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Exploiting fly models to investigate rare human neurological disorders

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 21-28页

作者： Tomomi Tanaka Hyung-Lok chung Department of Neurology Houston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTXUSA Department of Neurology Weill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNYUSA

Rare neurological diseases,while individually are rare,collectively impact millions globally,leading to diverse and often severe neurological *** attributed to genetic mutations that disrupt protein function or structure,understanding their genetic basis is crucial for accurate diagnosis and targeted *** investigate the underlying pathogenesis of these conditions,researchers often use non-mammalian model organisms,such as Drosophila(fruit flies),which is valued for their genetic manipulability,cost-efficiency,and preservation of genes and biological functions across evolutionary *** tools available in Drosophila,including CRISPR-Cas9,offer a means to manipulate gene expression,allowing for a deep exploration of the genetic underpinnings of rare neurological *** boasts a versatile genetic toolkit,rapid generation turnover,and ease of large-scale experimentation,making it an invaluable resource for identifying potential drug *** can expose flies carrying disease-associated mutations to various compounds,rapidly pinpointing promising therapeutic agents for further investigation in mammalian models and,ultimately,clinical *** this comprehensive review,we explore rare neurological diseases where fly research has significantly contributed to our understanding of their genetic basis,pathophysiology,and potential therapeutic *** discuss rare diseases associated with both neuron-expressed and glial-expressed *** cases include mutations in CDK19 resulting in epilepsy and developmental delay,mutations in TIAM1 leading to a neurodevelopmental disorder with seizures and language delay,and mutations in IRF2BPL causing seizures,a neurodevelopmental disorder with regression,loss of speech,and abnormal *** we explore mutations in EMC1 related to cerebellar atrophy,visual impairment,psychomotor retardation,and gain-of-function mutations in ACOX1 causing Mitchell ***-of-fun

关键词： ACOX1 Drosophila melanogaster glia lipid metabolism model organisms neuroinflammation neurologic disorders neuron rare disease VLCFA

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Mechanically driven assembly of biomimetic 2D-material microtextures with bioinspired multifunctionality

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 663-678页

作者： Yang Li Lin Jing Joshua M.Little Haochen Yang Tsai-Chun chung Po-Yen Chen Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20740USA Maryland Robotics Center University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore 639798Singapore

Nature provides a wealth of bio-inspiration for advanced material *** various nanomaterials into biomimetic microtextures with bioinspired functionalities has spurred increasing research interests and facilitated technological advances in various *** recent years,two-dimensional materials(2DMs)have emerged as important building block units in the biomimicry field due to their distinct chemical,physical,electrical,electrochemical,and catalytic *** this review article,various mechanically driven assembly approaches are summarized to fabricate various genealogies of biomimetic 2DM microtextures with bio-inspired ***,sequential deformation strategies are discussed to programmably construct higher dimensional 2DM microtextures,ranging from wrinkles/crumples(one-time deformation)to multiscale hierarchies(multiple deformations).Next,the current progress using higher dimensional 2DM microtextures to imitate different biological structures and/or induce bio-inspired multifunctionality is systematically *** showcases of bio-inspiration and biomimicry using different 2DM nanosheets are highlighted:(1)wrinkle patterns of an earthworm that spur the design of strain sensors with programmable working ranges and sensitivities,(2)wrinkle appearance of a Shar-Pei dog that motivates the fabrication of stretchable energy storage devices,(3)hierarchical scale textures of a desert lizard that inspire cation-induced gelation platforms for 2DM aerogels,and(4)wrinkle skin of an elephant that influences the development of 2DM protective skin for soft ***,challenges and future opportunities of adopting 2DM nanosheets to assemble biomimetic microstructures with synergistic functionalities are discussed.

