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Structural engineering of hard carbon through spark plasma sintering for enhanced sodium-ion storage

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4274-4285页

作者： Hao-Ming Xiao Heng Zheng Ping Yuan Jun-Hui Luo Lin-Lin Shen Jie-Feng Tan Xian-You Luo De Li yong Chen Guangdong Key Laboratory for Hydrogen Energy Technologies School of Materials Science and Hydrogen EnergyFoshan UniversityFoshan 528000China State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti ResourcesHainan UniversityHaikou 570228China

Hard carbon(HC)has emerged as one of the superior anode materials for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs),with its electrochemical performance significantly influenced by the presence of oxygen functional groups and its closed pore ***,current research on the structural adjustment of these oxygen functional groups and the closed pore architecture within HC remains ***,energy-efficient and contamination-free spark plasma sintering technology was employed to tune the structure of coconut-shell HC,resulting in significant adjustments to the content of carboxyl(decreasing from 5.71 at%to 2.12 at%)and hydroxyl groups(decreasing from 7.73 at%to 6.26 at%).Crucially,these modifications reduced the irreversible reaction of oxygen functional groups with na^(+).Simultaneously,a substantial number of closed pores with an average diameter of 1.22 nm were generated within the HC,offering an ideal environment for efficient na^(+)*** structural changes resulted in a remarkable improvement in the electrochemical performance of the modified *** reversible specific capacity of the modified HC surged from 73.89 mAh·g^(-1)to an impressive 251.97 m Ah·g^(-1)at a current density of 50 mA·g^(-1).Even at 400 mA·g^(-1),the reversible specific capacity increased significantly from 14.55 to 85.44 mAh·g^(-1).Hence,this study provides a novel perspective for designing tailored HC materials with the potential to develop high-performance SIBs.

关键词： Hard carbon Spark plasma sintering Sodiumion batteries Closed pores Oxygen functional groups

Structures and ion transport mechanisms of plant high-affinity potassium transporters

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Molecular Plant 2024年第3期17卷 409-422页

作者： Jiangqin Wang Yanping Luo Fan Ye Zhong Jie Ding Shao Jian Zheng Shuai Qiao yong Wang Jiangtao Guo Wei Yang nannan Su international Institutes of Medicine the Fourth Affiliated HospitalZhejang University School of MedicineYiwuZhejiang 322000China Department of Biophysics and Department of Neurology of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejang 310058China State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience College of Life SciencesZhejang UniversityHangzhouZhejang 310058China College of Life Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310058China NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine IntegrationSchool of Brain Science and Brain MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310058China nanhu Brain-computer Interface Institute Hangzhou.Zheiang 311100.China

Plant high-affinity K^(+) transporters(HKTs)mediate na^(+) and K^(+) uptake,maintain na^(+)/K^(+) homeostasis,and therefore play crucial roles in plant salt *** this study,we present cryoelectron microscopy structures of HKTs from two classes,classI HKT1;1 from Arabidopsis thaliana(AtHKT1;1)and class II HKT2;1 from Triticum aestivum(TaHKT2;1),in both na^(+) -and K^(+) -bound states at 2.6-to 3.0-A ***1;1and TaHKT2;1function *** HKT subunit consists of four tan-dem domain units(D1-D4)with a repeated K^(+) -channel-like M-P-M *** each subunit,D1-D4 assemble into an ion conduction pore with a pseudo-four-fold *** both TaHKT2;1and AtHKT1;1 have only one putative na^(+) ion bound in the selectivity filter with a similar coordination pattern,the two HKTs display different K^(+) binding modes in the ***2;1 has three K^(+) ions bound in the selec-tivity filter,but AtHKT1;1 has only two K^(+) ions bound in the filter,which has a narrowed external entrance due to the presence of a Ser residue in the first filter *** structures,along with compu-tational,mutational,and electrophysiological analyses,enable us to pinpoint key residues that are critical for the ion selectivity of *** findings provide new insights into the ion selectivity and ion transport mechanisms of plant HKTs and improve our understanding about how HKTs mediate plant salt tolerance and enhance crop growth.

