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Byte Frequency Based Indicators for Crypto-Ransomware Detection from Empirical Analysis

Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2022年第2期37卷 423-442页

作者： Geun yong kim Joon-Young Paik Yeongcheol kim Eun-Sun Cho Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134South Korea School of Computer Science and Technology Tiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China

File entropy is one of the major indicators of crypto-ransomware because the encryption by ransomware increases the randomness of file ***,entropy-based ransomware detection has certain limitations;for example,when distinguishing ransomware-encrypted files from normal files with inherently high-level entropy,misclassification is very *** addition,the entropy evaluation cost for an entire file renders entropy-based detection impractical for large *** this paper,we propose two indicators based on byte frequency for use in ransomware detection;these are termed EntropySA and DistSA,and both consider the interesting characteristics of certain file subareas termed“sample areas”(SAs).For an encrypted file,both the sampled area and the whole file exhibit high-level randomness,but for a plain file,the sampled area embeds informative structures such as a file header and thus exhibits relatively low-level randomness even though the entire file exhibits high-level *** and DistSA use“byte frequency”and a variation of byte frequency,respectively,derived from sampled *** indicators cause less overhead than other entropy-based detection methods,as experimentally proven using realistic ransomware *** evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of our indicators,we also employ three expensive but elaborate classification models(neural network,support vector machine and threshold-based approaches).Using these models,our experimental indicators yielded an average Fl-measure of 0.994 and an average detection rate of 99.46%for file encryption attacks by realistic ransomware samples.

关键词： computer security cryptography machine learning ransomware

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Chronology and sedimentation rate of Eurimji Lake in Jaecheon County of Korea

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地球环境学报 2011年第1期 315-316页

作者： kim ju-yong Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources

Eurimji Lake is located at the upstream valley and the lake sediments were initiated by the formation of by both natural levee and historical *** on sediment cores of representative boreholes,the lake sediments formed at latest 2000 a *** is also one of the oldest artificial reservoirs in the Korean history.A major construction of embankment was carried out at the about AD 800 during the Unified Silla *** evidence materials found in the bank are composed of woods and gray organic muds,as well as burned clays pasted on the outer and inner walls of *** origin of bank materials is lake bottom *** lake bottom sediments formed older than 1200 a BP,showing a stable sedimentation pattern in the age interval of 1910 a BP and 1410 a BP.A sedimentation rate of the same interval is about 4 mm·a,which is relatively high compared to sedimentation regime of other paleo-lakes in *** may be caused by catchment condition which is typified relatively by a strong runoff during the typhoon or stormy season *** it is presumed that untill the AD6 th century(Roman period) a paleohydrological system in middle Korean peninsula maintained annually stable even under the steep gradient of catchment landscape and surface processes.

关键词： Eurimji Lake lake sediment embankment sedimentation rate catchment condition

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Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis managed by laparotomy may go through troublesome clinical course: Reflection of severe inflammation

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2023年第2期22卷 210-212页

作者： Hee ju kim Kwang Yeol Paik Department of Surgery Yeoiudo St.Mary’s HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of Korea College of MedicineSeoul 07345Korea

To the Editor: Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis(XGC) is an uncommon inflammatory disease of the gallbladder, and its incidence is reported to be 1.3%-5.2% [1]. XGC is diagnosed by histopathological examination, characterized by severe inflammatory destruction followed by a granulomatous reaction, marked proliferative fibrosis, and infiltration of inflammatory cells [2].

