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Alanyl-glutamine dipeptide inhibits hepatic ischemiareperfusion injury in rats

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第9期12卷 1373-1378页

作者： Chang-Jun Jia Chao-Liu Dai xu Zhang Kai Cui Feng xu yong-qing xu Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Shengjing Hospital China Medical University Shenyang 110004 Liaoning Province China Department of General Surgery Fengtian Hospital Shenyang Medical University Shenyang 110024 Liaoning Province China

AIM： To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of alanyl-glutamine dipeptide （Ala-GIn） against hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. METHODS： Rats were divided into group C as normal control Group （/7=16） and group G as alanyl-glutamine pretreatment 07=16）. Rats were intravenously infused with 0.9% saline solution in group C and Ala-GIn -enriched （2% glutamine） 0.9% saline solution in group G via central venous catheter for three days. Then all rats underwent hepatic warm ischemia for 30 min followed by different periods of reperfusion. Changes in biochemical parameters, the content of glutathione （GSH） and the activity of superoxide dismutase （SOD） in liver tissue, Bcl-2 and Bax protein expression and morphological changes of liver tissue were compared between both groups. RESULTS： One hour after reperfusion, the levels of liver enzymes in group G were significantly lower than those in group C （P〈0.05）. Twenty-four hours after reperfusion, the levels of liver enzymes in both groups were markedly recovered and the levels of liver enzyme in group G were also significantly lower than those in group C （P〈0.01）. One and 24 h after reperfusion, GSH content in group G was significantly higher than that in group C （P 〈0.05）. There was no statistical difference in activities of SOD between the two groups. One and 24 h after reperfusion, the positive expression rate of Bcl-2 protein was higher in group G than in group C （P〈0.05） and the positive expression rate of Bax protein was lower in group G than in group C （P〈0.05）. Histological and ultrastructural changes of liver tissue were inhibited in group C compared to group G. CONCLUSION： Our results suggest that Ala-GIn pretreatment provides the rat liver with significant tolerance to warm ischemia-reperfusion injury, which may be mediated partially by enhancing GSH content and regulating the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins in the liver tissue.

关键词： Alanine Transaminase Animals Dipeptides Glutathione Immunohistochemistry L-Lactate Dehydrogenase Liver Male Microscopy, Electron Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 Rats Rats, Wistar Reperfusion Injury Superoxide Dismutase bcl-2-Associated X Protein

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The instability of wrist joint and total wrist replacement

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2016年第1期19卷 49-51页

作者： Jin-Xing Ma yong-qing xu Department of Orthopedic Surgery Kunming General Hospital Chengdu Military Region Kunming 650032 China Kunming Medical University Kunming 650500 China

Total wrist arthroplasty are not used as widely as total knee and hip replacement. The functional hands are requiring surgeons to design a durable and functional satisfying prosthesis. This article will list the main reasons that cause the failure of the prosthesis. Some remarkable and representative prostheses are listed to show the devolvement of total wrist prosthesis and their individual special innovations to fix the problems. And the second part we will discuss the part that biomechanical elements act in the total wrist replacement （TWA）. Summarize and find out what the real problem is and how we can find a way to fix it.

关键词： Total wrist replacement Rheumatoid arthritis Instability Prosthesis Biomechanics

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The first metatarsal web space: its applied anatomy and usage in tracing the first dorsal metatarsal artery in thumb reconstruction

The first metatarsal web space: its applied anatomy and usag...

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第三届全军创伤骨科学术大会

作者： yong-qing xu Yue-Liang Zhu Orthopedic Department Kunming General Hospital of PLA

Objective To clarify the anatomy of the first toe webbing space for harvest of the second toe in thumb *** The first dorsal metatarsal artery,the first deep transverse metatarsal ligament and the extensor expansion were observed on 42 adult cadaveric *** the method of tracing the first dorsal metatarsal artery around the space of the extensor expansion was used in 36 cases of thumbs *** The distal segments of the first dorsal metatarsal artery of Gilbert type I and type II were located superficially to the extensor *** harvesting time of a toe was shortened from 90 minutes to 50 minutes with100%survival of the *** The distal segment of the first dorsal metatarsal artery lies constantly at the superficial layer of the extensor *** of the first metatarsal arteries of Gilbert type I and Gilbert type II can be easily located via the combined sequential and reverse dissection around the space of the extensor expansion.

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Cervical spinal canal stenosis caused by degenerative necrosis of the ligamentum flavum

Cervical spinal canal stenosis caused by degenerative necros...

