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Automatic Detection of Nephrops Norvegicus Burrows from Underwater Imagery Using Deep Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第3期70卷 5321-5344页

作者： Atif Naseer Enrique Nava Baro Sultan Daud Khan yolanda Vila Jennifer Doyle ETSI Telecomunicación Universidad deMálagaMálaga29071Spain Department of Computer Science National University of TechnologyIslamabad44000Pakistan Instituto Espanol de Oceanografía Centro Oceanográfico de CádizCádiz39004Spain Marine Institute Rinville OranmoreIreland

The Norway lobster,Nephrops norvegicus,is one of the main commercial crustacean fisheries in *** abundance of Nephrops norvegicus stocks is assessed based on identifying and counting the burrows where they live from underwater videos collected by camera systems mounted on *** Spanish Oceanographic Institute(IEO)andMarine Institute Ireland(MIIreland)conducts annual underwater television surveys(UWTV)to estimate the total abundance of Nephrops within the specified area,with a coefficient of variation(CV)or relative standard error of less than 20%.Currently,the identification and counting of the Nephrops burrows are carried out manually by the marine *** is quite a time-consuming *** a solution,we propose an automated system based on deep neural networks that automatically detects and counts the Nephrops burrows in video footage with high *** proposed system introduces a deep-learning-based automated way to identify and classify the Nephrops *** research work uses the current state-of-the-art Faster RCNN models Inceptionv2 and MobileNetv2 for object detection and *** conduct experiments on two data sets,namely,the Smalls Nephrops survey(FU 22)and Cadiz Nephrops survey(FU 30),collected by Marine Institute Ireland and Spanish Oceanographic Institute,*** the results,we observe that the Inception model achieved a higher precision and recall rate than *** best mean Average Precision(mAP)recorded by the Inception model is 81.61%compared to MobileNet,which achieves the best mAP of 75.12%.

关键词： Faster RCNN computer vision nephrops norvegicus nephrops norvegicus stock assessment underwater videos classification

Roles of the main olfactory and vomeronasal systems in the detection of androstenone in inbred strains of mice

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Current Zoology 2010年第6期56卷 813-818页

作者： vera V. VOZNESSENSKAYA Maria A. KLYUCHNIKOVA Charles J. WYSOCKI A.N. Severtzov Institute of Ecology & Evolution RAS Monell Chemical Senses Center

We investigated the role of the main olfactory and accessory olfactory systems （MOS and AOS respectively） in the detection of androstenone. We used the following experimental approaches： behavioral, surgical removal of the vomeronasal organ （VNX） followed by histochemical verification and Fos immunohistochemistry. Using a Y-maze paradigm we estimated sensitivity of NZB/B1NJ and CBA/J mice to androstenone. CBA mice were 2,000-fold more sensitive to androstenone than NZB mice. VNX caused a 4-tol6-fold decrease in sensitivity to androstenone in highly-sensitive CBA mice, but did not affect thresholds in NZB mice. Results indicate the involvement of the MOS and AOS in the detection of androstenone. We observed a specific pattern of Fos-positive cells in the main olfactory bulb of CBA mice but not in NZB mice subsequent to exposure of mice to androstenone; the compound activated cells in the accessory olfactory bulb in both strains of mice, indicating the involvement of the vomeronasal organ. Patterns of Fos-positive cells in the vomeronasal organ were recorded subsequent to exposure to androstenone. Fos-positive receptor cells in the vomeronasal organ of CBA and NZB mice were different, in CBA mice Fos-positive cells were noted in both the basal and apical zones, however, in NZB mice activation was observed only in the apical zone [Current Zoology 56 （6）： 813-818, 2010].

关键词： Olfaction Vomeronasal organ Chemosensory receptors Olfactory behavior Immunohistochemistry

Trends in lactose-derived bioactives:synthesis and purification

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Systems Microbiology and Biomanufacturing 2022年第3期2卷 393-412页

作者： Carlos vera Cecilia Guerrero Andrés Illanes Department of Biology Faculty of Chemistry and BiologyUniversidad de Santiago de Chile(USACH)SantiagoChile School of Biochemical Engineering Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso(PUCV)ValparaisoChile

Lactose obtained from cheese whey is a low value commodity despite its great potential as raw material for the production of bioactive *** them,prebiotics stand out as valuable ingredients to be added to food matrices to build up functional foods,which currently represent the most active sector within the food *** foods market has been growing steadily in the recent decades along with the increasing awareness of the World population about healthy nutrition,and this is having a strong impact on lactose-derived *** of them are produced by enzyme biocatalysis because of molecular precision and environmental sustainability *** current status and outlook of the production of lactose-derived bioactive compounds is presented with special emphasis on downstream operations which are critical because of the rather modest lactose conversion and product yields that are *** though some of these products have already an established market,there are still several challenges referring to the need of developing better catalysts and more cost-effective downstream operations for delivering high quality products at affordable *** technological push is expected to broaden the spectrum of lactose-derived bioactive compounds to be produced at industrial scale in the near future.

