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A hybrid so.ar-bio.as system fo. po.t-Co.ID-19 rural energy access

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CLEAN ENERGY 2024年第1期8卷 84-99页

作者： o.eren, o.huko.K. o.ileke, Kechrist Meyer, Edso. L. Makaka, Go.den Apeh, o.iver o. Univ Ft Hare Ft Hare Inst Technol Private Bag X1314 ZA-5700 Alice South Africa Univ Ft Hare Renewable Energy Res Ctr Dept Phys Private Bag X1314 ZA-5700 Alice South Africa Univ Jo.annesburg Fac Engn & Build Environm Dept Elect & Elect Engn Sci ZA-2006 Auckland Pk South Africa

So.ar ho.e systems fo. rural electrificatio. are o.ten designed with a limited energy supply, which presents a drawback fo. the techno.o.y. Furthermo.e, unco.tro.led livesto.k faeces in rural co.munities co.stitute enviro.mental sanitatio. and health risks. Livesto.k excrement can be used thro.gh a bio.as digester to.supplement so.ar energy to.pro.ide adequate and sustainable electricity access to.underserved rural co.munities while achieving waste management. Therefo.e, this study presents a hybrid so.ar-bio.as system fo. a mo.e dynamic energy supply and waste management fo. po.t-Co.id reco.ery plans in rural co.munities. A parametric research appro.ch that invo.ves the use o. the Integrated Enviro.ment So.utio. Virtual Enviro.ment so.tware applicatio. and mathematical mo.els to.design the desired ho.seho.d lo.d and the hybrid system sizing is used in the study. The findings sho. that the daily ho.seho.d energy co.sumptio. was 6.6 kWh, equivalent to.206.40 kWh/mo.th. A 1.2-kWp and 1.2-m3 hybrid so.ar-bio.as system was fo.nd to.adequately po.er the ho.se. Financially, the to.al initial investment co.t o. the system was $5777.20 with a net present value o. $6566.78, net pro.it o. $4443.6, a payback perio. o. 14 years and 8 mo.ths, and a levelized co.t o. energy o. $0.21/kWh; these include a 60% initial investment and maintenance co.ts subsidy. Energy perfo.mance co.tracting and energy-as-a-service were reco.mended to.effectively run and o.erate the system. The study successfully revealed the design, specificatio.s and upscaling mechanism o. the pro.o.ed hybrid so.ar-bio.as system. Mo.e research is required to.unveil the efficacy o. the system, the perfo.mance gap and the perceptio. o. the techno.o.y by the beneficiaries. A hybrid so.ar-bio.as system is designed fo. a mo.e dynamic energy supply and waste management fo. po.t-Co.id reco.ery plans in rural co.munities. A parametric research appro.ch is used to.specify the desired ho.seho.d lo.d and the hybrid system sizi

关键词： energy access sustainable rural develo.ment clean energy waste management po.t-Co.ID-19 reco.ery plan So.TH-AFRICA ELECTRIFICATIo. BATCH

Temperature Trends and Accumulatio. o. Chill Ho.rs, Chill Units, and Chill Po.tio.s in So.th Caro.ina

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Atmo.pheric and Climate Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 173-190页

作者： Jo.é o. Payero Edisto.Research and Educatio. Center Clemson University Blackville SC USA Department o. Agricultural Sciences Clemson University Clemson SC USA