关键词： two-dimensional(2D)materials mechanically driven assembly biomimetic microtextures functional nanocomposite bio-inspired multifunctionality

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Experience of Mental Health Professionals Collaborating with Peer Supporters in a Community Mental Health Service Team

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2024年第4期26卷 251-260页

作者： Sowon Lee Boyoung Kim chung Kil Park College of Nursing Chonnam National UniversityGwangju61469South Korea College of Oriental Medicine Wonkwang UniversityIksan54538South Korea

This study explored how mental health professionals collaborate with peer supporters with mental disabilities in a community mental health *** January 19 to February 23,2021,three 60 min interviews were conducted with six mental health professionals working at a Korean community *** results were qualitatively analyzed and divided into four themes and eight *** four themes were the perceptions of and challenges in working with peer supporters with mental disabilities,conflict and confusion about working with peer supporters,forming partnerships with peer supporters,and policy support for peer supporters’job *** reported vague anxiety about working with a peer supporter and difficulties with the trial-and-error process of adjusting to the role as *** time,however,they realized that they needed to make an effort to develop meaningful relationships with peer supporters and mental health ***,through this study,we realized that there was a need to improve the system,such as building infrastructure for job stability for peer support workers and capacity building tailored to the mental *** peer supporters play various roles while working with mental health professionals,this study showed the possibility of mutual growth through communication and *** findings will help prepare systems necessary for collaboration between the two teams amidst the increasing institutionalization of peer support for mental disorders.

关键词： Peer supporters mental health mental health professionals collaborating

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Highly Accurate Golden Section Search Algorithms and Fictitious Time Integration Method for Solving Nonlinear Eigenvalue Problems

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 1317-1335页

作者： Chein-Shan Liu Jian-Hung Shen chung-Lun Kuo Yung-Wei Chen Center of Excellence for Ocean Engineering Taiwan Ocean UniversityKeelung202301TaiwanChina Department of Marine Engineering Taiwan Ocean UniversityKeelung202301TaiwanChina

This study sets up two new merit functions,which are minimized for the detection of real eigenvalue and complex eigenvalue to address nonlinear eigenvalue *** each eigen-parameter the vector variable is solved from a nonhomogeneous linear system obtained by reducing the number of eigen-equation one less,where one of the nonzero components of the eigenvector is normalized to the unit and moves the column containing that component to the right-hand side as a nonzero input vector.1D and 2D golden section search algorithms are employed to minimize the merit functions to locate real and complex ***,the real and complex eigenvectors can be computed very accurately.A simpler approach to the nonlinear eigenvalue problems is proposed,which implements a normalization condition for the uniqueness of the eigenvector into the eigenequation *** real eigenvalues can be computed by the fictitious time integration method(FTIM),which saves computational costs compared to the one-dimensional golden section search algorithm(1D GSSA).The simpler method is also combined with the Newton iterationmethod,which is convergent very *** the proposed methods are easily programmed to compute the eigenvalue and eigenvector with high accuracy and efficiency.

关键词： Nonlinear eigenvalue problem quadratic eigenvalue problem two new merit functions golden section search algorithm fictitious time integration method

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Immunoregulatory and Anti-cancer Activities of Combination Treatment of Novel Four-Herb Formula and Doxorubicin in 4T1-Breast Cancer Bearing Mice

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第4期30卷 311-321页

作者： Lea Ling-Yu Kan Ben chung-Lap Chan Grace Gar-Lee Yue LI Pei-ting Sharon Sze-Man Hon HUANG Dan-qi Miranda Sin-Man Tsang Clara Bik-San Lau Ping-chung Leung Chun-Kwok Wong Institute of Chinese Medicine The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Chemical Pathology The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine School of Health and Biomedical SciencesSTEM CollegeRMIT UniversityBundooraVictoriaAustralia Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin R&D Centre for Chinese Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong SARHong KongChina

Objective To investigate the in vivo immunomodulatory and anti-tumor mechanisms of the combined treatment of novel Four-Herb formula(4HF)and doxorubicin in triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC).Methods Murine-derived triple-negative mammary carcinoma cell line,4T1 cells,was cultured and inoculated into mouse mammary ***-six mice were randomly assigned into 6 groups(n=11 in ench):naive,control,LD 4HF(low dose 4HF),HD 4HF(high dose 4HF),LD 4HF+D(low dose and doxorubicin),and D(doxorubicin).Apart from the naive group,each mouse received subcutaneous inoculation with 5×10^(5)4T1 cells resuspended in 100µL of normal saline in the mammary fat *** from the day of tumor cell inoculation,tumors were grown for 6 *** LD and HD groups received daily oral gavage of 658 and 2,630 mg/kg 4HF,*** LD 4HF+D group received daily oral gavage of 658 mg/kg 4HF and weekly intraperitoneal injection of doxorubicin(5 mg/kg).The D group received weekly intraperitoneal injections of doxorubicin(5 mg/kg).The treatment naive mice received daily oral gavage of 0.2 mL double distilled water and 0.1 mL normal saline via intraperitoneal injection once a *** control group received daily oral gavage of 0.2 mL double-distilled *** treatment period was 30 *** the end of treatment,mice organs were harvested to analyze immunological activities via immunophenotyping,gene and multiplex analysis,histological staining,and gut microbiota *** Mice treated with the combination of 4HF and doxorubicin resulted in significantly reduced tumor and spleen burdens(Pgut microbiota to favor the anti-tumor immunological ***,immunosuppressive genes,cytokines,and chemokines such as C-C motif chemokine 2 and interleukin-10 of tumors were significantly downregulated(P<0.05).4HF-doxorubicin combination treatment demonstrated synergetic activities and was most effective

