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Innovations and applications of the thermal recovery techniques for heavy oil

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Energy Geoscience

Energy Geoscience 2024年第4期5卷 8-19页

作者： Huanquan Sun Haitao Wang Xulong Cao Qinglin Shu Zheyuan Fan Guanghuan wu Yuanliang Yang yongchao wu China Petroleum&Chemical Corporation Beijing100728China Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute SINOPECBeijing100083China Shengli Oilfield Company DongyingShandong257001China

Heavy oil represents a vital petroleum resource *** one of the major producers,China is facing great challenges in effective and economic production of heavy oil due to reservoir *** of efforts have been made to promote innovative advances in thermal recovery modes,methods,and processes for heavy oil in the *** thermal recovery mode has been shifted from simple steam injection to a more comprehensive“thermal+"strategy,such as a novel N2-steam hybrid process and CO_(2)-enhanced thermal recovery *** advanced techniques break through the challenges of heavy oil extraction from less accessible reservoirs with thinner oil layers and greater burial *** thermal recovery methods,China has developed the steam-assisted gravity drainage method integrating flooding and drainage(also referred to as the hybrid flooding-drainage SAGD technology)for highly heterogeneous ultra-heavy oil reservoirs and the fire flooding method for nearly depleted heavy oil reservoirs,substantially improving oil ***,a range of processes have been developed for heavy oil production,including the open hole completion process using sand control screens for horizontal wells,the process of integrated injection-recovery with horizontal pump for horizontal wells,the steam dryness maintenance,measurement,and control process,efficient and environment-friendly circulating fluidized bed(CFB)boilers with high steam dryness,the recycling process of produced water,and the thermal recovery process for offshore heavy *** on the advances in methodology,technology,and philosophy,a series of supporting technologies for heavy oil production have been developed,leading to the breakthrough of existing technical limit of heavy oil recovery and the expansion into new exploitation *** the future heavy oil production in China,it is necessary to embrace a green,low-carbon,and energy-efficient development strategy,and to expand heavy oil extr

关键词： Heavy oil Thermal recovery Process technology Hybrid thermal production

Kindlin-2 inhibits Nlrp3 inflammasome activation in nucleus pulposus to maintain homeostasis of the intervertebral disc

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Bone Research 2022年第1期10卷 165-177页

作者： Sheng Chen Xiaohao wu Yumei Lai Di Chen Xiaochun Bai Sheng Liu yongchao wu Mingjue Chen Yuxiao Lai Huiling Cao Zengwu Shao Guozhi Xiao Department of Orthopaedics Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022China Department of Biochemistry School of MedicineSouthern University of Science and TechnologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease ResearchShenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell MicroenvironmentShenzhen 518055China Department of Orthopedic Surgery Rush University Medical CenterChicagoIL 60612USA Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China Department of Cell Biology School of Basic Medical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515China Centre for Translational Medicine Research and Development Institute of Biomedical and Health EngineeringShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China

Intervertebral disc(IVD) degeneration(IVDD) is the main cause of low back pain with major social and economic burdens;however, its underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly defined. Here we show that the focal adhesion protein Kindlin-2 is highly expressed in the nucleus pulposus(NP), but not in the anulus fibrosus and the cartilaginous endplates, in the IVD tissues. Expression of Kindlin-2 is drastically decreased in NP cells in aged mice and severe IVDD patients. Inducible deletion of Kindlin-2 in NP cells in adult mice causes spontaneous and striking IVDD-like phenotypes in lumbar IVDs and largely accelerates progression of coccygeal IVDD in the presence of abnormal mechanical stress. Kindlin-2 loss activates Nlrp3 inflammasome and stimulates expression of IL-1β in NP cells, which in turn downregulates Kindlin-2. This vicious cycle promotes extracellular matrix(ECM) catabolism and NP cell apoptosis. Furthermore, abnormal mechanical stress reduces expression of Kindlin-2, which exacerbates Nlrp3 inflammasome activation, cell apoptosis, and ECM catabolism in NP cells caused by Kindlin-2 deficiency. In vivo blocking Nlrp3 inflammasome activation prevents IVDD progression induced by Kindlin-2 loss and abnormal mechanical stress. Of translational significance, adeno-associated virus-mediated overexpression of Kindlin-2 inhibits ECM catabolism and cell apoptosis in primary human NP cells in vitro and alleviates coccygeal IVDD progression caused by mechanical stress in rat. Collectively, we establish critical roles of Kindlin-2 in inhibiting Nlrp3 inflammasome activation and maintaining integrity of the IVD homeostasis and define a novel target for the prevention and treatment of IVDD.