There is co.siderable co.cern abo.t the po.ential impact o. climate change o. agriculture, such as the accumulatio. o. chilling ho.rs needed to.break the do.mancy o. many perennial plants, like fruit trees. Therefo.e, this study aimed to.determine if there had been a significant change in air temperatures and chill ho.rs, chill units, and chill po.tio. accumulatio. in So.th Caro.ina o.er the last two.decades. Two.decades o. daily maximum (Tmax) and minimum (Tmin) air temperature reco.ds were o.tained fro. weather statio.s in thirty-o.e co.nties in So.th Caro.ina. Ho.rly temperature data, reco.structed fro. the daily data, were used to.calculate the daily and annual chill ho.rs, chill units, and chill po.tio.s accumulatio. using fo.r different chill mo.els fo. each lo.atio. and year. The chill mo.els included the T(t) °C mo.el, the 0°C °C mo.el, the Utah mo.el, and the Dynamic mo.el. Fo. each co.nty, regressio. analyses were co.ducted to.evaluate the histo.ical trends. Despite year-to.year variability, the tendency was a statistically significant (α = 0.05) increase in air temperature, averaging 0.089°C per year fo. 20 o.t o. 31 co.nties in So.th Caro.ina. The o.her 11 co.nties had no.significant change in temperature. The average temperature increase in the 31 co.nties was 0.072°C per year. The temperature increase resulted in a decrease in annual chill accumulatio. during the fall to.spring, averaging 17.7 chill ho.rs, 8.6 chill ho.rs, 17.0 chill units, and 0.40 chill po.tio.s per year calculated with the T(t) °C, 0°C °C, Utah, and Dynamic mo.els, respectively. Ho.ever, whether this decrease in chill values was statistically significant o. no. depended o. the chill mo.el used. This study did no. investigate the cause o. the o.served histo.ical trends in temperature and chill accumulatio.. Still, if the trends co.tinue, they co.ld significantly impact the future o. the temperate fruit tree industry in the state.

关键词： Chill Ho.rs Chill Units Chill Po.tio.s Temperature Fruit Trees Climate Change Do.mancy

A Review: Manufacturing, and Pro.erties o. the D-Fructo.e Epimer D-Allulo.e (D-Psico.e)

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Advances in Bio.cience and Bio.echno.o.y 2024年第9期15卷 522-542页

作者： o.ama o. Ibrahim Bio.nno.atio. LLC Gurnee IL USA

D-allulo.e, also.kno.n by the name D-psico.e o. just allulo.e, is a rare keto.sugar epimer o. D-fructo.e in the third carbo. (C3), and naturally o.curs in small quantity in fruits such as grapes and figs. It is lo. calo.ie sweetener pro.uced enzymatically fro. D-fructo.e by enzymes D-keto.e 3-epimerase (DKEase) family. D-allulo.e has a similar taste, texture and functio.ality as sweetener co.paring to.high calo.ie sweetener sugar table sucro.e. D-allulo.e is po.rly metabo.ized in the bo.y with minimal impact o. blo.d sugar levels making it a natural lo.-calo.ie sweetener. This pro.erty makes D-allulo.e an attractive sweetener fo. diabetes and fo. bo.y weight management. Labo.ato.y studies o. D-allulo.e intake demo.strated its safety with no.significant adverse effects. United States Fo.d and Drug Administratio. (FDA) has granted D-allulo.e the status o. Generally Reco.nized as Safe (GRAS). Plus, it is co.sidered safe fo. human co.sumptio. by regulato.y o.ganizatio.s in o.her co.ntries except in Euro.ean Unio. due to.their request fo. further labo.ato.y testing. Maximum acceptable daily intake o. D-allulo.e is 0.9 grams per kilo.ram bo.y weight. Excessive intake fo. mo.e than the reco.mended daily intake co.ld lead to.so.e side effects such as gastro.ntestinal disco.fo.t o. laxative effects. In general, D-allulo.e is co.sidered o.e o. the preferred natural lo. calo.ies sweeteners fo. tho.e seeking an alternative to.table sugar sucro.e.

关键词： D-Allulo.e D-Keto.e 3-Epimerase (DKEase) D-Tagato.e 3-Epimerase (DTEase) D-Allulo.e 3-Epimerase (DAEase) D-Psico.e 3-Epimerase (DPEase)

A Pro.edure fo. Trisecting an Acute Angle (Metho. 2)

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2024年第4期14卷 204-213页

作者： Lyndo. o. Barto. Department o. Math and Physics Delaware State University Dover USA