关键词： adjunctivetherapy breast cancer cytokines Chinese medicine tumor microenvironment

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Increasing concentrations of dietary threonine,tryptophan,and glycine improve growth performance and intestinal health with decreasing stress responses in broiler chickens raised under multiple stress conditions

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第3期18卷 145-153页

作者： Hyun Woo Kim Jong Hyuk Kim Gi Ppeum Han Dong yong Kil Department of Animal Science and Technology Chung-Ang UniversityAnseong-siGyeonggi-do 17546Republic of Korea Department of Animal Science Chungbuk National UniversityCheongju 28644Republic of Korea

The current study aimed to compare the effects of increasing concentrations of dietary threonine(Thr),tryptophan(Trp),and glycine(Gly)on growth performance,stress biomarkers,and intestinal function in broiler chickens under multiple stress *** hundred sixty broiler chickens at 21 d old were randomly allotted to 5 treatments with 8 *** in a positive control(PC)treatment were raised under low stock density(16.9 birds/m2 per cage)with recommended environmental conditions,whereas birds in 4 treatments were subjected to multiple stress conditions:a cyclic heat stress of 30±0.3°C for 10 h and 23±0.2°C for 14 h per day with high stock density(25.3 birds/m2 per cage).A basal diet was assigned to both PC and negative control(NC)*** additional diets were individually formulated to contain double concentrations of digestible Thr,Trp,or Gly+Ser compared with their concentrations in the basal *** experiment lasted for 14 *** showed that NC treatment had less growth performance(P<0.001),jejunal goblet cell counts(P=0.018),and trans-epithelial electrical resistance(TEER;P<0.001),but greater(P=0.026)feather corticosterone(CORT)concentrations than PC *** treatment showed the least(P<0.001)feed conversion ratio(FCR)among treatments under multiple stress ***,Trp,and Gly treatments had less(P=0.026)feather CORT concentrations,but had greater(P<0.001)TEER than NC *** conclusion,increasing concentrations of dietary Thr,Trp,or Gly improve the growth performance and intestinal health in broiler chickens with decreasing stress response under multiple stress conditions.

关键词： Broiler chicken Glycine Multiple stress Threonine Tryptophan

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Applying heteroatom co-doped carbon nanotube for manifesting high performance in the electrochemical reduction of aqueous nitrogen oxide by gold nanoparticles

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1151-1164页

作者： Jane chung Haibo Yin Rong Wang Yunlong Wang Junyang Zhang Yue Peng Joung Woo Han Seongyun Ryu Junhua Li State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China EHS Research Center Samsung Electronics Co.Ltd.Gyeonggi-do 18448Republic of Korea

Electrochemical NO-to-NH_(3) under ambient conditions could be a viable alternative having advantages in terms of energy consumption and exhaust gas recycling of NO,replacing a traditional ammonia synthesis method of the Haber–Bosch *** synthesizing boron(B-)and nitrogen(N-)co-doped carbon nanotube(CNT)based gold(Au)catalysts,B-dopants elevate the conductivity of carbon nanotube by sp2 hybridization on graphene and implant B–N domains within the graphene layer,and result in facilitating the embedding amount of Au accompanied by high dispersibility with low particle *** density functional theory(DFT)calculations elucidate that the electron cloud transmitted from B-dopant to the active site of Au induces the Lewis acidic site,and the O-distal pathway occurs following a spontaneous *** of the electron-deficient B-doping area accompanied by N-defects and B–O edges retains the major valence state of Au as Au^(δ+),and suppresses hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)by repulsing the hindrance of H*.This record exhibits the highest faradaic efficiency(FE)of 94.7%,and NH_(3) yield rate of 1877.4μg·h^(-1)·mg_(cat)^(-1),which is the optimal yield over energy consumption in the field of the ambient reduction of aqueous NO.