关键词： HKTs structure ion selectivity mechanism salt tolerance

Construction of metal-organic frameworks with unsaturated Cu sites for efficient and fast reduction of nitroaromatics:A combined experimental and theoretical study

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第8期35卷 514-519页

作者： Longlong Geng Huiling Liu Wenfeng Zhou yong-Zheng Zhang Hongliang Huang Da-Shuai Zhang Hui Hu Chao Lv Xiuling Zhang Suijun Liu Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Monocrystalline Silicon Semiconductor Materials and Technology College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringDezhou UniversityDezhou 253023China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University of TechnologyZibo 255000China State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials ChemistryJiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou 341000China

Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)functionalized with open metal sites(OMSs)have received widespread attention in various applications due to their fascinating electronic properties and unique interactions with guest ***,rational tailoring of the coordination environment of metal nodes dur-ing the synthesis of MOFs remains a great challenge due to their tendency of saturated coordination with ***,we reported the construction of three new MOFs featuring unsaturated Cu(Ⅱ)sites,namely[Cu(HCOO)(pzta)]_(n)(HL-1),{[Cu(PTA)0.5(pzta)(H_(2)O)]·2H_(2)O}_(n)(HL-2)and[Cu(na)0.5(pzta)]_(n)(HL-3)(Hpzta=3-pyrazinyl-1,2,4-triazole;PTA=terephthalic acid;na=1,4-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid),based on the mixed-linker strategy via specific selection of versatile Hpzta ligand and carboxylate ***-markably,the obtained MOFs exhibited excellent activity and good recyclability for the catalytic reduction of nitroaromatics under mild conditions(25℃and 1 atm).In particular,the complete conversion of 4-nitrophenol(4-NP)took only 30 s on HL-2,reaching a record-high TOF value compared with previously reported metal *** combined experimental and theoretical studies on HL-2 revealed that the open Cu site with positive-charged nature could improve the adsorption and subsequent electron trans-port between the substrates,and was responsible for the outstanding *** work shined lights on the further enhancement of performance for MOFs through rational OMSs construction.

关键词： Metal-organic frameworks Open metal sites Catalysis Copper node 4-Nitrophenol

Characterization and evaluation of UV-irradiation aging of urushi by micro-UV/Py-GC/MS system

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2023年第8期66卷 2258-2270页

作者： WANG na GU An LEI yong Department of Conservation Science The Palace MuseumBeijing 100009China

Lacquer is the main raw material of lacquerware,while UV-irradiation is an important factor leading to its *** order to investigate the aging behavior of urushi lacquer film under UV-irradiation,and to propose parameters that can be used to evaluate its aging degree,the micro-UV/Py-GC/MS system has been applied in the present work to enrich and identify volatile products released by urushi film during aging on the one hand,and to investigate micro-amount and conventional urushi films with different aging degrees on the other hand,in addition,representative historical samples have also been *** products released by urushi film demonstrate that during UV-irradiation,polysaccharides wrapping urushiol polymer would be first degraded to generate furans and alcohols,and then urushiol polymer would undergo photo-oxidation and break of molecular chain,mainly generating oxidation products including aldehydes,organic acids,and ketones,as well as a small number of alkyl benzenes and ***-GC/MS analysis of micro-amount urushi films with different aging degrees indicates that UVirradiation is more destructive to aliphatic chains in urushiol polymer,but it also can accelerate the polymerization of microamount urushi ***-GC/MS analysis of conventional urushi films indicates that with the increase of aging degree,the total chromatographic peak area ratio of hydrocarbons to benzene derivatives gradually increases,the peak area ratio of 3-pentadecenyl-catechol to 3-pentadecyl-catechol gradually decreases,and the peak area ratio of aging products of urushiol to 3-pentadecyl-catechol gradually *** above parameters were further used to evaluate the aging degree of two urushicontained samples separately collected from the surface and interior of a carved lacquer panel in the Forbidden City,and evaluation results are in accord with the natural aging law and further verify the reliability of the proposed *** results of the pre

