-Ⅱ的滑油泵叶轮结构优化设计

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中国机械工程 2024年第3期35卷 559-569页

作者：孙永国金欣薛冬单建平石晓春哈尔滨理工大学机械动力工程学院哈尔滨150080 哈尔滨鑫华航空工业股份有限公司哈尔滨150066

滑油泵常需要在高空、低压工况下稳定运转,常会出现供油不足、效率降低等问题。为了得到满足设计要求且具有最佳性能的滑油泵,以某直升机用滑油泵叶轮为研究对象,对其结构进行优化设计。选择高空两个典型工况的效率与扬程作为优化目标,... 详细信息

滑油泵常需要在高空、低压工况下稳定运转,常会出现供油不足、效率降低等问题。为了得到满足设计要求且具有最佳性能的滑油泵,以某直升机用滑油泵叶轮为研究对象,对其结构进行优化设计。选择高空两个典型工况的效率与扬程作为优化目标,利用NSGA-Ⅱ算法对滑油泵叶轮几何参数进行寻优,对优化前后的滑油泵效率、扬程进行对比分析。采用CFD流体仿真及实验方法对优化结果进行对比验证。结果表明:所选优化参数对滑油泵性能有较大影响,优化后的滑油泵叶片位置附近流动更加平稳,高低压区域过渡平缓,能量损失更小,且降低了汽蚀发生的可能性;优化后的滑油泵设计点扬程提高2.6 m,效率提高2.86%。

关键词：滑油泵叶轮优化设计非支配排序遗传算法NSGA-Ⅱ 扬程效率

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沿河自治县2023年鲜食玉米品种比较试验

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广东蚕业 2024年第3期58卷 15-19,24页

作者：田永国贵州省沿河土家族自治县农业技术推广中心贵州铜仁565300

鲜食玉米因生产周期较饲用玉米短,且市场价格比饲用玉米高,被广大农民青睐。根据贵州省农技总站的安排,2023年贵州省沿河土家族自治县农业技术推广中心继续开展了鲜食玉米品种比较试验,由贵州省农技总站提供24个品种进行比对,通过产量... 详细信息

鲜食玉米因生产周期较饲用玉米短,且市场价格比饲用玉米高,被广大农民青睐。根据贵州省农技总站的安排,2023年贵州省沿河土家族自治县农业技术推广中心继续开展了鲜食玉米品种比较试验,由贵州省农技总站提供24个品种进行比对,通过产量和品质分析,筛选出适合沿河土家族自治县生态气候条件产量高、品质优、可推广的鲜食玉米品种。结果表明:京科糯768、国悦甜1号、中苗黑珍珠不仅田间长势好、产量高,而且玉米外观品相好、风味口感俱佳,深受消费者喜欢,适合在该县大面积推广种植。

关键词：沿河县鲜食玉米品种对比试验

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