关键词： granuloma cholecystitis inflammation

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Predictor-Corrector Smoothing Methods for Monotone LCP

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2004年第4期20卷 557-572页

作者： ju-liangZhang Xiang-sunZhang yong-meiSu DepartmentofManagementScienceandEngineering SchoolofEconomicsandManagementTsinghuaUni-versityBeijing100084China AcademyofMathematicsandSystemSciences ChineseAcademyofSciencesBeijing100080China DepartmentofMathematicsandMechanics UniversityofScienceandTechnologyBeijingBeijing100083China

In this paper, we analyze the global and local convergence properties of two predictor-corrector smoothing methods, which are based on the framework of the method in [1], for monotone linear complementarity problems (LCPs). The difference between the algorithm in [1] and our algorithms is that the neighborhood of smoothing central path in our paper is different to that in [1]. In addition, the difference between Algorithm 2.1 and the algorithm in [1] exists in the calculation of the predictor step. Comparing with the results in [1], the global and local convergence of the two methods can be obtained under very mild conditions. The global convergence of the two methods do not need the boundness of the inverse of the Jacobian. The superlinear convergence of Algorithm 2.1′ is obtained under the assumption of nonsingularity of generalized Jacobian of φ(x, y) at the limit point and Algorithm 2.1 obtains superlinear convergence under the assumption of strict complementarity at the solution. The effciency of the two methods is tested by numerical experiments.

关键词： Monotone lcp predictor-corrector method smoothing methods global convergence quadratical convergence

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Solvent extraction and stripping of lithium ion from aqueous solution and its application to seawater

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Rare Metals 2016年第12期35卷 948-953页

作者： Gregorius Rionugroho Harvianto Seok-Hyeon kim Chang-Sik ju Department of Chemical Engineering Pukyong National University

For the development of lithium ion recovery process from seawater, a series of experimental researches were performed. Solvent extraction of lithium ion from aqueous solution using kerosene as solvent was proposed. Lithium ion is effectively extracted by thenoyltrifluoroace- tone-trioctylphosphine oxide （TTA-TOPO） in kerosene within 80 min. Extraction efficiency is severely influenced by stoichiometric parameters. Among the stoichiometric parameters, volume ratio of aqueous （A） to extraction （E） solution is the most influential parameter. After extrac- tion, lithium ion could be easily stripped from the extraction solution by acidic solutions. Stripping efficiency decreases with pH of acidic solutions, and the kind of acid does not affect the stripping efficiency. Extraction efficiency main- tains at more than 93 % even when the extraction solution is recycled three times. 65 % of lithium ion can be extracted from seawater by this solvent extraction process when magnesium ion is precipitated by NHaOH prior to solvent extraction process. Other metallic ions in seawater decrease the extraction efficiency of lithium ion.

关键词： Lithium Thenoyltrifluoroacetone Trioctylphosphine oxide Solvent extraction Stripping Recycling

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CAVITATION CHARACTERISTICS OF HIGH VELOCITY FLOW WITH AND WITHOUT AERATION ON THE ORDER OF 50m/s

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2007年第4期19卷 429-433页

作者： DONG Zhi-yong CHEN Lei ju Wen-jie School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310032 China

Experimental study of cavitation characteristics with and without aeration was conducted at the flow velocity 50m/s in the non-circulating type water tunnel in the Hydraulics Laboratory at Zhejiang University of Technology. Variations of pressure and cavitation number with air concentration, pressure waveforms as well as cavitation erosion level of concrete specimen with and without aeration were obtained. The effects of cavitation control by aeration were analyzed.

关键词： cavitation erosion aeration pressure change cavitation number the order of 50 m/s

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Highly Stable Silicon–Carbon–Nitrogen Composite Anodes from Silsesquiazane for Rechargeable Lithium-Ion Battery

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2016年第3期32卷 195-199页

作者： yong Seok kim yong L.Joo Young-Je Kwark School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Cornell University Department of Organic Materials and Fiber Engineering Soongsil University

Herein, we developed novel silicon-carbon-nitrogen （SiCN） composites synthesized by pyrolyzing silsesquiazane polymer as an anode material for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. Among variable pyrolysis temperatures of 700 ℃, 1000 ℃ and 1300 ℃, the SiCN composites prepared at 1000 ℃ showed the highest capacity with outstanding battery cycle life by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Such good battery and electrochemical performances should be attributed to a proper ratio of carbon and nitrogen or oxygen in the SiCN composites. Furthermore, our SiCN electrode possessed better lithium ion conductivity than pure silicon nanoparticles. This work demonstrates that polymer-derived composites are among the promising strategies to achieve highly stable silicon anodes for rechargeable batteries.

