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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2264-2278页

作者： You Wu Lijie Yang Wanrong Jiang Xinyuan Zhang Zhaohui yao Department of Geriatrics Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

Alzheimer's disease poses a significant global health challenge owing to the progressive cognitive decline of patients and absence of curative *** current therapeutic strategies,primarily based on cholinesterase inhibitors and N-methyl-Daspartate receptor antagonists,offer limited symptomatic relief without halting disease progression,highlighting an urgent need for novel research directions that address the key mechanisms underlying Alzheimer's *** studies have provided insights into the critical role of glycolysis,a fundamental energy metabolism pathway in the brain,in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's *** in glycolytic processes within neurons and glial cells,including microglia,astrocytes,and oligodendrocytes,have been identified as significant contributors to the pathological landscape of Alzheimer's *** changes impact neuronal health and function,thus offering promising targets for therapeutic *** purpose of this review is to consolidate current knowledge on the modifications in glycolysis associated with Alzheimer's disease and explore the mechanisms by which these abnormalities contribute to disease onset and *** focus on the pathways through which glycolytic dysfunction influences Alzheimer's disease pathology should provide insights into potential therapeutic targets and strategies that pave the way for groundbreaking treatments,emphasizing the importance of understanding metabolic processes in the quest for clarification and management of Alzheimer's disease.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease glial cells glycolysis neuronal metabolism pathogenesis therapeutic targets

Enhanced risk assessment framework integrating distribution dynamics, genetically inferred populations, and morphological traits of Diploderma lizards

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Zoological Research 2025年第01期 15-26页

作者： Qi Xiao Xiu-Dong Shi lin Shi Zhong-Yi yao You-Hua Chen Wei-Zhao Yang Zi-Yan Liao Yin Qi Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Mangkang Ecological Station Xizang Ecological Safety Monitor Network

Assessing the threat status of species in response to global change is critical for biodiversity monitoring and conservation efforts. However, current frameworks, even the IUCN Red List, often neglect critical factors such as genetic diversity and the impacts of climate and land-use changes, hindering effective conservation planning. To address these limitations, we developed an enhanced extinction risk assessment framework using Diploderma lizards as a model. This framework incorporates long-term field surveys, environmental data, and land-use information to predict distributional changes for 10 recently described Diploderma species on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, which hold ecological significance but remain underassessed in conservation assessment. By integrating the distribution data and genetically inferred effective population sizes(Ne), we conducted scenario analyses and used a rank-sum approach to calculate Risk ranking scores(RRS) for each species. This approach revealed significant discrepancies with the IUCN Red List assessments. Notably, D. yangi and D. qilin were identified as facing the highest extinction risk. Furthermore, D. vela,D. batangense, D. flaviceps, D. dymondi, D. yulongense,and D. laeviventre, currently classified as “Least Concern”,were found to warrant reclassification as “Vulnerable” due to considerable threat from projected range *** the relationship between morphology and RRS revealed that traits such as snout-vent length and relative tail length could serve as potential predictors of extinction risk, offering preliminary metrics for assessing species vulnerability when comprehensive data are *** study enhances the precision of extinction risk assessment frameworks and demonstrates their capacity to refine and update risk assessments, especially for lesser-known taxa.

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The gut-eye axis:from brain neurodegenerative diseases to age-related macular degeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2741-2757页

作者： Qianzi Jin Suyu Wang Yujia yao Qin Jiang Keran Li Department of Ophthalmology The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina

