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Hygroscopic properties of sodium and potassium salts as related to saline mineral dusts and sea salt aerosols

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第9期32卷 65-72页

作者： Huanhuan Zhang Wenjun Gu yong jie li Mingjin Tang State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of MacaoAvenida da UniversidadeTaipaMacaoChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China

Mineral dust,soil,and sea salt aerosols are among the most abundant primary inorganic aerosols in the atmosphere,and their hygroscopicity affects the hydrological cycle and global climate.We investigated the hygroscopic behaviors of six Na-and K-containing salts commonly found in those primary organic aerosols.Their hygroscopic growths as a function of relative humidity(RH) agree well with thermodynamic model prediction.Temperature dependence of deliquescence RH(DRH) values for five of those salts was also investigated,which are comparable to those in literature within 1%-2% RH,most showing negative dependence on temperature.Hygroscopic growth curves of real-world soil and sea salt samples were also measured.The hygroscopic growths of two more-hydroscopic saline soil samples and of sea salt can be predicted by the thermodynamic model based on the measured water-soluble ionic composition.The substantial amounts of water-soluble ions,including Na+and K+,in saline soil samples imply that even nascent saline soil samples are quite hygroscopic at high-RH(>80%) conditions.For three less-hygroscopic dust samples,however,measurements showed higher water uptake ability than that predicted by the thermodynamic model.The small amount of water taken up by less-hygroscopic dust samples suggests that dust particles might contain thin layers of water even to very low RH.The results of this study provide a comprehensive characterization of the hygroscopicity of Na-and K-containing salts as related to their roles in the hygroscopic behaviors of saline mineral dusts and sea salt aerosols.

关键词： prediction. salts dust

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Broadband impedance modulation via non-local acoustic metamaterials

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National Science Review 2022年第8期9卷 47-54页

作者： Zhiling Zhou Sibo Huang Dongting li jie Zhu yong li Institute of Acoustics School of Physics Science and EngineeringTongji University Department of Mechanical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute

Causality of linear time-invariant systems inherently defines the wave-matter interaction process in wave physics. This principle imposes strict constraints on the interfacial response of materials on various physical platforms. A typical consequence is that a delicate balance has to be struck between the conflicting bandwidth and geometric thickness when constructing a medium with desired impedance, which makes it challenging to realize broadband impedance modulation with compact structures. In pursuit of improvement, the over-damped recipe and the reduced excessive response recipe are creatively presented in this work. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, we construct a metamaterial with intensive mode density that supports strong non-locality over a frequency band from 320 Hz to 6400 Hz. Under the guidelines of the over-damped recipe and the reduced excessive response recipe, the metamaterial realizes impedance matching to air and exhibits broadband near-perfect absorption without evident impedance oscillation and absorption dips in the working frequency band. We further present a dual-functional design capable of frequency-selective absorption and reflection by concentrating the resonance modes in three frequency bands. Our research reveals the significance of over-damped recipe and the strong non-local effect in broadband impedance modulation, which may open up avenues for constructing efficient artificial impedance boundaries for energy absorption and other wave manipulation.

关键词： impedance modulation acoustic absorption non-local metamaterials

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Astrocyte-derived ATP:A New Etiological Factor for Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2022年第1期38卷 104-106页

作者： jie li Patrizia Rubini yong Tang Peter Illes School of Acupuncture and Tuina Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu610075China International Collaborative Centre on Big Science Plan for Purinergic Signalling Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu610075China Rudolf Boehm Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Leipzig04109LeipzigGermany

In the central nervous system,purinergic signaling plays an important role in maintaining the functions of neurons,astrocytes,and microglia,thereby regulating brain homeostasis,with consequences for higher-order cognitive processes[1].ATP released from astrocytes in conjunction with several additional signaling molecules modulates neuronal circuits.