关键词： boron heteroatom nitrogen defect gold nanoparticles valence states of gold electrochemical NO-to-NH3

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Autoimmune hepatitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis after direct-acting antiviral treatment for hepatitis C virus:A case report

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第2期16卷 286-293页

作者： Yoshiki Morihisa Hobyung chung Shuichiro Towatari Daisuke Yamashita Tetsuro Inokuma Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Kobe City Medical Center General HospitalKobe 650-0047HyogoJapan Department of Pathology Kobe City Medical Center General HospitalKobe 650-0047HyogoJapan

BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection is a major global health concern that leads to liver fibrosis,cirrhosis,and *** containing direct-acting antivirals(DAAs)have become the mainstay of HCV treatment,achieving a high sustained virological response(SVR)with minimal adverse *** SUMMARY A 74-year-old woman with chronic HCV infection was treated with the DAAs ledipasvir,and sofosbuvir for 12 wk and achieved ***-four weeks after treatment completion,the liver enzyme and serum IgG levels increased,and antinuclear antibody became positive without HCV viremia,suggesting the development of autoimmune hepatitis(AIH).After liver biopsy indicated AIH,a definite AIH diagnosis was made and prednisolone was *** treatment was effective,and the liver enzyme and serum IgG levels ***,multiple strictures of the intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts with dilatation of the peripheral bile ducts appeared on magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography after 3 years of achieving SVR,which were consistent with primary sclerosing *** The potential risk of developing autoimmune liver diseases after DAA treatment should be considered.

关键词： Liver Hepatitis C virus Autoimmune hepatitis Primary sclerosing cholangitis Immune system Case report

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Quantitative assessment of the impact of a triage physician on the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education resident milestones in the emergency department

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第3期15卷 220-222页

作者： Julie Cueva Duncan Grossman Vishnu Muppala Arlene chung Mahlaqa Butt Jefferson Drapkin Antonios Likourezos Errel Khordipour Department of Emergency Medicine Maimonides Medical CenterNew York 11219USA

The “door-to-doctor” time for patients to be seen by a physician is an increasingly studied *** may shorten this time by implementing a triage physician (TP).The exact role of a TP may vary across *** put in preliminary orders for lab work,imaging,and treatment,and decide treatment location for further *** the prevalence of TPs grows,its effect on resident education in academic emergency departments (EDs) remains *** implemented a TP in the spring of 2016 and assessed resident physicians before and after implementation.

关键词： physician doctor treatment

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Transparency and reporting characteristics of randomized controlled trials with Chinese herbal medicine formulas interventions

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Frontiers of Medicine 2024年第4期18卷 757-761页

作者： Juan Wang Dongni Shi Yaochen Wang Xuanqi Zhang Han Li Xihong Wang Shufeng Luo Lihan Hu Jiashuai Deng Lin Zhang chung Tai Lau chung Wah Cheng Fei Han Ji Li Ping Wang Aiping Lyu Zhaoxiang Bian Xuan Zhang Institute for Research and Continuing Education Hong Kong Baptist UniversityShenzhen518057China Chinese EQUATOR Centre Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHKSAR999077China School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin University of Chinese MedicineTianjin301617China School of Chinese Medicine Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing100105China School of Chinese Medicine Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHKSAR999077China Department of Pediatrics Guang’anmen HospitalChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing100053China Xiyuan Hospital China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing100091China Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHKSAR999077China

To enhance the clarity and transparency of reporting in trials involving Chineseherbal medicine(CHM)formulas,the CONSORT extension specifically tailored for CHM formulas(CONSORT-CHM Formulas 2017)was introduced in 2017[1].This statement,along with its corresponding checklist,outlines key elements essential for reporting in randomized controlled trials(RCTs)related tothe rationale,design,analysis,and interpretation of interventions using CHM *** CONSORT-CHM Formulas 2017 elaborated on 7 of 25 CONSORT checklist items,namely title,abstract and keywords,backgrounds and objectives,participants,interventions,outcomes,generalizability,and interpretation.

关键词： formulas statement rational

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