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第三届全军创伤骨科学术大会

作者： Tai-Bang Chen xun Tang yong-qing xu Jing Din Jing Li Department of Orthopedics Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command

The authors reported one case of degeneration of the ligamentum flavum causing cervical spinal canal *** the morphological observation,lesions is different from intraspinal cervical degenerateve cyst and amyloidosis of the yellow *** examination displayed fibre hyperplasia with degeneration *** pathogenesis of lession is not fully understood as yet.

关键词： synovial cyst ligamentum flavum cyst ganglion cyst degenerative necrosis

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Trinuclear gold-catalyzed site-selective alkylation of peptides

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 249-256页

作者： qing-Yun Fang Chengyihan Gu Yinghan Chen Wencheng Yan yong Liang Weipeng Li Chengjian Zhu Jie Han Jin Xie State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (Chem BIC) School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Green Catalysis Center College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University

Selective modification of peptides has always been a challenging issue. The selective alkylation of peptides can alter the biological activity and physical properties of molecules, and it has gained significant research interest. We herein disclose an intriguing gold-catalyzed alkylation of peptides using bench-stable unactivated alkyl bromides under photoredox catalysis. A wide range of structurally diverse primary, secondary and tertiary alkyl bromides serve as effective coupling partners to precisely connect with the α-C(sp3)–H in glycine residue of peptides. This protocol demonstrates an exceptionally broad scope for alkyl halides and excellent tolerance for a wide range of useful functional groups. A series of relay transformations to construct cyclic peptides, to proceed click reaction and to realize peptide fluorescence labeling further enhance its synthetic practicality. In addition, mechanistic studies and density functional theory(DFT) calculations reveal an inner-sphere and subsequent outersphere single electron transfer(SET) mechanism.

关键词： gold catalysis peptide alkylation C-C coupling radical

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单侧椎板间扩大开窗所获自体骨行腰椎椎间融合的可行性

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中国脊柱脊髓杂志 2017年第2期27卷 142-148页

作者：杨勇王清徐双王松西南医科大学附属医院脊柱外科四川省泸州市646000 成都双楠医院骨科四川省成都市610041

目的:观察后路腰椎椎体间融合术(posterior lumbar interbody fusion,PLIF)术中单侧椎板间开窗所获局部颗粒状自体骨的质量和体积,探讨应用该自体骨行腰椎椎间植骨融合的可行性。方法:2011年1月~2012年12月在PLIF术中采用自行设计的椎... 详细信息

目的:观察后路腰椎椎体间融合术(posterior lumbar interbody fusion,PLIF)术中单侧椎板间开窗所获局部颗粒状自体骨的质量和体积,探讨应用该自体骨行腰椎椎间植骨融合的可行性。方法:2011年1月~2012年12月在PLIF术中采用自行设计的椎板间扩大开窗所获骨粒联合单枚cage支撑植骨、椎弓根螺钉系统内固定治疗退变性下腰椎疾病107例。其中男52例,女55例。年龄26~75岁(52.8±9.0岁)。病程6~240个月(69.9±70.7个月)。将单侧椎板间开窗作为一个开窗单位,术中将开窗所获骨制作成直径2~3mm骨粒并测量质量和体积;记录融合椎间隙使用cage高度;术后CT扫描测量手术椎间隙的终板面积、植骨区域面积,计算植骨接触面与终板面积百分比;三维CT判断术后3、6、12、24个月时植骨融合情况;比较术前和术后3、6、12、24个月时JOA评分。结果:107例患者共113个节段进行手术,每个开窗单位可获得2.8~4.4g(3.7±0.3g)、2.6~4.2cm3(3.1±0.3cm3)的颗粒骨。不同年龄、性别、节段和病种间所获骨量无统计学差异(P>0.05)。CT测量终板面积和术中使用cage高度在L4/5和L5/S1椎间隙无统计学差异(P>0.05)。联合单枚cage,椎间植骨区域与终板接触面积可达38%椎间隙填充。达到30%的椎间支撑植骨填充所需骨粒量为3.0g(2.5cm3)。94例患者(98个融合节段)获得24~28个月(24.3±5.9个月)随访,术后24个月时JOA评分总体改善率为65%~100%[(83.5±7.7)%],椎体间植骨融合率为97.9%。未发现内固定松动、断裂和cage沉降。结论:在PLIF术中采用单侧椎板间扩大开窗术式可获得大于2.5cm3的局部自体骨粒,获得的局部自体骨联合单枚cage能够满足椎间融合植骨的骨量要求,从而避免了使用其他植骨材料的相关并发症,节约治疗经费。