关键词： thereby consequences purine

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Deep Brain Stimulation of the Globus Pallidus Internus in Patients with Intractable Tourette Syndrome： A 1-year Follow-up Study

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Chinese Medical Journal 2016年第9期129卷 1022-1027页

作者： Xiao-Hua Zhang Jian-Yu li Yu-Qing Zhang Yong-Jie Li Department of Functional Neurosurgery Beijing Institute of Functional Neurosurgery Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100053 China

Background： Deep brain stimulation （DBS） has been a promising treatment for patients with refractory Tourette syndrome （TS） for more than a decade. Despite successful DBS treatment of TS in more than 100 patients worldwide, studies with a large patient sample and long-term follow-up assessments are still scarce. Accordingly, we investigated the clinical efficacy and safety of globus pallidus internus （GPi） DBS in the treatment of intractable TS in 24 patients with a 1-year follow-up assessment. Methods： Bilateral/unilateral GPi-DBS was performed in 24 patients with TS. We evaluated symptoms of tics and obsessive-compulsive disorder （OCD） through the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale （YGTSS） and Yale-Brown Obsessive-compulsive Scale （Y-BOCS）. We used the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised in China （WAIS-RC） to evaluate the safety of the treatment. We conducted follow-up assessments of all patients for at least 12 months （12-99 months）. Results： Symptoms of tics and OCD were significantly relieved at a 12-month follow-up assessment. The mean YGTSS score was 74.04 ± 11.52, 49.83 ± 10.91, 32.58 ± 7.97, and 31.21 ± 8.87 at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively. The mean YGTSS scores obtained at the follow-up assessments were significantly different from the baseline （P 〈 0.05）. The improvement in motor tics was superior to that in phonic tics. The mean Y-BOCS scores were 21.61 ± 4.97, 18 ± 4.58, 14.39 ± 3.99, and 13.78 ± 4.56 at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively （P 〈 0.05）. We observed a remarkable improvement in psychiatric comorbidities, such as OCD and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, after the procedure. WAIS-RC scores were comparable before and after the operation. There were no severe postoperative complications. Conclusion： GPi-DBS appears to comprehensively alleviate tic symptoms and psychiatric comorbidities in patients with TS, thus significantly improving patients＇ quality of life.

关键词： Deep Brain Stimulation Tourette Syndrome Treatment

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Effect of wide-spectrum pulsed magnetic field on grain refinement of pure aluminium

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China Foundry 2023年第1期20卷 40-48页

作者： Ya-ming Bai Gang li Ya-wei Sun yong-yong Gong Qi-jie Zhai College of Science Shanghai University99 Shangda RoadShanghai 200444China Center for Advanced Solidification Shanghai University99 Shangda RoadShanghai 200444China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai University99 Shangda RoadShanghai 200444China

A wide-spectrum pulsed magnetic field(WSPMF)was obtained by adjusting the number of current pulses and the pulse interval between adjacent pulses.The effect of WSPMF on the grain refinement of pure aluminium was studied.The distribution of electromagnetic force and flow field in the melt under the WSPMF was simulated to reveal the grain refining mechanism.Results show that the grain refinement is attributed to the combined effect of the melt flow and oscillation under a WSPMF.When the pulse interval is 5 ms,the extreme value of electromagnetic force is the highest,and the size of the crystal nucleus is 0.35 mm.In the case of similar flow rates,the grain size gradually decreases as the pulse interval increases.The range of the harmonic frequency of the magnetic field gradually expands with the increase of the pulse interval,which can provide more energy for nucleation at the solid-liquid interface and promote nucleation.