Age-related macular degeneration is a serious neurodegenerative disease of the retina that significantly impacts ***,the specific pathogenesis remains unclear,and effective early treatment options are consequently *** microbiome is defined as a large ecosystem of microorganisms living within and coexisting with a *** intestinal microbiome undergoes dynamic changes owing to age,diet,genetics,and other *** dysregulation of the intestinal flora can disrupt the microecological balance,resulting in immunological and metabolic dysfunction in the host,and affecting the development of many *** recent decades,significant evidence has indicated that the intestinal flora also influences systems outside of the digestive tract,including the ***,several studies have demonstrated the critical role of the gut-brain axis in the development of brain neurodegenerative diseases,including Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s ***,the role of the“gut-eye axis”has been confirmed to play a role in the pathogenesis of many ocular ***,age-related macular degeneration and many brain neurodegenerative diseases have been shown to share several risk factors and to exhibit comparable *** such,the intestinal flora may play an important role in age-related macular *** the above context,the present review aims to clarify the gut-brain and gut-eye connections,assess the effect of intestinal flora and metabolites on age-related macular degeneration,and identify potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic ***,direct research on the role of intestinal flora in age-related macular degeneration is still relatively limited,while studies focusing solely on intestinal flora are insufficient to fully elucidate its functional role in age-related macular ***-on-a-chip technology has shown promise in clarifying the gut-eye interactions,while integrating analysis of the inte

关键词： age-related macular degeneration biological agents blinding eye disease dietary nutrition fecal microbial transplantation gut-eye axis intestinal flora metabolite microecology neurodegenerative disease

Graphene/F_(16)CuPc synaptic transistor for the emulation of multiplexed neurotransmission

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Journal of Semiconductors 2025年第1期46卷 215-223页

作者： Zhipeng Xu yao Ni Mingxin Sun Yiming Yuan Ning Wu Wentao Xu Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of TianjinCollege of Electronic Information and Optical EngineeringEngineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic Technology of Ministry of EducationNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Shenzhen Research Institute of Nankai University Shenzhen 518000China Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center Nankai UniversityTianjin 300350China School of Integrated Circuits Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China

We demonstrate a bipolar graphene/F_(16)CuPc synaptic transistor(GFST)with matched p-type and n-type bipolar properties,which emulates multiplexed neurotransmission of the release of two excitatory neurotransmitters in graphene and F_(16)CuPc channels,*** process facilitates fast-switching plasticity by altering charge carriers in the separated *** complementary neural network for image recognition of Fashion-MNIST dataset was constructed using the matched relative amplitude and plasticity properties of the GFST dominated by holes or electrons to improve the weight regulation and recognition accuracy,achieving a pattern recognition accuracy of 83.23%.These results provide new insights to the construction of future neuromorphic systems.

关键词： synaptic transistor dual excitatory channels fast-switching plasticity multiplexed neurotransmission

On load dependence of detachment rate of kinesin motor

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Chinese Physics B 2025年第1期34卷 498-505页

作者： Xiao-Xuan Shi yao Wang Yu-Ru Liu Ping Xie School of Pharmaceutical Engineering Chongqing Chemical Industry Vocational CollegeChongqing 401220China Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Kinesin is an archetypal microtubule-based molecular motor that can generate force to transport cargo in cells. The load dependence of the detachment rate is an important factor of the kinesin motor, the determination of which is critically related to the chemomechanical coupling mechanism of the motor. Here, we use three models for the load dependence of the detachment rate of the kinesin motor to study theoretically and numerically the maximal force generated and microtubuleattachment duration of the motor. By comparing the theoretical and numerical results with the available experimental data,we show that only one model can explain well the available experimental data, indicating that only this model can be applicable to the kinesin motor.

关键词： kinesin detachment rate generated force chemomechanical coupling mechanism optical trapping

RGS4 promotes the progression of gastric cancer through the focal adhesion kinase/phosphatidyl-inositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal transition