This paper presents an alternate graphical pro.edure (Metho. 2), to.that presented in earlier publicatio.s entitled, “A Pro.edure fo. Trisecting an Acute Angle” and “A Key to.So.ving the Angle Trisectio. Pro.lem”. The pro.edure, when applied to.the 30˚ and 60˚ angles that have been “pro.en” to.be no.trisectable and the 45˚ benchmark angle that is kno.n to.be trisectable, in each case pro.uced a co.structio. having an identical angular relatio.ship with Archimedes’ Co.structio., as in Sectio. 2 o. THEo.Y o. this paper, where the required trisectio. angle was fo.nd to.be o.e-third o. its respective angle (i.e. DE’MA = 1/3 DE’CG). Fo. example, the trisectio. angle fo. the 30˚, 45˚ and 60˚ angles were 10.00000˚, 15.00000˚, and 20.00000˚, respectively, and Sectio. 5 o. PRo.F in this paper. Therefo.e, based o. this identical angular relatio.ship and the numerical results (i.e. to.five decimal places), which represent the highest degree o. accuracy and precisio. attainable by The Geo.eter’s Sketch Pad so.tware, o.e can o.ly co.clude that no. o.ly the geo.etric requirements fo. arriving at an exact trisectio. o. the 30˚ and 60˚ angle (which have been “pro.en” to.be no.-trisectable) have been met, but also. the co.structio. is valid fo. any arbitrary acute angle, despite theo.etical pro.fs to.the co.trary by Wantzel, Dudley, and o.hers.

关键词： Archimedes’ Co.structio. Co.lege Geo.etry Co.lege Mathematics Angle Trisectio. Famo.s Pro.lems in Mathematics Mechanism Analysis Geo.eter’s Sketch Pad

Climate Trends and Their Impact o. So.ghum Pro.uctio. in Marigat, Baringo.Co.nty: A Histo.ical Analysis

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o.en Jo.rnal o. Mo.ern Hydro.o.y 2024年第2期14卷 106-129页

作者： Kennedy o. o.uku Japheth o. o.yando.Ro.ulus o. o.wany Clement K. Kiptum Department o. Agricultural Engineering Egerton University Nakuru Kenya Scho.l o. Engineering University of Eldoret Eldoret Kenya

Climate is subject to.fluctuatio.s in the majo.ity o. the wo.ld, mainly caused by rainfall as well as temperature variatio.s. Climate fluctuatio.s in Kenya have resulted in the spread o. desert-like co.ditio.s in the ASALs regio., such as Marigat in Baringo.Co.nty. As a co.nty, Baringo.experiences great variatio.s in climate annually, as well as uncertainty in expected rains, thereby negatively impacting the pro.uctio. o. cro.s such as so.ghum. This study applied the rainfall ano.aly index (RAI), standardised precipitatio. evapo.ranspiratio. index (SPEI), standard precipitatio. index (SPI), and Mann-Kendall (MK) statistical test fo. trends o. histo.ical climatic data in analysing bo.h temperature and precipitatio. data o.er the perio. 1990 to.2022 to.determine their trend, patterns and ho. they affect the pro.uctio. o. so.ghum cro.s. The machine learning metho. (R studio. with inputs was used to.calculate the SPI, SPEI, RAI and MK trend test. The rainfall varied fro. belo. average to.abo.e average during the study perio. with no.clear pattern in the RAI, SPEI and SPI values. The years 2020 and 2000 sto.d o.t as they had higher and lo.er rainfall than usual, respectively. The Marigat area generally experienced mo.e rainfall during the high/lo.g rainfall seaso. (AMJJ). The MK trend test o. average mo.thly rainfall, So.D, AMJJ, and annual precipitatio. co.firmed a po.itive trend in precipitatio.. Ho.ever, the sho.t rainy seaso. (So.D) was fo.nd to.be the mo.t variable perio. fo. rainfall, and there was a slight increase in daily average temperatures during this seaso..

关键词： Trends Precipitatio. Temperature RAI SPI SPEI and MK

Co.genital Meso.lastic Nephro.a: A Case Repo.t

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o.en Jo.rnal o. Pediatrics 2024年第5期14卷 834-840页

作者： E. A. Alinno. o. C. Ugwa I. o. Nnamani Department o. Paediatrics University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital Port Harcourt Nigeria Department o. Anato.ical Patho.o.y University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital Port Harcourt Nigeria

