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50份ICARDA新引进小麦种质资源的综合评价

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作物杂志 2024年第4期 54-61页

作者：宋全昊曹燕威金艳肖永贵宋佳静赵立尚陈杰白冬朱统泉驻马店市农业科学院河南驻马店463000 驻马店市农村社会事业发展服务中心河南驻马店463000 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所北京100081

为了解国际干旱地区农业研究中心(International Centre for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas,ICARDA)小麦种质的遗传多样性及综合特点,明确其在我国黄淮麦区的应用价值,对50份ICARDA新引进小麦资源的株高、穗下节长、穗下茎长、穗... 详细信息

为了解国际干旱地区农业研究中心(International Centre for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas,ICARDA)小麦种质的遗传多样性及综合特点,明确其在我国黄淮麦区的应用价值,对50份ICARDA新引进小麦资源的株高、穗下节长、穗下茎长、穗长、旗叶长、旗叶宽、分蘖数、穗粒数、生物量、产量和千粒重11个农艺和产量性状,以及籽粒水分含量、吸水率、蛋白含量、面筋含量、硬度和沉降值6个品质指标进行综合评价。结果表明,这批资源具有丰富的表型多样性。农艺和产量性状变异系数为7.59%~35.08%,平均值18.87%;多样性指数为1.84~2.08,平均值1.97。品质性状的变异系数为1.11%~10.52%,平均值5.15%;多样性指数为1.76~2.06,平均值1.96。主成分分析表明,前6个主成分构成的信息量为总信息量的79.71%。50份材料聚类为3个类群,类群Ⅰ包含23份资源,占比46.00%;类群Ⅱ包含6份,占比12.00%;类群Ⅲ包含21份,占比42.00%;不同类群之间性状具有较大差异,类群Ⅱ的生物量、产量、分蘖数、穗长和穗粒数最大,蛋白质和面筋含量最高,综合得分F值前4位的ICAR-46、ICAR-135、ICAR-66、ICAR-20均在该类群。明确了该批小麦种质的遗传多样性特点,以及其在农艺、产量及品质方面的利用价值。

关键词：小麦资源评价 ICARDA 农艺性状品质性状

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Development of image-based wheat spike counter through a Faster R-CNN algorithm and application for genetic studies

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The Crop Journal 2022年第5期10卷 1303-1311页

作者： Lei Li Muhammad Adeel Hassan Shurong Yang Furong Jing Mengjiao Yang Awais Rasheed Jiankang Wang Xianchun Xia Zhonghu He yonggui xiao Institute of Crop Sciences National Wheat Improvement CentreChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS)Beijing 100081China Electronic Information School Foshan PolytechnicFoshan 528137GuangdongChina International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre(CIMMYT)China Office c/o CAASBeijing 100081China Department of Plant Sciences Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad 44000Pakistan

Spike number(SN) per unit area is one of the major determinants of grain yield in wheat. Development of high-throughput techniques to count SN from large populations enables rapid and cost-effective selection and facilitates genetic studies. In the present study, we used a deep-learning algorithm, i.e., Faster Region-based Convolutional Neural Networks(Faster R-CNN) on Red-Green-Blue(RGB) images to explore the possibility of image-based detection of SN and its application to identify the loci underlying SN. A doubled haploid population of 101 lines derived from the Yangmai 16/Zhongmai 895 cross was grown at two sites for SN phenotyping and genotyped using the high-density wheat 660 K SNP *** of manual spike number(MSN) in the field, image-based spike number(ISN), and verification of spike number(VSN) by Faster R-CNN revealed significant variation(P < 0.001) among genotypes, with high heritability ranged from 0.71 to 0.96. The coefficients of determination(R^(2)) between ISN and VSN was 0.83, which was higher than that between ISN and MSN(R^(2)= 0.51), and between VSN and MSN(R^(2)= 0.50). Results showed that VSN data can effectively predict wheat spikes with an average accuracy of 86.7% when validated using MSN data. Three QTL ***-4 DS, ***-7 DS, and ***-7 DL were identified based on MSN, ISN and VSN data, while ***-7 DS was detected in all the three data sets. These results indicate that using Faster R-CNN model for image-based identification of SN per unit area is a precise and rapid phenotyping method, which can be used for genetic studies of SN in wheat.