关键词： Prebiotic Lactose β-Galactosidase Oligosaccharide purification

Gut microbiota-related complications in cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第42期20卷 15624-15631页

作者： Isabel Gómez-Hurtado José Such yolanda Sanz Rubén Francés CIBERehd-Liver Unit Hospital General Universitario Alicante Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de los Alimentos Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IATACSIC) Carrer Catedràtic Agustín Escardino Benlloch

Gut microbiota plays an important role in cirrhosis. The liver is constantly challenged with commensal bacteria and their products arriving through the portal vein in the so-called gut-liver axis. Bacterial translocation from the intestinal lumen through the intestinal wall and to mesenteric lymph nodes is facilitated by intestinal bacterial overgrowth, impairment in the permeability of the intestinal mucosal barrier, and deficiencies in local host immune defences. Deranged clearance of endogenous bacteria from portal and systemic circulation turns the gut into the major source of bacterialrelated complications. Liver function may therefore be affected by alterations in the composition of the intestinal microbiota and a role for commensal flora has been evidenced in the pathogenesis of several complications arising in end-stage liver disease such as hepatic encephalopathy, splanchnic arterial vasodilatation and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. The use of antibioticsis the main therapeutic pipeline in the management of these bacteria-related ***,other strategies aimed at preserving intestinal homeostasis through the use of pre-,pro-or symbiotic formulations are being studied in the last *** this review,the role of intestinal microbiota in the development of the most frequent complications arising in cirrhosis and the different clinical and experimental studies conducted to prevent or improve these complications by modifying the gut microbiota composition are summarized.

关键词： Cirrhosis Encephalopathy Portal hypertension Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis Microbiota Bacterial translocation

Effects of coals microscale structural features on their mechanical properties,propensity to crushing and fine dust formation

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2023年第2期10卷 146-158页

作者： Elena Kossovich Svetlana Epshtein vera Krasilova Jie Hao Maxim Minin National University of Science and Technology"MISIS" 4build.1Leninsky prospectMoscow 119049Russian Federation

The work is dedicated to revealing the structural features of coals with different ranks,such as anthracites,metaanthracite and graphite,that determine their ability to crush and form fine *** this purpose,a combination of various nanoin-dentation techniques and Raman spectroscopy was *** mechanical behavior of the selected coals was investigated by cyclic nanoindentation with increasing peak load and quasi-static *** alteration of the mechanical properties was studied by analysis of elastic moduli and damage indices *** groups of coals were identified based on their propensity to crushing during cyclic *** assigned to the first and second groups are characterized by local destruction in the contact zone with the indenter and the formation of a core of crushed *** assigned to the third group are characterized by bulk destruction(outside the zone of contact with the indenter).In general,the ability of coals to fracture under mechanical loading decreases in the series of metamorphism due to microscale compaction of vitrinite *** the series of anthracite,metaanthracite and graphite,it is established that the coal matter compaction takes place for the anthracite and metaanthracite,whereas graphite reveals rather different behavior due to abrupt change of its *** ratios between the amorphous and crystalline phases of carbon(S)were determined by deconvolution of coals Raman *** propensity of coals to crushing(a damage index Rw)increases with growth of the proportion of amorphous carbon in the coal *** the considered coals and metaanthracite,it is established that the proneness to destruction outside the contact zone with the indenter is determined by the ratio of amorphous and crystalline carbon of 1 and *** S parameter is lower than 1,the coals are being crushed only in the zone of contact with the indenter.

关键词： Coal Crushing Cyclic nanoindentation Raman spectroscopy Amorphous carbon Crystalline carbon

Effects of a long-term physical exercise program with and without diet on obese boys after six-month detraining

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2014年第1期10卷 38-45页

作者： Antonio García-Hermoso Jose M Saavcdra yolanda Escalante Ana M Domíngue Faculty of Sport Sciences AFIDES Research GroupUniversity of ExtremaduraSpain

Background:Most studies on physical fitness and detraining have been conducted on normal-weight *** results indicate that any gains regress to the untrained control values during the detraining ***,therefore,seems necessary to determine how detraining affects the different fitness parameters in obese *** aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of detraining(6 months)on kinanthropometry and the components of physical fitness after an intervention(31 months)consisting of a program of exercise and/or diet for obese ***:The participants were 18 boys,aged between 8 and 11 years,divided into E and E+D groups according to the program they *** E group followed a physical exercise program(three 90-minute sessions/week),and the E+D group the same physical exercise program plus a low calorie *** fitness was assessed by the European physical fitness test battery including flamingo balance,plate tapping,sit-andreach,standing broad jump,hand-grip strength,sit-ups,bent-arm hang,10×5-metre shuttle run,and 20-metre endurance shuttle *** Kruskal-Wallis test was applied to reveal overall intergroup differences(E and E+D groups),and measurements showing significant differences were further analysed for differences between individual groups by the Mann-Whitney U ***:In both groups,changes were observed in various physical fitness parameters,especially limb speed(E group,P=0.001;E+D group,P=0.002),agility(E group,P<0.001;E+D group,P<0.001),and aerobic fitness(E group,P=0.009;E+D group,P=0.002).Conclusion:Detraining after a long-term intervention based on the combination of exercise program and exercise program plus diet in obese boys does not affect the changes attained during the intervention.