关键词：腰椎间融合术局部自体骨骨移植量化单侧开窗

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Characteristic changes in astrocyte properties during astrocyte-to-neuron conversion induced by NeuroD1/Ascl1/Dlx2

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1801-1815页

作者： qing He Zhen Wang Yuchen Wang Mengjie Zhu Zhile Liang Kanghong Zhang Yuge xu Gong Chen GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Direct in vivo conversion of astrocytes into functional new neurons induced by neural transcription factors has been recognized as a potential new therapeutic intervention for neural injury and degenerative disorders. However, a few recent studies have claimed that neural transcription factors cannot convert astrocytes into neurons, attributing the converted neurons to pre-existing neurons mis-expressing transgenes. In this study, we overexpressed three distinct neural transcription factors––NeuroD1, Ascl1, and Dlx2––in reactive astrocytes in mouse cortices subjected to stab injury, resulting in a series of significant changes in astrocyte properties. Initially, the three neural transcription factors were exclusively expressed in the nuclei of astrocytes. Over time, however, these astrocytes gradually adopted neuronal morphology, and the neural transcription factors was gradually observed in the nuclei of neuron-like cells instead of astrocytes. Furthermore,we noted that transcription factor-infected astrocytes showed a progressive decrease in the expression of astrocytic markers AQP4(astrocyte endfeet signal), CX43(gap junction signal), and S100β. Importantly, none of these changes could be attributed to transgene leakage into preexisting neurons. Therefore, our findings suggest that neural transcription factors such as NeuroD1, Ascl1, and Dlx2 can effectively convert reactive astrocytes into neurons in the adult mammalian brain.

关键词： aquaporin-4 Ascl1 astrocyte cortex Dlx2 gap junction glia-to-neuron conversion neural regeneration NeuroD1 reprogramming

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Recent Advances in Fibrous Materials for Hydroelectricity Generation

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 109-133页

作者： Can Ge Duo xu Xiao Feng Xing Yang Zheheng Song Yuhang Song Jingyu Chen Yingcun Liu Chong Gao yong Du Zhe Sun Weilin xu Jian Fang College of Textile and Clothing Engineering Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123People’s Republic of China National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies Wuhan Textile UniversityWuhan 430200People’s Republic of China Institute of Functional Nano&Soft Materials(FUNSOM) Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123People’s Republic of China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of MassachusettsAmherstMA 01003USA Department of Materials Imperial College LondonSouth Kensington CampusLondon SW72AZUK College of Textile Science and Engineering Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Institute of Technology100 Haiquan RoadShanghai 201418People’s Republic of China

Depleting fossil energy sources and conventional polluting power generation pose a threat to sustainable *** generation from ubiquitous and spontaneous phase transitions between liquid and gaseous water has been considered a promising strategy for mitigating the energy *** materials with unique flexibility,processability,multifunctionality,and practicability have been widely applied for fibrous materials-based hydroelectricity generation(FHG).In this review,the power generation mechanisms,design principles,and electricity enhancement factors of FHG are first ***,the fabrication strategies and characteristics of varied constructions including 1D fiber,1D yarn,2D fabric,2D membrane,3D fibrous framework,and 3D fibrous gel are ***,the advanced functions of FHG during water harvesting,proton dissociation,ion separation,and charge accumulation processes are analyzed in ***,the potential applications including power supply,energy storage,electrical sensor,and information expression are also ***,some existing challenges are considered and prospects for future development are sincerely proposed.

关键词： Hydroelectricity Fibrous material Streaming potential Ion diffusion

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谷氨酰胺对大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤时肝组织谷胱甘肽含量和Bcl-2、Bax蛋白表达的影响

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世界华人消化杂志 2005年第19期13卷 2297-2301页

作者：贾昌俊戴朝六张旭徐锋崔凯许永庆中国医科大学附属第二医院(盛京医院)肝胆外科辽宁省沈阳市110004 沈阳医学院附属中心医院普通外科辽宁省沈阳市110024

目的:探讨谷氨酰胺(glutamine,Gln)对大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤(HIRI)时肝组织谷胱甘肽(glutathione,GSH) 含量和细胞凋亡相关基因Bcl-2和Bax蛋白表达的影响．方法:将48只健康♂Wistar大鼠随机分为谷氨酰胺组 (G组)和对照组(C组)．预置中... 详细信息