关键词： urushi UV-irradiation aging micro-UV/Py-GC/MS aging degree evaluation

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不同赋存形式H_(2)映震特征及机理分析

地震 2024年第3期44卷 138-155页

作者：李娜向阳李新勇汪成国新疆维吾尔自治区地震局新疆乌鲁木齐830011 中国矿业大学北京100083

乌鲁木齐04泉水中溶解气H_(2)和阿克苏断层土壤气H_(2)监测点均属新疆地震监测预报评估A类。本文以二者为研究对象,分析不同赋存形式H_(2)浓度的动态变化特征;利用R值评分方法和Molchan图表法对H_(2)浓度进行映震效能检验,并提取异常指... 详细信息

乌鲁木齐04泉水中溶解气H_(2)和阿克苏断层土壤气H_(2)监测点均属新疆地震监测预报评估A类。本文以二者为研究对象,分析不同赋存形式H_(2)浓度的动态变化特征;利用R值评分方法和Molchan图表法对H_(2)浓度进行映震效能检验,并提取异常指标;探讨和分析不同赋存形式H_(2)的映震机理。结论如下:乌鲁木齐04泉水中溶解气H_(2)浓度受气象因素影响较小,而阿克苏断层土壤气H_(2)浓度受气压和气温双重影响,其中以气温影响为主。R值评分方法和Molchan图表法检验显示,两个监测点均具有较好的短期预测效能。H_(2)浓度测项具有较好的短临预测效能,这得益于H_(2)的物理化学性质稳定且迁移速度极快。

关键词：地震监测 H_(2) 影响因素映震效能异常指标机理

Frameworked electrolytes:Ionic transport behavior and high mobility for solid state batteries

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InfoMat 2024年第2期6卷 76-89页

作者： Jianguo Sun Hao Yuan Jing Yang Tuo Wang Yulin Gao Qi Zhao Ximeng Liu Haimei Wang yong-Wei Zhang John Wang Department of Materials Science and Engineering National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Institute of High Performance Computing(IHPC) Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)SingaporeSingapore ST Engineering Advanced Material Engineering Pte.Ltd. SingaporeSingapore national University of Singapore(Chongqing)Research Institute Chongqing Liang Jiang New AreaChongqingthe People's Republic of China Institute of Materials Research and Engineering(IMRE) Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)SingaporeSingapore

All solid-state batteries(ASSBs)are the holy grails of rechargeable batteries,where extensive searches are ongoing in the pursuit of ideal solid-state ***,there is still a long way off to the satisfactorily high(enough)ionic conductivity,long-term stability and especially being able to form compatible interfaces with the solid ***,we have explored ionic transport behavior and high mobility in the sub-nano pore networks in the framework ***,the frameworked electrolyte behaves as a solid,and however in the(sub)-nano scales,the very limited number of solvent molecules in confinement makes them completely different from that in liquid *** from a liquid-electrolyte counterpart,the interactions between the mobile ions and surrounding molecules are subject to dramatic changes,leading to a high ionic conductivity at room temperature with a low activation ***+ions in the sub-nano cages of the network structure are highly mobile and diffuse rather independently,where the rate-limiting step of ions crossing cages is driven by the local concentration gradient and the electrostatic interactions between Li^(+)*** new class of frameworked electrolytes(FEs)with both high ionic conductivity and desirable interface with solid electrodes are demonstrated to work with Li-ion batteries,where the ASSB with LiFePO_(4)shows a highly stable electrochemical performance of over 450 cycles at 2℃ at room temperature,with an almost negligible capacity fade of 0.03‰ each *** addition,the FE shows outstanding flexibility and anti-flammability,which are among the key requirements of large-scale applications.

关键词： frameworked electrolyte macroscopically solid with 3D ionic channels in sub-nano-scales solid-state battery space confinement of Li ions

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光储逆变器自适应分数阶重复控制

电力电子技术 2024年第3期58卷 71-74页

作者：郭义娜王勇上海交通大学电子信息与电气工程学院上海200240

HERIC逆变器由于其低漏电流和高效率的特点,在单相光储系统中得到普遍应用,但在非单位功率因数调制下考虑多台光储逆变器并联时,采用下垂控制引起的频率波动会导致逆变器输出电压谐波分量增多、波形畸变等问题。针对该问题,此处提出了... 详细信息