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第2期31卷 113-127页

作者： Peng-Yu Chen Pei-yao Wang Bang Liu Yang-Pu Jia Zhao-Xiong Zhang Xin Liu Dao-Han Wang yong-Jia Yan Wei-Hua Fu Feng Zhu Department of General Surgery Tianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300052China Department of General Surgery Jincheng People’s HospitalJincheng 048000Shanxi ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Regulator of G protein signaling(RGS)proteins participate in tumor formation and metastasis by acting on theα-subunit of heterotrimeric G *** speci-fic effect of RGS,particularly RGS4,on the progression of gastric cancer(GC)is not yet *** To explore the role and underlying mechanisms of action of RGS4 in GC *** The prognostic significance of RGS4 in GC was analyzed using bioinformatics based public databases and verified by immunohistochemistry and quantitative polymerase chain reaction in 90 patients with *** assays were employed to assess the carcinogenic impact of RGS4,and the mechanism of its possible influence was detected by western blot analysis.A nude mouse xenograft model was established to study the effects of RGS4 on GC growth in *** RGS4 was highly expressed in GC tissues compared with matched adjacent normal *** RGS4 expression was correlated with increased tumor-node-metastasis stage,increased tumor grade as well as poorer overall survival in patients with *** experiments demonstrated that RGS4 knockdown suppressed GC cell proliferation,migration and ***,xenograft experiments confirmed that RGS4 silencing significantly inhibited tumor ***,RGS4 knockdown resulted in reduced phosphorylation levels of focal adhesion kinase,phosphatidyl-inositol-3-kinase,and protein kinase B,decreased vimentin and N-cadherin,and elevated *** High RGS4 expression in GC indicates a worse prognosis and RGS4 is a prognostic ***4 influences tumor progression via the focal adhesion kinase/phosphatidyl-inositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

关键词： Gastric cancer Prognosis Regulator of G protein signaling 4 Focal adhesion kinase Epithelial-mesenchymal transition

Effect of Parameter Variation in the BMJ Scheme on the Simulation of MJO Propagation and Structure

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2025年第2期42卷 397-409页

作者： Xiaoyu ZHU Zhong ZHONG Yimin ZHU Yunying LI Yijia HU yao HA College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Key Laboratory for Virtual Geographic Environment School of Geography ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Climate Change School of Atmospheric SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

In this study,the Betts-Miller-Janjic(BMJ)convective adjustment scheme in the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)model version 4.0 was used to investigate the effect of itsα-parameter,which influences the first-guess potential temperature reference profile on the Madden-Julian oscillation(MJO)propagation and *** study diagnosed the MJO active phase composites of the MJO-filtered outgoing longwave radiation(OLR)during the December-to-February(DJF)period of 2006-2016 over the Indian Ocean(IO),Maritime Continent(MC),and western Pacific(WP).The results show that the MJO-filtered OLR intensity,propagation pattern,and MJO classification(standing,jumping,and propagating clusters)are sensitive to theα-value,but the phase speeds of propagating MJOs are ***,with an increasingα-value,the simulated MJO-filtered OLR intensity increases,and the simulated propagation pattern is *** also show that the intensity and propagation pattern of an eastward-propagating MJO are associated with MJO circulation structures and thermodynamic ***αincreases,the front Walker cell and the low-level easterly anomaly are enhanced,which premoistens the lower troposphere and triggers more active shallow and congestus *** enhanced shallow and congestus convection preconditions the lower to middle troposphere,accelerating the transition from congestus to deep convection,thereby facilitating eastward propagation of the ***,the simulated MJO tends to transfer from standing to eastward propagating asα*** summary,increasing theα-value is a possible way to improve the simulation of the structure and propagation of the MJO.

关键词： MJO WRF model BMJ scheme low-level easterly anomaly

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北京山前典型细粒子污染过程的气象条件分析

环境科学研究 2009年第9期22卷 1013-1020页

作者：康娜辛金元蔺永耀苏福庆王跃思中国科学院大气物理研究所北京100029 中国环境科学研究院北京100012 阳泉市气象局山西阳泉045000

可吸入颗粒物(PM10)是近年来北京地区冬季首要污染物,其中细粒子(PM2.5)污染受到广泛关注,由于该地区具有山前地区的地形和气象条件,使其细粒子污染更具区域代表性.对2007年12月北京出现的4次细粒子污染过程及气象条件进行了分析,结果表... 详细信息