关键词： aerobic fitness agility balance body mass index strength

Neural Network Based Diagnostics of Actuator for an Attitude Control System

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Computer Aided Drafting,Design and Manufacturing 2010年第2期20卷 59-67页

作者： SALOMON montenegro School of Astronautics Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

The objective of this paper is to develop a neural network-based residual generator to detect the fault in the actuators for a specific communication satellite in its attitude control system （ACS）. First, a dynamic multilayer perceptron network with dynamic neurons is used, these neurons correspond to a second order linear Infinite Impulse Response （IIR） filter and a nonlinear activation function with adjustable parameters. Second, the parameters from the network are adjusted to minimize a performance index specified by the output estimated error, with the given input-output data collected from the specific ACS. Then, the proposed dynamic neural network is trained and applied for detecting the faults injected to the wheel, which is the main actuator in the normal mode for the communication satellite. Then the performance and capabilities of the proposed network were tested and compared with a conventional model-based observer residual, showing the differences between these two methods, and indicating the benefit of the proposed algorithm to know the real status of the momentum wheel. Finally, the application of the methods in a satellite ground station is discussed.

关键词： satellite attitude control momentum wheel neural network fault detection

Quantitative genetic analysis of chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters in maize in the field environments

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2014年第7期56卷 695-708页

作者： Domagoj ?imi? Hrvoje Lepedu? Vlatka Jurkovi? Jasenka Antunovi? vera Cesar Agricultural Institute Osijek Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Department of Biology Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek

Chlorophyl fluorescence transient from initial to maximum fluorescence （“P”step） throughout two intermedi-ate steps （“J”and“I”）（JIP-test） is considered a reliable early quantitative indicator of stress in plants. The JIP-test is particularly useful for crop plants when applied in variable field environments. The aim of the present study was to conduct a quantitative trait loci （QTL） analysis for nine JIP-test parameters in maize during flowering in four field environ-ments differing in weather conditions. QTL analysis and identification of putative candidate genes might help to explain the genetic relationship between photosynthesis and different field scenarios in maize plants. The JIP-test param-eters were analyzed in the intermated B73 ？ Mo17 （IBM） maize population of 205 recombinant inbred lines. A set of 2,178 molecular markers across the whole maize genome was used for QTL analysis revealing 10 significant QTLs for seven JIP-test parameters, of which five were co-localized when combined＆amp;nbsp;over the four environments indicating polygenic inheritance and pleiotropy. Our results demonstrate that QTL analysis of chlorophyl fluorescence parameters was capable of detecting one pleiotropic locus on chromosome 7, coinciding with the gene gst23 that may be associated with efficient photosynthe-sis under different field scenarios.

关键词： Chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters field conditions intermated B73× Mo17 recombinant inbred lines JIP-test maize (Zeamays L.) quantitative trait loci

Contemplative sciences:A future beyond mindfulness

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2021年第4期11卷 87-93页

作者： Javier Garcia-Campayo yolanda Lopez del Hoyo Mayte Navarro-Gil Department of Psychiatry Miguel Servet HospitalAragon Institute for Health ResearchUniversity of ZaragozaZaragoza 50009Spain Department of Psychology and Sociology University of ZaragozaZaragoza 50009Spain

Mindfulness is a psychological technique based on Eastern meditative practices that was developed in the late 1970s by Kabat-Zinn at the University of ***,there was a debate over whether it should be considered a scientific technique or labelled as part of the“new wave”***,mindfulness is omnipresent in modern societies but has suffered from merchandising and banalization,which has been strongly *** some limitations regarding methodological aspects of mindfulness research,it is considered effective for treating many physical and psychological disorders,and even it is recommended in clinical guidelines such the British National Institute for Health and Care *** the last 2500 years,mindfulness practices have moved from Northern India across most of Asia,but their mixing with Western science and culture at the end of the 20^(th)century is considered a key event in recent *** the first time in human history,due to globalization,the wisdom of all contemplative traditions can be shared with all human beings and assessed by *** practices,yoga included,are giving birth to a new field of knowledge,contemplative sciences,which go beyond mindfulness and is devoted to helping humanity to reach higher levels of happiness and mental peace.

关键词： Contemplative sciences Mindfulness Meditation Compassion Psychotherapy Wellness