关键词： wide-spectrum pulsed magnetic field forced flow grain refinement frequency components

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Simulation of gas-solid flow in sinter vertical cooling furnace

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2023年第11期30卷 2133-2142页

作者： Teng-fei Qi Hai-feng li Jun-jie Sun Guo-jun Chen yong-jie Zhang School of Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819LiaoningChina Key Laboratory for Ecological Metallurgy of Multi-Metallic Mineral(Ministry of Education) Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819LiaoningChina Technology Center Shanghai Meishan Iron and Steel Co.Ltd.Nanjing210039JiangsuChina Central Research Institute Baosteel Co.Ltd.Shanghai201900China

The velocity distribution of sinter and gas in vertical cooling furnace(VCF)has an important influence on gas-solid heat transfer.Based on the slot model of single hopper in the VCF of Meishan Iron and Steel Co.,Ltd.,the velocity and particle size distribution of sinter and the velocity and pressure distribution of gas were studied using a computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method model to obtain the gas-solid flow rule in the VCF.The results showed that the velocity of sinter near the wall and the edge of vent cowl was lower than that in the rest of the same plane.Therefore,the rectangular section of the vertical cooling furnace can be divided into a quasi-static zone,a plug flow zone and a convergent flow zone according to the flow velocity of the sinter.The average particle size and the void fraction of sinter bed were distributed in"W"and"V"shape along the width direction,respectively.The distribution of gas velocity in the furnace cavity was uneven,and the high-velocity area gradually changed from the center to the edge of the furnace cavity with the rise of gas.Reducing the ratio of edge to center gas flow from 2.7∶1 to 0.7∶1 could improve the gas velocity,but could not change the gas velocity distribution.The gas velocity distribution was more affected by the average particle size distribution of the sinter bed.It was suggested that measures need be taken to adjust it to improve the gas velocity distribution in the VCF.

关键词： Sinter Vertical cooling furnace Average particle size Void fraction Velocity distribution Gas distribution mode

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Channel Knowledge Map(CKM)-Assisted Multi-UAV Wireless Network:CKM Construction and UAV Placement

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Journal of Communications and Information Networks 2023年第3期8卷 256-270页

作者： Haoyun li Peiming li Gaoyuan Cheng jie Xu Junting Chen yong Zeng School of Science and Engineering and the Future Network of Intelligence Institute(FNii)the Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenShenzhen 518172China National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory and Frontiers Science Center for Mobile Information Communication and Security the Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096the Purple Mountain LaboratoriesNanjing 211111China

Channel knowledge map(CKM)has recently emerged as a viable new solution to facilitate the placement and trajectory optimization for unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)communications,by exploiting the siteand location-specific radio propagation information.This paper investigates a CKM-assisted multi-UAV wireless network,by focusing on the construction and utilization of CKMs for multi-UAV placement optimization.First,we consider the CKM construction problem when data measurements for only a limited number of points are available.Towards this end,we exploit a data-driven interpolation technique,namely the Kriging method,to construct CKMs to characterize the signal propagation environments.Next,we study the multi-UAV placement optimization problem by utilizing the constructed CKMs,in which the multiple UAVs aim to optimize their placement locations to maximize the weighted sum rate with their respectively associated ground base stations(GBSs).However,the weighted sum rate function based on the CKMs is generally non-differentiable,which renders the conventional optimization techniques relying on function derivatives inapplicable.To tackle this issue,we propose a novel iterative algorithm based on derivative-free optimization,in which a series of quadratic functions are iteratively constructed to approximate the objective function under a set of interpolation conditions,and accordingly,the UAVs’placement locations are updated by maximizing the approximate function subject to a trust region constraint.Finally,numerical results are presented to validate the performance of the proposed designs.It is shown that the Kriging method can construct accurate CKMs for UAVs.Furthermore,the proposed derivative-free placement optimization design based on the Kriging-constructed CKMs achieves a weighted sum rate that is close to the optimal exhaustive search design based on ground-truth CKMs,but with much lower implementation complexity.In addition,the proposed design is shown to significantly outperform other benchmark schemes.