目的:探讨谷氨酰胺(glutamine,Gln)对大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤(HIRI)时肝组织谷胱甘肽(glutathione,GSH) 含量和细胞凋亡相关基因Bcl-2和Bax蛋白表达的影响．方法:将48只健康♂Wistar大鼠随机分为谷氨酰胺组 (G组)和对照组(C组)．预置中心静脉导管后经此输液通道分别注入谷氨酰胺溶液和生理盐水行预处理 (3 d)．采用Pringle法夹闭肝十二指肠韧带致肝脏缺血 30 min后,去夹恢复血流为再灌注．分别于再灌注后 1、24 h抽血检测ALT的水平,然后快速切取肝组织检测其还原型GSH的含量,切取部分肝组织用于组织病理学检查,并采用S-P免疫组织化学染色方法检测肝组织细胞凋亡相关基Bcl-2和Bax的蛋白表达情况．结果:再灌注后1、24 h,G组血清ALT水平皆显著低于C组(8．3±2．0 μkat／L vs 13．7±5．5 μkat／L,P<0．05; 2．9±2．5 μkat／L vs 9．1±4．3 μkat／L,P<0．01)．肝脏组织GSH的水平:再灌注后1、24 h,G组肝组织GSH水平皆明显高于C组(1216．09±152．78 μg／g vs 856．68± 117．64 μg/g,P<0．01;899．73±57．75 μg/g vs 800．50± 94．79 μg／g,P<0．05)．肝组织损害的病理学改变:G组明显轻于C组．再灌注后1、24 h,G组肝组织Bcl-2蛋白阳性表达率明显高于C组(100．0％ vs 37．5％,P<0．05; 87．5％ vs 25．0％,P<0．05);再灌注后1、24 h,G组肝组织Bax蛋白阳性表达率明显低于C组(25．0％ vs 87．5％,P<0．05;25．0％ vs 87．5％,P<0．05)．结论:Gln对大鼠HIRI具有保护作用,其作用机制可能与维持体内GSH含量和影响肝组织细胞凋亡相关基因 Bcl-2和Bax蛋白的表达有关．

关键词：谷氨酰胺肝脏缺血再灌注损伤谷胱甘肽 Bcl-2 Bax

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The complex roles of m^(6)A modifications in neural stem cell proliferation, differentiation, and self-renewal and implications for memory and neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1582-1598页

作者： Yanxi Li Jing xue Yuejia Ma Ke Ye xue Zhao Fangliang Ge Feifei Zheng Lulu Liu xu Gao Dayong Wang qing Xia Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology College of Basic Medical SciencesHarbin Medical UniversityHarbinHeilongjiang ProvinceChina College of Basic Medical Sciences Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinHeilongjiang ProvinceChina Basic Medical Institute Heilongjiang Academy of Medical SciencesHarbinHeilongjiang ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Heilongjiang Province for Genetically Modified Animals Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinHeilongjiang ProvinceChina Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China Heilongjiang Academy of Medical SciencesHarbinHeilongjiang ProvinceChina Dongzhimen Hospital Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina

N6-methyladenosine(m^(6)A), the most prevalent and conserved RNA modification in eukaryotic cells, profoundly influences virtually all aspects of mRNA metabolism. mRNA plays crucial roles in neural stem cell genesis and neural regeneration, where it is highly concentrated and actively involved in these processes. Changes in m^(6)A modification levels and the expression levels of related enzymatic proteins can lead to neurological dysfunction and contribute to the development of neurological diseases. Furthermore, the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells, as well as nerve regeneration, are intimately linked to memory function and neurodegenerative diseases. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the roles of m^(6)A in neural stem cell proliferation, differentiation, and self-renewal, as well as its implications in memory and neurodegenerative diseases. m^(6)A has demonstrated divergent effects on the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells. These observed contradictions may arise from the time-specific nature of m^(6)A and its differential impact on neural stem cells across various stages of development. Similarly, the diverse effects of m^(6)A on distinct types of memory could be attributed to the involvement of specific brain regions in memory formation and recall. Inconsistencies in m^(6)A levels across different models of neurodegenerative disease, particularly Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, suggest that these disparities are linked to variations in the affected brain regions. Notably, the opposing changes in m^(6)A levels observed in Parkinson's disease models exposed to manganese compared to normal Parkinson's disease models further underscore the complexity of m^(6)A's role in neurodegenerative processes. The roles of m^(6)A in neural stem cell proliferation, differentiation, and self-renewal, and its implications in memory and neurodegenerative diseases, appear contradictory. These inconsistencies may be a

关键词： Alzheimer's disease cell self-renewal central nervous system memory microglia nerve regeneration neurodegenerative diseases neurogenesis RNA methylation

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