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Effect of changing the proportion of C16:0 and cis-9 C18:1 in fat supplements on rumen fermentation, glucose and lipid metabolism, antioxidation capacity, and visceral fatty acid profile in finishing Angus bulls

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ANIMAL NUTRITION 2024年第3期18卷 39-48页

作者： Bai, Haixin Wang, Lubo Lambo, Modinat Tolani Li, Yang zhang, yonggen Northeast Agr Univ Coll Anim Sci & Technol Harbin 150030 Peoples R China

This study evaluated the effects of different proportions of palmitic (C16:0) and oleic (cis-9 C18:1) acids in fat supplements on rumen fermentation, glucose (GLU) and lipid metabolism, antioxidant function, and visceral fat fatty acid (FA) composition in Angus bulls. The design of the experiment was a randomized block design with 3 treatments of 10 animals each. A total of 30 finishing Angus bulls (21 +/- 0.5 months) with an initial body weight of 626 +/- 69 kg were blocked by weight into 10 blocks, with 3 bulls per block. The bulls in each block were randomly assigned to one of three experimental diets: (1) control diet without additional fat (CON), (2) CON + 2.5% palmitic calcium salt (PA; 90% C16:0), (3) CON + 2.5% mixed FA calcium salts (MA; 60% C16:0 + 30% cis-9 C18:1). Both fat supplements increased C18:0 and cis9 C18:1 in visceral fat (P < 0.05) and up-regulated the expression of liver FA transport protein 5 (FATP5; P < 0.001). PA increased the insulin concentration (P < 0.001) and aspartate aminotransferase activity (AST; P = 0.030) in bull's blood while reducing the GLU concentration (P = 0.009). PA increased the content of triglycerides (TG; P = 0.014) in the liver, the content of the C16:0 in visceral fat (P = 0.004), and weight gain (P = 0.032), and up-regulated the expression of liver diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2; P < 0.001) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1; P < 0.05). MA increased plasma superoxide dismutase activity (SOD; P = 0.011), reduced the concentration of acetate and total volatile FA (VFA) in rumen fluid (P < 0.05), and tended to increase plasma non-esterified FA (NEFA; P = 0.069) concentrations. Generally, high C16:0 fat supplementation increased weight gain in Angus bulls and triggered the risk of fatty liver, insulin resistance, and reduced antioxidant function. These adverse effects were alleviated by partially replacing C16:0 with cis-9 C18:1.

关键词： Palmitic acid Oleic acid Lipid metabolism Lipotoxicity Finishing bull SUBCUTANEOUS ADIPOSE-TISSUE OLEIC-ACID INSULIN-RESISTANCE MILK-PRODUCTION DAIRY-COWS PRODUCTION RESPONSES STEARIC-ACID PALM OIL BODY-FAT LIVER

Current practice in autologous rib and costal-cartilage harvest for rhinoplasty:A systematic review

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Chinese Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 2024年第1期6卷 41-48页

作者： Mengyuan Jiang Haizhong Huo Lu zhang Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Shanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200011China Department of General Surgery Shanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200011China

Background:Autologous costal grafts are used universally in clinical practice for rhinoplasty and ***,surgeons worldwide have not agreed on the details of graft harvesting,including rib selection,side preference,operation mode,cutting methods,and handling of the periosteum and *** study aimed to provide an overview of the novel techniques used for auto-rib harvesting in rhinoplasty within the past 5 years and identify potential avenues for future ***:We searched for related articles in PubMed,Embase,and Web of Science from 2019 to 2023,summa-rized crucial but controversial steps in recent practice,and analyzed their theoretical basis and clinical ***:Auto-rib and cartilage open harvest is still mainstream in rhinoplasty and reconstruction,with the 5th to 8th ribs and cartilage being the most *** laparoscopic harvest is gaining attention,being second only to the open harvest,with the 9th/10th ribs and cartilages being particularly *** clinical applications of full-cut and split-cut methods differ in their *** for some special reasons,almost all studies tended to preserve the periosteum and perichondrium in situ,and few surgeons chose to harvest the grafts on the left ***:Multiple techniques have emerged,requiring surgeons to balance the benefits and risks of various strategies at each *** theories and techniques should be fully tested promptly and in clinical practice before wide ***,a professional consensus is needed for better directivity,precision,and stability in clinical practice.