关键词： Kindlin homeostasis prevention

Development of Chuanxiong Toothpaste and Establishment of Its Quality Standard

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China Detergent & Cosmetics 2021年第2期6卷 49-54页

作者： Duan Xin wu Xuemei wu yongchao Yang Yu Hu Changjiang Sichuan Green Herb Technology Development Co. Ltd.China

The quality standard of Chuanxiong toothpaste was *** was used to determine the content of ferulic acid in Chuanxiong toothpaste and TLC was used to identify the Chuanxiong in the *** content of active ingredients extracted from Traditional Chinese medicine by decocting water was high,and the corresponding toothpaste had a good hemostatic *** identification by use of thin layer chromatography(TLC)showed with clear spots and strong specificity for both the test product and the control product(Levistilide A)as observed under ultraviolet light(254 nm)with n-hexane-ethyl acetate(3∶1)as the developing agent,which could be used as the basis for the qualitative identification of Chuanxiong *** ferulic acid in the range of 0.019,3~0.481,7μg mL^(-1) showed a good linear relationship with the peak area and the recovery rate of sample was between 99.5%and 101.2%.This method was simple,stable and reliable,and could be used as the quality control method for ferulic acid in Chuanxiong toothpaste.

关键词： Chuanxiong toothpaste development ferulic acid HPLC TLC quality standard

新中国成立以来卫生防疫政策变迁审视——基于间断均衡理论视角

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经济社会体制比较 2021年第2期 67-76页

作者：武永超华南理工大学公共管理学院华南理工大学社会治理研究中心

卫生防疫政策是公共卫生和健康政策体系的重要组成部分,承担着推进健康治理现代化的历史使命。文章基于间断均衡理论模型,将新中国成立至今70余年的卫生防疫政策变迁历程划分为三个均衡期和一个间断期。研究发现,中国卫生防疫政策变迁... 详细信息

卫生防疫政策是公共卫生和健康政策体系的重要组成部分,承担着推进健康治理现代化的历史使命。文章基于间断均衡理论模型,将新中国成立至今70余年的卫生防疫政策变迁历程划分为三个均衡期和一个间断期。研究发现,中国卫生防疫政策变迁存在明显的长期均衡和短期间断现象,呈现出非线性,伴有偶发性和高度不确定性的特征。卫生防疫政策图景完成了由"物本"向"人本"的历史转换,助推政策场域由封闭走向开放。政治高位强推和焦点事件诱致两个因素借助改变政策场域进而影响政策变迁,但两者的作用机制存在差异。研究不仅检验了间断理论在中国卫生防疫政策中的适用性,还从政策过程视角为卫生防疫决策实践提供了有益的指导。

关键词：卫生防疫政策间断均衡理论政策范式政策变迁

挂牌督办何以有效?——基于38起安全生产事故的fsQCA研究

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中国行政管理 2021年第11期 100-107页

作者：武永超华南理工大学公共管理学院广州510641

挂牌督办制度作为一种新型的运动式治理工具,被广泛应用在安全生产治理领域。但学界对该项制度的有效性何以实现的影响机制却关注甚少。本研究从挂牌督办参与主体复杂行为逻辑出发,提出整合性理论分析框架,基于2010-2020年38起安全生产... 详细信息

挂牌督办制度作为一种新型的运动式治理工具,被广泛应用在安全生产治理领域。但学界对该项制度的有效性何以实现的影响机制却关注甚少。本研究从挂牌督办参与主体复杂行为逻辑出发,提出整合性理论分析框架,基于2010-2020年38起安全生产事故挂牌督办案例,应用模糊集定性比较分析方法探究了实现挂牌督办有效性的核心影响因素及其复杂因果机制。研究发现,科层压力等6个前因条件均不是挂牌督办有效性的必要条件,进一步的组态分析发现,挂牌督办有效性存在8条实现路径和内部主导驱动、外部主导驱动以及内外联合驱动三种驱动模式。研究结论为打开挂牌督办运行"黑箱",改进挂牌督办制度设计实践提供了理论依据和实证支持。

关键词：挂牌督办安全生产有效性模糊集定性比较分析

智慧城市建设能够提升城市韧性吗?--一项准自然实验

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公共行政评论 2021年第4期14卷 25-44,196,197页

作者：武永超华南理工大学公共管理学院

作为一种新型的城市治理模式,智慧城市建设的初衷是解决由于快速城市化而导致的各种城市问题,以此提升城市韧性能力。然而,城市系统能否通过智慧城市建设而变得更具韧性呢?论文基于中国2012年启动的智慧城市建设试点这一准自然实验,运用... 详细信息