HERIC逆变器由于其低漏电流和高效率的特点,在单相光储系统中得到普遍应用,但在非单位功率因数调制下考虑多台光储逆变器并联时,采用下垂控制引起的频率波动会导致逆变器输出电压谐波分量增多、波形畸变等问题。针对该问题,此处提出了基于二阶广义积分器的单相锁相环(SOGI-PLL)和相角补偿相结合的方法去改善波形畸变,同时提出了在固定采样频率下,基于拉格朗日插值法的有限脉冲响应(FIR)滤波器的自适应分数阶重复控制策略,来消除加入下垂控制频率波动造成的电压谐波分量。最后,搭建了实验平台对所提出的策略进行了验证,实验结果表明优化后的策略可以改善逆变器输出电压波形畸变并减小电压谐波,提高了电能质量。

关键词：逆变器二阶广义积分器分数阶重复控制

China's agriculture green development: from concept to actions

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第1期11卷 20-34页

作者： Haixing ZHANG Yuan FENG Yanxiang JIA Pengqi LIU yong HOU Jianbo SHEN Qichao ZHU Fusuo ZHANG national Academy of Agriculture Green Development China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Environmental Economics and natural Resources Group Wageningen University and ResearchP.O.Box 81306700 EW Wageningenthe Netherlands

China has initiated a green transformation plan in 2015, which was soon applied to agriculture, known as the agriculture green development(AGD)initiative, with the goals of achieving food security, high resource use efficiency, and an ecofriendly environment. To assess the agricultural transformation from 1997 to 2020, this paper proposes a national-scale indicator system consisting three dimensions(socioeconomic, food production and eco-environmental) and ten sub-dimensions to quantify the AGD *** study showed that AGD score in China was at a moderate level during 1997–2010, scoring 40 out of 100. During this stage, decreased scores in the sub-dimensions of resource consumption, environmental quality, and environmental cost have offset the improvement in the socioeconomic dimension, resulting in fluctuated scores around 40. In the second stage(2011–2020), China's AGD score improved but still at moderate level, scoring an average of 46.3, with each dimension increasing by 5.3%–25.0%. These results indicate that China has made progress in the agricultural transformation, transitioning from conceptualization to actions through the implementation of various policies and projects. However, the study emphasizes the need for more effort to address the insufficient and unbalanced development, along with the growing eco-environmental challenges, especially the trade-offs among dimensions.

关键词： Agricultural transformation agriculture green development historical trend indicator system theoretical conception

Reversible Mn^(2+)/Mn^(4+)double-electron redox in P3-type layer-structured sodium-ion cathode

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第2期89卷 79-88,I0004页

作者： Jie Zeng Jian Bao Ya Zhang Xun-Lu Li Cui Ma Rui-Jie Luo Chong-Yu Du Xuan Xu Zhe Mei Zhe Qian yong-Ning Zhou Department of Materials Science Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Shanghai Xuanyi New Energy Development Co. LtdShanghai 201800China Global Institute of Future Technology Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

The balance between cationic redox and oxygen redox in layer-structured cathode materials is an important issue for sodium batteries to obtain high energy density and considerable cycle *** redox can contribute extra capacity to increase energy density,but results in lattice instability and capacity fading caused by lattice oxygen gliding and oxygen *** this work,reversible Mn^(2+)/Mn^(4+)redox is realized in a P3-na_(0.65)Li_(0.2)Co_(0.05)Mn_(0.75)O_(2)cathode material with high specific capacity and structure stability via Co *** contribution of oxygen redox is suppressed significantly by reversible Mn^(2+)/Mn^(4+)redox without sacrificing capacity,thus reducing lattice oxygen release and improving the structure *** X-ray techniques reveal that P3 phase is well maintained in a wide voltage window of 1.5-4.5 V ***^(+)/na even at 10 C and after long-term *** is disclosed that charge compensation from Co/Mn-ions contributes to the voltage region below 4.2 V and O-ions contribute to the whole voltage *** synergistic contributions of Mn^(2+)/Mn^(4+),Co^(2+)/Co^(3+),and O^(2-)/(O_n)^(2-)redox in P3-na_(0.65)Li_(0.2)Co_(0.05)Mn_(0.75)O_(2)lead to a high reversible capacity of 215.0 m A h g^(-1)at 0.1 C with considerable cycle *** strategy opens up new opportunities for the design of high capacity cathode materials for rechargeable batteries.

关键词： Sodium batteries Cathode materials Layered structure Co substitution