关键词： Deeping learning High-throughput phenotyping QTL mapping RGB imaging

Lodging resistance and yield potential of winter wheat:effect of planting density and genotype

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2015年第2期2卷 168-178页

作者： yonggui xiao Jianjun LIU Haosheng LI Xinyou CAO Xianchun XIA Zhonghu HE Institute of Crop Science National Wheat Improvement CenterChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS)Beijing 100081China Crop Research Institute Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinan 250100China International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT)China Office c/o CAASBeijing 100081China

Improved lodging resistance is important for achieving high yield in irrigated *** study was conducted to determine genotypic variation in lodging resistance and related morphological traits among winter wheat cultivars planted at two densities,and to identify key traits associated with lodging *** performance of 28 genotypes,including 24 released cultivars and four advanced lines,was evaluated at 250 plants per square meter and 500 plants per square meter in Shandong province during the 2008–2009 and 2009–2010 crop *** the higher density,the average grain yield was 2.6%higher,even though lodging score rose by as much as 136%.The higher planting density increased lodging through increased leaf area index(LAI),plant height,center of gravity and length of basal internodes,and reduced grain weight per spike and diameter of the lower two stem ***,center of gravity and diameter of first internodes,as the important indicators for lodging resistance,were significantly correlated with lodging score,with R=0.62,0.59 and–0.52(P<0.01),*** pushing resistance was significantly associated with diameter and length of the first internodes(R=0.71–0.77,P<0.01),indicating it could be used to assess the strength of the lower *** planting density could be used to select genotypes with lodging resistance in irrigated *** carrying high plant density tolerance and high yield potential,such as Jimai 22 and Liangxing 66,were recommended as leading cultivars for production as well as elite crossing parents for further increasing yield potential in the Yellow and Huai Valleys Winter Wheat Zone in China.

关键词： common wheat yield potential lodging performance pushing resistance leaf area index

China-CIMMYT collaboration enhances wheat improvement in China

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2019年第3期6卷 233-239页

作者： Zhonghu HE Xianchun XIA Yong ZHANG Yan ZHANG yonggui xiao Xinmin CHEN Simin LI Yuanfeng HAO Awais RASHEED Zhiyong XIN Qiaosheng ZHUANG Ennian YANG Zheru FAN Jun YAN Ravi SINGH Hans-Joachim BRAUN Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100081China CIMMYT China Office Beijing100081China Crop Research Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengdu610066China Research Institute of Nuclear and Biotechnology Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesUrumqi830091China Cotton Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS)Anyang455000China International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT) Apdo.Postal6-64106600MexicoD.F.Mexico

China and CIMMYT have collaborated on wheat improvement for over 40 years and significant progress has been achieved in five aspects in China.A standardized protocol for testing Chinese noodle quality has been established with three selection criteria, i.e.,gluten quality, starch viscosity and flour color are identified as being responsible for noodle *** approaches have been used to develop and validate genespecific markers, leading to the establishment of a KASP platform, and seven cultivars have been released through application of molecular marker *** for breeding adult-plant resistance to yellow rust, leaf rust and powdery mildew, based on the pleiotropic effect of minor genes has been established, resulting in release of six *** than 330 cultivars derived from CIMMYT germplasm have been released and are now grown over 9% of the Chinese wheat production ***, physiological approaches have been used to characterize yield potential and develop high-efficiency phenotyping *** has also provided valuable training for Chinese *** of climate-resilient cultivars with application of new technology will be the priority for future collaboration.

关键词： adult-plant resistance bread wheat breeding gene-specific marker germplasm exchange processing quality

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康有为“壁中书出自刘歆伪造”说论辩述评

中州学刊 2021年第11期 104-110页

作者：姜广辉肖永贵湖南大学岳麓书院长沙410082

“壁中书”指西汉伏生屋壁所出古文《尚书》,以及鲁恭王坏孔子宅所得古文经典等,是汉代今、古文经学之争的主阵地,是破解汉代经今、古文之争这一学术公案的关键。清末,康有为以今文经学为思想武器倡导变法,著《新学伪经考》,认为“壁中... 详细信息