关键词： Polymer-derived ceramics Silsesquiazane Lithium ion battery Lithium ion conductivity

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All-fiber acousto-optic modulator based on a cladding-etched optical fiber for active mode-locking

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Photonics Research 2017年第5期5卷 391-395页

作者： JIHWAN kim JOONHOI KOO ju HAN LEE School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Seoul

An all-fiber acousto-optic modulator(AOM), which features a compact structure and a low-driving voltage, is experimentally demonstrated for the active mode-locking of a fiber laser. The proposed AOM is based on the short length of the cladding-etched fiber, the ends of which are fixed on a slide glass. On top of the cladding-etched fiber, a piezoelectric transducer was overlaid. A chemical wet-etching technique, which is based on a mixed solution of NH_4F and (NH_4)2SO_4, is used to reduce the fiber diameter down to ～25 μm, and the length of the etched section is only 0.5 cm. The fabricated device exhibited a modulation depth of 73.10% at an acoustic frequency of 918.9 kHz and a peak-to-peak electrical voltage of 10 V, while a laser beam was coupled at 1560 *** using the prepared AOM within an erbium-doped-fiber ring cavity, the mode-locked pulses with a temporalwidth of 2.66 ps were readily obtained at a repetition rate of 1.838 MHz.

关键词： All-fiber acousto-optic modulator based on a cladding-etched optical fiber for active mode-locking

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Lipid nanoparticle-mediated CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing and metabolic engineering for anticancer immunotherapy

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2022年第5期17卷 641-652页

作者： Hyemin ju Dongyoon kim Yu-Kyoung Oh College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea

Metabolic engineering of the tumor microenvironment has emerged as a new *** dehydrogenase A(LDHA)is a prominent target for metabolic ***,we designed a cationic lipid nanoparticle formulation for LDHA gene *** plasmid DNA delivery efficiency of our lipid nanoparticle formulations was screened by testing the fluorescence of lipid nanoparticles complexed to plasmid DNA encoding green fluorescence protein(GFP).The delivery efficiency was affected by the ratios of three components:a cationic lipid,cholesterol or its derivative,and a fusogenic *** lipid nanoparticle designated formulation F3 was complexed to plasmid DNA co-encoding CRISPR-associated protein 9 and LDHA-specific sgRNA,yielding the lipoplex,pCas9-sgLDHA/*** lipoplex including GFP-encoding plasmid DNA provided gene editing in HeLa-GFP *** of B16F10 tumor cells with pCas9-sgLDHA/F3 yielded editing of the LDHA gene and increased the pH of the culture ***9-sgLDHA/F3 treatment activated the interferon-gamma and granzyme production of T cells in *** vivo,combining pCas9-sgLDHA/F3 with immune checkpoint-inhibiting anti-PD-L1 antibody provided a synergistic antitumor effect and prolonged the survival of tumor model *** study suggests that combining metabolic engineering of the tumor microenvironment with immune checkpoint inhibition could be a valuable antitumor strategy.

关键词： Gene editing Lipid nanoparticle Metabolic engineering Lactate dehydrogenase A Tumor microenvironment

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Quasi-neutral limit of the full bipolar Euler-Poisson system

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Science China Mathematics 2010年第12期53卷 3099-3114页

作者： JIANG Song ju QiangChang LI HaiLiang LI yong Laboratory Computational Physics Institute of Applied Physics and Computational MathematicsP.O.Box 8009Beijing 100088China School of Mathematical Sciences Capital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China College of Applied Science Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China

The quasi-neutral limit of the multi-dimensional non-isentropic bipolar Euler-Poisson system is considered in the present paper. It is shown that for well-prepared initial data the smooth solution of the non-isentropic bipolar Euler-Poisson system converges strongly to the compressible non-isentropic Euler equations as the Debye length goes to zero.

关键词： quasi-neutral limit two-fluid Euler-Poisson compressible non-isentropic Euler equation

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