关键词： Rhinoplasty Autologous graft Cartilage Rib Periosteum Perichondrium

Train wheel-rail force collaborative calibration based on GNN-LSTM

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High-Speed Railway 2024年第2期2卷 85-91页

作者： Changfan zhang Zihao Yu Lin Jia College of Railway Transportation Hunan University of TechnologyZhuzhou 412007China College of Electrical and Information Engineering Hunan University of TechnologyZhuzhou 412007China

Accurate wheel-rail force data serves as the cornerstone for analyzing the wheel-rail ***,achieving continuous and precise measurement of this force remains a significant challenge in the *** article introduces a calibration algorithm for the wheel-rail force that leverages graph neural networks and long short-term memory ***,a comprehensive wheel-rail force detection system for trains was constructed,encompassing two key components:an instrumented wheelset and a ground wheel-rail force measuring ***,utilizing this system,two distinct datasets were acquired from the track inspection vehicle:instrumented wheelset data and ground wheel-rail force data,a feedforward neural network was employed to calibrate the instrumented wheelset data,referencing the ground wheel-rail force ***,ground wheel-rail force data for the locomotive was obtained for the corresponding road *** data was then integrated with the calibrated instrumented wheelset data from the track inspection *** the GNN-LSTM network,the article establishes a mapping relationship model between the wheel-rail force of the track inspection vehicle and the locomotive wheel-rail *** model facilitates continuous measurement of locomotive wheel-rail forces across three typical scenarios:straight sections,long and steep downhill sections,and small curve radius sections.

关键词： Railway Wheel-rail force Deep learning Instrumented wheelset Ground wheel-rail force measuring system

On-Chip Sub-Picometer Continuous Wavelength Fiber-Bragg-Grating Interrogator

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Photonic Sensors 2024年第1期14卷 73-84页

作者： Yuan ZHUANG Jun ZOU Jiqiang zhang Lu zhang Jiahe zhang Leixin MENG Qing YANG Research Center for Humanoid Sensing Zhejiang LabHangzhou 311121China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Hangzhou 310014China State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation College of Optical Science and EngineeringInternational Research Center for Advanced PhotonicsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Miniaturized fiber-Bragg-grating(FBG)interrogators are of interest for applications in the areas where weight and size controlling is important,e.g.,airplanes and aerospace or in-situ *** ultra-compact high-precision on-chip interrogator is proposed based on a tailored arrayed waveguide grating(AWG)on a silicon-on-insulator(SOI)*** on-chip interrogator enables continuous wavelength interrogation from 1544 nm to 1568 nm with the wavelength accuracy of less than 1 pm[the root-mean-square error(RMSE)is 0.73 pm]over the whole wavelength *** chip loss is less than 5 *** 1×16 AWG is optimized to achieve a large bandwidth and a low noise level at each channel,and the FBG reflection peaks can be detected by multiple output channels of the *** fabricated AWG is utilized to interrogate FBG sensors through the center of gravity(CoG)*** validation of an on-chip FBG interrogator that works with sub-picometer wavelength accuracy in a broad wavelength range shows large potential for applications in miniaturized fiber optic sensing systems.

关键词： Fiber optic sensing on-chip interrogator arrayed waveguide grating center of gravity

PPARγ激活和抑制状态下调控IFNβ表达的互作蛋白鉴定与分析

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农业生物技术学报 2024年第5期32卷 1081-1092页

作者：马卓媛杨玢陈云龙樊港吴晓龙王希音华进联王妍张永强张仕强西北农林科技大学动物医学院/陕西省干细胞工程技术研究中心西北农林科技大学家畜生物学重点实验室中国动物卫生与流行病学中心

过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ (peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ, PPARγ)在肺泡巨噬细胞中特异性高表达，具有代谢和免疫调控作用。在先天免疫诱导产生Ⅰ型干扰素过程中，PPARγ究竟与哪些互作蛋白共同参与该过程的调... 详细信息