“壁中书”指西汉伏生屋壁所出古文《尚书》,以及鲁恭王坏孔子宅所得古文经典等,是汉代今、古文经学之争的主阵地,是破解汉代经今、古文之争这一学术公案的关键。清末,康有为以今文经学为思想武器倡导变法,著《新学伪经考》,认为“壁中书”都是刘歆伪造,并从古文《尚书》、古文经典和古文字材料三方面全力证伪,形成了系统的论证逻辑和原则,激起晚清、民国关于经今、古文之争的再认识、再争鸣。既有崔适、钱玄同、顾颉刚等“疑古派”学者推崇与阐扬,也有洪良品、朱一新、符定一、钱穆等驳正者全力批驳,从而瓦解康氏论说。但诸家也有说理不透之处,故本文通过述评的方式,亦述亦评,加以补苴之,期以呈现历史之真相。

关键词：康有为《新学伪经考》壁中书刘歆伪经经今、古文之争

支气管镜联合替加环素对老年重症肺炎患者的疗效及对免疫功能的影响

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河北医药 2023年第5期45卷 740-742,746页

作者：肖永贵米红明汤晓瑞河北省秦皇岛市第二医院呼吸内科 066600 河北省秦皇岛市第二医院康复科 066600

目的研究支气管镜联合替加环素对老年重症肺炎患者的疗效及对免疫功能的影响。方法选取2017年6月至2019年6月就诊的老年重症肺炎患者86例,按照随机数字法分为支气管镜组和联合组,每组43例。2组患者均给予纤维支气管镜灌洗治疗,支气管镜... 详细信息

目的研究支气管镜联合替加环素对老年重症肺炎患者的疗效及对免疫功能的影响。方法选取2017年6月至2019年6月就诊的老年重症肺炎患者86例,按照随机数字法分为支气管镜组和联合组,每组43例。2组患者均给予纤维支气管镜灌洗治疗,支气管镜组给予头孢哌酮舒巴坦治疗,联合组在支气管镜组的基础上给予替加环素治疗,检测免疫功能、肺功能、STREM-1、CRP、HMGB-1水平,统计治疗有效率、并发症发生率。结果2组患者治疗后CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)、CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)、PEF、FVC、MMEF、FEV1高于治疗前,STREM-1、CRP、HMGB-1水平低于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论支气管镜联合替加环素对老年重症肺炎患者治疗效果显著,能有效的提高患者免疫功能,促进肺功能改善,降低炎性反应,提高治疗效率。

关键词：支气管镜替加环素重症肺炎老年人免疫功能

国内露天煤矿抛掷爆破拉斗铲倒堆工艺应用现状及前景

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西安科技大学学报 2024年第2期44卷 236-244页

作者：肖双双竹轩张永贵刘锦西安科技大学能源学院陕西西安710054 北方魏家峁煤电有限责任公司内蒙古鄂尔多斯017000

抛掷爆破拉斗铲倒堆工艺可以减少露天煤矿的设备数量,提升露天煤矿的生产能力,降低剥离费用,较传统的单斗卡车工艺具有明显的技术、经济优势。为进一步推动该工艺在国内的推广应用,阐述了该工艺的发展历程,总结了黑岱沟露天煤矿的应用... 详细信息

抛掷爆破拉斗铲倒堆工艺可以减少露天煤矿的设备数量,提升露天煤矿的生产能力,降低剥离费用,较传统的单斗卡车工艺具有明显的技术、经济优势。为进一步推动该工艺在国内的推广应用,阐述了该工艺的发展历程,总结了黑岱沟露天煤矿的应用情况及哈尔乌素露天煤矿采用抛掷爆破技术处理采空区的经验,分析了该工艺在国内应用面临的问题以及国内外露天煤矿的地质资源条件。结果表明:抛掷爆破拉斗铲倒堆工艺在国内取得了良好的应用效果,下一步需要重点优化抛掷爆破拉斗铲倒堆工艺参数,提高该工艺系统生产效率;与国外采用拉斗铲剥离的矿床特征类似,国内露天煤矿开采的煤层厚度多在25 m以上,主采煤层数多在1~3,煤层倾角多在10°以下,煤层顶板多为泥岩、砂岩等中硬以下岩石,顶板岩石普氏系数多在1~4,国内相当多的露天煤矿具备应用抛掷爆破拉斗铲倒堆工艺的有利条件,抛掷爆破拉斗铲倒堆工艺尤其是抛掷爆破剥离技术在国内露天煤矿具有广阔的应用前景。