作为一种新型的城市治理模式,智慧城市建设的初衷是解决由于快速城市化而导致的各种城市问题,以此提升城市韧性能力。然而,城市系统能否通过智慧城市建设而变得更具韧性呢?论文基于中国2012年启动的智慧城市建设试点这一准自然实验,运用2001—2016年253个地级市的面板数据和双重差分方法首次评估了智慧城市建设对城市韧性的影响,并对其作用机制和异质性进行深入探讨。研究发现:(1)智慧城市建设能够显著提升城市韧性水平,这一结果在经过了反事实检验和多项稳健性检验后依然成立;(2)机制验证表明,智慧城市建设主要借助创新驱动产生的技术效应和结构效应对城市韧性发挥作用;(3)异质性研究表明,人口规模和经济规模越大的城市,其智慧城市建设对城市韧性的改善效应越显著;(4)智慧城市试点政策会与创新型城市等其他政策一道对城市韧性产生叠加效应。研究对指导现实智慧城市建设以及城市韧性治理实践具有重要启示意义。

关键词：智慧城市城市韧性准自然实验韧性治理

农户土地绿色利用的差异化动机研究——基于Q方法的探索性分析

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干旱区资源与环境 2024年第12期38卷 25-32页

作者：武永超王磊西北农林科技大学人文社会发展学院杨凌712100 中央民族大学管理学院北京100081

厘清农户土地绿色利用动机是加快土地资源健康可持续开发利用的微观心理前提。从农户认知视角出发,在系统梳理相关文献的基础上,以轮作方式选择为测试场景,基于5省随机抽取的农户样本,运用Q方法,实证探索了农户土地绿色利用的差异化动... 详细信息

厘清农户土地绿色利用动机是加快土地资源健康可持续开发利用的微观心理前提。从农户认知视角出发,在系统梳理相关文献的基础上,以轮作方式选择为测试场景,基于5省随机抽取的农户样本,运用Q方法,实证探索了农户土地绿色利用的差异化动机。研究发现,现阶段农户存在三种界限分明的土地绿色利用动机:1)以功利逻辑为主导、以利益算计和理性选择为内核的逐利性动机,反映了农户的“经济人”属性。2)以角色逻辑为主导、以角色激励和规范遵循为内核的规范性动机,体现了农户的“社会人”属性。3)以安全逻辑为主导、以风险规避和生计维系为内核的避害性动机,展现了农户的“风险人”属性。农户所显现的这些差异化土地绿色利用动机本质折射的是其多样化和层次性的生存和发展需求。因此,应在精准捕捉农户不同动机和需求前提下,构建差别化土地绿色利用行为调节机制,注重政策工具的统筹搭配和组合应用。

关键词：农户土地绿色利用动机 Q方法轮作农业绿色发展

Biocompatibility of FGL Peptide Self-assembly Nanofibers with Neural Stem Cells in vitro

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Journal of wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2009年第6期24卷 992-996页

作者：张振兴郑启新 Department of Orthopedics Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology

In order to study the biocompatibility of self-assembled FGL peptide nanofibers scaffold with neural stem cells （NSCs）, FGL pepitide-amphiphile （FGL-PA） was synthesized by solid-phase peptide synthesis technique. The diluted hydrochloric acid was added into FGL-PA solution to reduce the PH value and accordingly induce self-assembly. The morphological features of the assembled material were studied by transmission electron microscope. NSCs were cultured and added with self-assembled FGL-PA. CCK-8 kit was used to test its effect on the proliferation of NSCs. The differentiation of NSCs was also tested after FGL-PA assembled material added. The experimental results showed that FGL-PA could be self-assembled to form a hydrogel. TEM analysis showed the self-assembled hydrogel was nanofibers with diameter of 10-20 nm and length of hundreds nanometers. FGL-PA with concentrations of 50,100, or 200 mg/L could promote the proliferation of NSCs, and absorbance of them was increased （P〈0.05）. The rate of neurons differentiated from NSCs was improved greatly by FGL-PA assembled material compared with control （P〈0.05）. The findings suggested that FGL-PA could self-assemble to nanofiber hydrogel, which had good biocompatibility with NSCs.

关键词： peptide nanofiber biomaterial neural stem cell biocompatibility

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台湾存款保险费率制度与经验借鉴

南方金融 2012年第5期 54-56,31页

作者：吴湧超中国人民银行福州中心支行福建福州350003

存款保险制度是维护金融稳定的三大法宝之一。存款保险制度的核心问题是存款保险定价问题,存款保险费率分为单一费率和差别费率。台湾地区较早建立存款保险制度,存款保险费率制度从单一费率演变为差别费率,在存款保险费率定价上积累了... 详细信息

存款保险制度是维护金融稳定的三大法宝之一。存款保险制度的核心问题是存款保险定价问题,存款保险费率分为单一费率和差别费率。台湾地区较早建立存款保险制度,存款保险费率制度从单一费率演变为差别费率,在存款保险费率定价上积累了较成熟的经验。我国亟待实现隐性存款保险向显性存款保险的转变,可以借鉴台湾地区的存款保险费率定价模式,在充分考虑实际情况的基础上,从实施风险差别费率、建立风险评级体系、完善风险费率配套措施等角度着手,设立合适的存款保险费率制度。

关键词：金融稳定存款保险差别费率风险评级