过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ (peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ, PPARγ)在肺泡巨噬细胞中特异性高表达，具有代谢和免疫调控作用。在先天免疫诱导产生Ⅰ型干扰素过程中，PPARγ究竟与哪些互作蛋白共同参与该过程的调控目前尚不清楚。本研究利用慢病毒载体系统构建了稳定过表达PPARγ-3×Flag的野猪(Sus scrofa)肺细胞系(wild boar lung cell line, WSL)。以该细胞为模型，通过荧光定量PCR检测发现，添加PPARγ激动剂罗格列酮能显著降低双链DNA模拟物Poly (dA:dT)刺激诱发的干扰素β (interferon β, IFNβ)表达水平；相反，添加PPARγ抑制剂T0070907能显著提高Poly (dA:dT)刺激引起的IFNβ表达水平。进一步利用抗Flag蛋白的免疫磁珠富集沉淀调控上述过程的PPARγ-3×Flag蛋白复合物，将细胞质蛋白和细胞核蛋白富集的PPARγ-3×Flag复合物分别消化成肽段，利用液相色谱-串联质谱联用(liquid chromatograph-tandem mass spectrometer, LC-MS/MS)进行检测分析。结果发现，在添加PPARγ激动剂的条件下，与PPARγ特异互作的胞质蛋白有101个，胞核蛋白有95个；在添加PPARγ抑制剂的条件下，与PPARγ特异互作的胞质蛋白有24个，胞核蛋白有14个。GO和KEGG分析表明，与PPARγ特异互作的胞质蛋白和核蛋白均与翻译调控相关。本研究为深入探究PPARγ调控IFNβ表达机制提供了新线索。

关键词：过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ(PPARγ) 干扰素β (IFNβ) 免疫沉淀-质谱联用先天免疫翻译调控

A Dynamic Network Game of the Fintech Industry

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2024年第1期12卷 5-33页

作者： David W.K.Yeung Leon A.Petrosyan Ying-Xuan zhang SRS Consortium for Advanced Study in Cooperative Dynamic Games Shue Yan UniversityHong KongChina Center of Game Theory St Petersburg State UniversitySaint PetersburgRussia Department of Finance Asia UniversityTaichung CityTaiwanChina Faculty of Applied Mathematics-Control Processes and Center of Game Theory St Petersburg StateUniversitySaint PetersburgRussia

Economies of scale,economies of scope,and technology spillover are decisive eco-nomic elements that are crucial to the development in the Fintech *** externalities are often realized through network *** this paper,we presenta dynamic network ofﬁnancialﬁrms which exhibits these decisive *** game equilibria are characterized.A Pareto efﬁcient solution involving col-laboration of allﬁrms is *** obtain a fair-share distribution of cooperativegains,the Shapley value is adopted as the sharing *** distributionmechanisms which guarantee the fulﬁlment of the Shapley value distribution in eachstage of the cooperation duration are derived.

关键词： Network game Network equilibria Shapley value Pareto efﬁcientcooperation

Applications of single-cell RNA sequencing in spermatogenesis and molecular evolution

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Zoological Research 2024年第3期45卷 575-585页

作者： Wen-Bo Chen Meng-Fei zhang Fan Yang Jin-Lian Hua College of Veterinary Medicine Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering&TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China

Spermatogenic cell heterogeneity is determined by the complex process of spermatogenesis ***,effectively revealing the regulatory mechanisms underlying mammalian spermatogenic cell development and differentiation via traditional methods is *** in technology have led to the emergence of many single-cell transcriptome sequencing protocols,which have partially addressed these *** this review,we detail the principles of 10x Genomics technology and summarize the methods for downstream analysis of single-cell transcriptome sequencing ***,we explore the role of single-cell transcriptome sequencing in revealing the heterogeneity of testicular ecological niche cells,delineating the establishment and disruption of testicular immune homeostasis during human spermatogenesis,investigating abnormal spermatogenesis in humans,and,ultimately,elucidating the molecular evolution of mammalian spermatogenesis.