关键词： UAV communications CKM CKM construction UAV placement derivative-free optimization

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Systemic lupus erythematosus: year in review 2019

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Chinese Medical Journal 2020年第18期133卷 2189-2196页

作者： yong Fan Yan-jie Hao Zhuo-li Zhang Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Peking University First HospitalBeijing 100034China

Systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)is an autoimmune disease with extreme heterogeneity and potentially involvement of any organ or system.Numerous unanswered questions and challenges in SLE always prompt further exploration.In 2019,great progress in various aspects of SLE emerged.Both the classification criteria and management recommendation for SLE were updated.New promising medications have been widely developed and tested,although subsequent clinical studies are warranted.As an emerging number of most notable studies in SLE were published in both clinical area and basic research in 2019,we aim to summarize the highest quality data on SLE regarding novel insights of pathogenesis,updated recommendations,hot-spot issues on clinical manifestations,new understanding of disease prognosis,and most importantly,the therapeutic advances in SLE in this review.

关键词： Systemic lupus erythematosus Review Year 2019 Therapeutic advances

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Challenges and advances in genome mining of ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs)

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2020年第3期5卷 155-172页

作者： Zheng Zhong Beibei He jie li yong-Xin li Department of Chemistry The University of Hong KongPokfulamHong KongHong Kong SARChina Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of South CarolinaColumbiaUSA The Swire Institute of Marine Science The University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong KongHong Kong SARChina Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) China

Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides(RiPPs)are a class of cyclic or linear peptidic natural products with remarkable structural and functional diversity.Recent advances in genomics and synthetic biology,are facilitating us to discover a large number of new ribosomal natural products,including lanthipeptides,lasso peptides,sactipeptides,thiopeptides,microviridins,cyanobactins,linear thiazole/oxazole-containing peptides and so on.In this review,we summarize bioinformatic strategies that have been developed to identify and prioritize biosynthetic gene clusters(BGCs)encoding RiPPs,and the genome mining-guided discovery of novel RiPPs.We also prospectively provide a vision of what genomics-guided discovery of RiPPs may look like in the future,especially the discovery of RiPPs from dominant but uncultivated microbes,which will be promoted by the combinational use of synthetic biology and metagenome mining strategies.

关键词： Natural products Ribosomally synthesized and posttranslationally modified peptides RiPPs Genome mining Metagenome mining Synthetic biology

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High Conduction Band Inorganic Layers for Distinct Enhancement of Electrical Energy Storage in Polymer Nanocomposites

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Nano-Micro Letters 2022年第9期14卷 221-236页

作者： Yingke Zhu Zhonghui Shen yong li Bin Chai jie Chen Pingkai Jiang Xingyi Huang Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix CompositesDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Center of Smart Materials and DevicesWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070People’s Republic of China Institute of Applied and Physical Chemistry and Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology University of Bremen28359 BremenGermany

Dielectric polymer nanocomposites are considered as one of the most promising candidates for high-power-density electrical energy storage applications.Inorganic nanofillers with high insulation property are frequently introduced into fluoropolymer to improve its breakdown strength and energy storage capability.Normally,inorganic nanofillers are thought to introducing traps into polymer matrix to suppress leakage current.However,how these nanofillers effect the leakage current is still unclear.Meanwhile,high dopant(>5 vol%)is prerequisite for distinctly improved energy storage performance,which severely deteriorates the processing and mechanical property of polymer nanocomposites,hence brings high technical complication and cost.Herein,boron nitride nanosheet(BNNS)layers are utilized for substantially improving the electrical energy storage capability of polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)nanocomposite.Results reveal that the high conduction band minimum of BNNS produces energy barrier at the interface of adjacent layers,preventing the electron in PVDF from passing through inorganic layers,leading to suppressed leakage current and superior breakdown strength.Accompanied by improved Young’s modulus(from 1.2 GPa of PVDF to 1.6 GPa of nanocomposite),significantly boosted discharged energy density(14.3 J cm^(-3)) and charge-discharge efficiency(75%)are realized in multilayered nanocomposites,which are 340 and 300% of PVDF(4.2 J cm^(-3),25%).More importantly,thus remarkably boosted energy storage performance is accomplished by marginal BNNS.This work offers a new paradigm for developing dielectric nanocomposites with advanced energy storage performance.

关键词： Boron nitride nanosheet Conduction band Efficiency Energy density Barrier

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