关键词：露天煤矿抛掷爆破拉斗铲倒堆工艺应用前景

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基于多源遥感数据和机器学习算法的冬小麦产量预测研究

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麦类作物学报 2022年第11期42卷 1419-1428页

作者：甘甜李雷李红叶宋成阳谢永盾陶志强肖永贵孟亚雄甘肃农业大学农学院甘肃兰州730070 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所北京100081

为探讨基于多源遥感数据和机器学习算法预测冬小麦产量的可行性,利用中麦175/轮选987重组自交系F7代群体中70个家系开展田间试验,通过无人机遥感平台和地面表型车平台及手持式冠层鉴定平台,获取冬小麦灌浆期光谱数据,分别用4种机器学习... 详细信息

为探讨基于多源遥感数据和机器学习算法预测冬小麦产量的可行性,利用中麦175/轮选987重组自交系F7代群体中70个家系开展田间试验,通过无人机遥感平台和地面表型车平台及手持式冠层鉴定平台,获取冬小麦灌浆期光谱数据,分别用4种机器学习方法和集成方法建立产量预测模型。结果表明,在61个光谱指数中,除MCARI、DSI、PVI外,其余指数均与产量显著相关或极显著相关,700 nm和800 nm组合的高光谱指数能够比较准确地预测产量。相对于高光谱和多光谱,RGB传感器预测产量精度最高,平均决定系数(r^(2))为0.74,平均均方根误差(RMSE)为517.78 kg·hm^(-2)。相对于决策树(DT)、随机森林(RF)、支持向量机(SVM)三种传统机器学习算法,岭回归(RR)算法预测产量的精度最高,平均r^(2)为0.73,平均RMSE为516.1 kg·hm^(-2)。与单一的传统机器学习算法相比,DT、RF、SVM、RR结合集成算法的预测精度高且稳定,r^(2)高达0.77,RMSE也较低。SVM、RF、DT、RR四种机器学习算法和RGB、ASD、UAV、UGV四个传感器构成的算法-传感器集成方法的预测精度提升,r^(2)为0.79,RMSE降至469.98 kg·hm^(-2)。因此,利用Stacking集成方法将不同算法、传感器进行结合,能够有效地提高冬小麦产量预测精度。

关键词：遥感冬小麦产量预测机器学习集成学习

水溶性乙烯基单体/戊二醛协同改性杨木的物理力学性能

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林业工程学报 2024年第3期9卷 32-39页

作者：赵怡杰惠春萌于凡钧邱哲肖泽芳王永贵谢延军木质新型材料教育部工程中心(东北林业大学) 哈尔滨150040

速生人工林木具有生长周期短、环境适应性强等显著优势,但其材质较差、尺寸稳定性低等不足限制了其使用范围。以速生大青杨(Populus ussuriensis)木材为研究对象,采用20%质量分数水溶性单体甲基丙烯酸-2-羟乙酯(HEMA)和N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺... 详细信息

速生人工林木具有生长周期短、环境适应性强等显著优势,但其材质较差、尺寸稳定性低等不足限制了其使用范围。以速生大青杨(Populus ussuriensis)木材为研究对象,采用20%质量分数水溶性单体甲基丙烯酸-2-羟乙酯(HEMA)和N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺(NMA)分别与不同质量分数的戊二醛(GA)复合制备改性剂HEMA-GA(HG)、NMA-GA(NG)处理杨木,分析了改性剂在木材中的分布,研究了改性处理对杨木物理力学性能的影响。结果表明,改性材密度、质量增加率、增容率、抗胀缩系数(ASE)随着GA质量分数的提高而增加,药剂流失率则与之呈负相关。当GA质量分数为6%时,HG组试样质量增加率为23.6%时,ASE最高可达49.9%,NG组试样质量增加率为38.6%时,ASE最高可达54.2%。尤其是6%质量分数的GA和HEMA单体复合改性处理的杨木,ASE相较于未加GA时提高了3倍。与素材相比,HG和NG组木材的抗弯强度、抗弯弹性模量都有所提高;HG组木材的冲击韧性有所降低,NG组木材冲击韧性基本不变。研究结果显示,水溶性乙烯基单体与戊二醛协同改性处理能显著改善木材尺寸稳定性,为拓宽速生杨木的应用范围提供了新方案。

关键词：木材改性甲基丙烯酸-2-羟乙酯 N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺戊二醛交联尺寸稳定性