关键词： Single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq) Spermatogenesis Molecular evolution Sertoli cell

Integrated strategy for real-time wind power fluctuation mitigation and energy storage system control

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Global Energy Interconnection 2024年第1期7卷 71-81页

作者： Yu zhang yongkang zhang Tiezhou Wu Hubei University of Technology Hubei Key Laboratory of Solar Energy Efficient Utilization and Energy Storage Operation ControlHubeiWuhan 430068P.R.China

To address the impact of wind-power fluctuations on the stability of power systems,we propose a comprehensive approach that integrates multiple strategies and methods to enhance the efficiency and reliability of a ***,we employ a strategy that restricts long-and short-term power output deviations to smoothen wind power fluctuations in real ***,we adopt the sliding window instantaneous complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise(SW-ICEEMDAN)strategy to achieve real-time decomposition of the energy storage power,facilitating internal power distribution within the hybrid energy storage ***,we introduce a rule-based multi-fuzzy control strategy for the secondary adjustment of the initial power allocation commands for different energy storage *** simulation validation,we demonstrate that the proposed comprehensive control strategy can smoothen wind power fluctuations in real time and decompose energy storage *** with traditional empirical mode decomposition(EMD),ensemble empirical mode decomposition(EEMD),and complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise(CEEMDAN)decomposition strategies,the configuration of the energy storage system under the SW-ICEEMDAN control strategy is more ***,the state-of-charge of energy storage components fluctuates within a reasonable range,enhancing the stability of the power system and ensuring the secure operation of the energy storage system.

关键词： SW-ICEEMDAN HESS Real-time smoothing Rule-based multi-fuzzy control SoC

不同成土模式下黑土有机质热稳定性剖面分异特征

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土壤学报 2024年第3期61卷 662-673页

作者：龚可杨杨飞隆浩谷俊张甘霖土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所) 南京210008 中国科学院大学北京100049 湖泊与环境国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所) 南京210008 中国科学院流域地理学重点实验室(中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所) 南京210008

土壤有机质(soil organic matter,SOM)含量及其稳定性是评价土壤质量的重要指标,热重分析法在反映SOM含量与热稳定性方面显示出了较好的潜力而受到重视。探究不同成土模式下黑土SOM热稳定性在剖面尺度的分异规律及影响因素,可以为黑土... 详细信息

土壤有机质(soil organic matter,SOM)含量及其稳定性是评价土壤质量的重要指标,热重分析法在反映SOM含量与热稳定性方面显示出了较好的潜力而受到重视。探究不同成土模式下黑土SOM热稳定性在剖面尺度的分异规律及影响因素,可以为黑土资源保护与碳固定提供理论参考。本研究在东北典型黑土区采集了相对稳定地形条件下(平坦)自然发育的3个典型黑土剖面和非稳定地形条件下(有地表侵蚀和沉积)受侵蚀堆积过程影响的2个黑土剖面,采用热重分析法,基于不同温度区间的质量损失,分别以Exo1(200~350℃区间的质量损失)和Exo2(350~550℃区间质量损失)代表热易分解SOM和热稳定SOM,以微分热重曲线及热重参数指标(Exo1/Exo2和TG-T50)表征不同土壤剖面的SOM热稳定性分异特征,并结合傅里叶红外光谱讨论了SOM化学稳定性剖面分异特征。结果表明:稳定地形下自然发育的黑土,热易分解SOM(Exo1)含量相较于热稳定SOM(Exo2)含量随深度下降更快,Exo1/Exo2随深度减小,TG-T50随深度增加,脂肪族碳/芳香族碳减少,SOM稳定性随深度增加。非稳定地形条件下,黑土SOM热稳定性并未随深度表现出规律性下降趋势,存在深层SOM含量和Exo1/Exo2高于表层的现象,这主要是由于复杂的地表历史过程导致母质和SOM来源不同。本研究证实了热重分析法在反映SOM稳定性方面的适用性。黑土中SOM稳定性的剖面变化在很大程度上受成土模式的制约,而成土模式与地貌稳定性密切相关。侵蚀过程携带的大量热易分解SOM在坡面下部及流域沉积地形部位堆积,由于埋藏作用,这些热易分解SOM可以长期存在于深层土壤中。然而,非稳定地形区域一旦再遭侵蚀,这些埋藏的不稳定SOM很可能再次启动分解过程,同样可以导致大量埋藏的“老碳”被释放,成为黑土区碳排放的“热点”。

关键词：黑土热重分析热易分解有机质热稳定有机质