可吸入颗粒物(PM10)是近年来北京地区冬季首要污染物,其中细粒子(PM2.5)污染受到广泛关注,由于该地区具有山前地区的地形和气象条件,使其细粒子污染更具区域代表性.对2007年12月北京出现的4次细粒子污染过程及气象条件进行了分析,结果表明:细粒子山前累积/清除时间,ρ(PM2.5)峰值均与气象条件相关;12月23─26日的3 d连续累积,使26日的ρ(PM2.5)日均值达到313.4μg/m3,是国家ρ(PM10)二级标准〔环境空气质量标准(GB3095─1996)〕(150μg/m3)的2.1倍,超过世界卫生组织ρ(PM2.5)日均指导值(25μg/m3)的11倍;持续的偏南风和边界层底层局地性环流,使得京津冀南部区域细粒子以日均96.7μg/m3的高值累积在北京山前地区,造成了12月23—31日具有代表性的北京冬季严重细粒子污染.

关键词：北京 PM2.5 污染气象模拟

A Hybrid Approach for Pavement Crack Detection Using Mask R-CNN and Vision Transformer Model

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 561-577页

作者： Shorouq Alshawabkeh Li Wu Daojun Dong yao Cheng Liping Li Faculty of Engineering China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China

Detecting pavement cracks is critical for road safety and infrastructure *** methods,relying on manual inspection and basic image processing,are time-consuming and prone to *** deep-learning(DL)methods automate crack detection,but many still struggle with variable crack patterns and environmental *** study aims to address these limitations by introducing the Masker Transformer,a novel hybrid deep learning model that integrates the precise localization capabilities of Mask Region-based Convolutional Neural Network(Mask R-CNN)with the global contextual awareness of Vision Transformer(ViT).The research focuses on leveraging the strengths of both architectures to enhance segmentation accuracy and adaptability across different pavement *** evaluated the performance of theMaskerTransformer against other state-of-theartmodels such asU-Net,TransformerU-Net(TransUNet),U-NetTransformer(UNETr),SwinU-NetTransformer(Swin-UNETr),You Only Look Once version 8(YoloV8),and Mask R-CNN using two benchmark datasets:Crack500 and *** findings reveal that the MaskerTransformer significantly outperforms the existing models,achieving the highest Dice SimilarityCoefficient(DSC),precision,recall,and F1-Score across both ***,the model attained a DSC of 80.04%on Crack500 and 91.37%on DeepCrack,demonstrating superior segmentation accuracy and *** high precision and recall rates further substantiate its effectiveness in real-world applications,suggesting that the Masker Transformer can serve as a robust tool for automated pavement crack detection,potentially replacing more traditional methods.

关键词： Pavement crack segmentation transportation deep learning vision transformer Mask R-CNN image segmentation

带有输出约束的液压机械臂自适应神经网络力跟踪控制

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控制理论与应用 2025年第1期42卷 138-148页

作者：梁相龙姚建勇南京理工大学机械工程学院江苏南京210094

为解决带有输出约束的液压机械臂动力学模型未知问题并提升液压机械臂在未知环境下的力跟踪性能,本文提出了一种基于积分障碍李雅普诺夫函数的自适应神经网络导纳控制方法.首先,分析了液压机械臂的机械和液压系统动力学模型,根据阻抗控... 详细信息

为解决带有输出约束的液压机械臂动力学模型未知问题并提升液压机械臂在未知环境下的力跟踪性能,本文提出了一种基于积分障碍李雅普诺夫函数的自适应神经网络导纳控制方法.首先,分析了液压机械臂的机械和液压系统动力学模型,根据阻抗控制原理,提出了基于环境参数估计的参考轨迹自适应生成方法;然后,考虑系统输出受限和机械系统动力学模型未知,利用径向基函数神经网络设计自适应神经网络控制器;同时,引入动态面控制方法以避免对虚拟信号进行直接求导,并通过李雅普诺夫方法分析了闭环控制系统的稳定性;最后,利用MATLAB/Simulink,Simscape Multibody和Simscape Fluids仿真平台对液压机械臂进行仿真研究,结果表明所设计的控制律对未知机械系统动力学具有良好的鲁棒性,可以实现良好的位置和力跟踪控制,且确保系统输出不超过预设的范围.

关键词：液压机械臂导纳控制动态面控制神经网络力跟踪控制未知环境