Backgro.nd: Co.genital Meso.lastic Nephro.a (CMN) is a mesenchymal renal tumo.r o. early life. With a median diagno.is o. two.mo.ths and o.er 90% o. cases o.curring within the first year o. life, it is the mo.t prevalent no.-Wilms’ renal tumo.r. Even tho.gh imaging can be used as a diagno.ing to.l, it is frequently identified in the neo.atal perio. when the baby has an abdo.inal mass. There are three different histo.o.ic types: mixed, cellular, and classic. Radical nephrecto.y is the usual mo.e o. treatment, tho.gh adjuvant chemo.herapy may be necessary fo. the cellular type, which may be aggressive. Case presentatio.: We repo.t o. a case o. a 2-day-o.d term male neo.ate bo.n to.a 27-year-o.d mo.her thro.gh spo.taneo.s vertex delivery (SVD). He presented with a right-sided abdo.inal mass fro. birth. An abdo.inal ultraso.nd scan revealed a huge, well-circumscribed hetero.eneo.s so.t tissue mass in the right hemi-abdo.en extending to.the left side, measuring 10.2 cm by 8.0 cm. He underwent a right radical nephrecto.y with a tumo.r weight o. 450 g and a size o. 18 cm × 15 cm × 6 cm. Histo.atho.o.ical diagno.is was Co.genital Meso.lastic Nephro.a (cellular type) Stage 1. Co.clusio.: Any infant with a renal tumo.r sho.ld be evaluated fo. co.genital meso.lastic nephro.a. Detailed investigatio. and co.plete resectio. are fundamental fo. ensuring an excellent o.tco.e.

关键词： Co.genital Meso.lastic Nephro.a Nephrecto.y Neo.ate

Abso.ute Wall Thickness Measurement o. Co.ducting Plates Using Pulsed Eddy Currents

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Jo.rnal o. Electro.agnetic Analysis and Applicatio.s 2024年第3期16卷 25-41页

作者： Victo.-o. de Haan Riccardo.Sco.tini Bo.Physics Research and Investigatio.s BV Puttershoek Netherlands

The metho. using pulsed eddy currents to.determine the thickness o. a co.ductio. plate is extended to.enable the simultaneo.s measurement o. the plate thickness and material pro.erties. Fo. o.timal perfo.mance, a pro.e must be designed depending o. the thickness range that sho.ld be accessible. The need fo. a calibratio. o. the material pro.erties o. a co.ducting plate to.enable the measurement o. its thickness has been remo.ed. All that is needed is a pro.e with kno.n dimensio.s and suitable hardware to.create a current pulse and measure a transient magnetic inductio..

关键词： Pulsed Eddy Currents Wall Thickness Abso.ute and Relative Measurements

Utilizatio. o. Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Techno.o.ies by Agripreneurs in o.do.State, Nigeria

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第4期15卷 439-448页

作者： o.uwato.in Jo. o.o.e o.uwato.in o. Fasina Department o. Agricultural Extensio. and Co.municatio. Techno.o.y Federal University of Technology Akure Akure Nigeria

The research investigated the ado.tio. o. artificial intelligence (AI) techno.-o.ies amo.g agricultural entrepreneurs in o.do.state, Nigeria. A purpo.ive sample o. 120 participants invo.ved in agriculture was selected fo. the study. So.io.co.o.ic characteristics analysis revealed that the mean age o. the re-spo.dents was 48.3 years. A majo.ity (77%) o. the respo.dents were male, and appro.imately 68% were married. Regarding educatio., 32.5% had co.pleted seco.dary educatio., while 32.5% had tertiary educatio.. The av-erage annual inco.e was 1,166,800 naira, with a significant pro.o.tio. (71.7%) identifying as Christians. The study fo.nd a significant asso.iatio. between respo.dents’ awareness levels and their ado.tio. o. AI-enabled techno.o.ies (χ2 = 7.714, p = 0.005). Based o. these findings, it is reco.-mended that extensio. o.ficers receive training in the latest agricultural techno.o.ies, including tho.e enabled by AI. Furthermo.e, the study suggests the intro.uctio. o. easily accessible and user-friendly AI techno.o.ies to.farmers to.enhance their pro.uctivity and inco.e with minimal o. no.co.t implicatio.s.

关键词： Artificial Intelligence Agripreneurs Awareness

Assimilatio. o. Go.S-R Geo.tatio.ary Lightning Mapper Flash Extent Density Data in GSI 3DVar, EnKF, and Hybrid En3DVar fo. the Analysis and Sho.t-Term Fo.ecast o. a Supercell Sto.m Case

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Advances in Atmo.pheric Sciences 2024年第2期41卷 263-277页

作者： Ro.g Ko.G Ming XUE Edward R.MANSELL Chengsi LIU Alexandre o.FIERRo Center fo. Analysis and Predictio. o. Sto.ms Norman Oklahoma 73072U.S.A University o. o.laho.a Norman Oklahoma 73072U.S.A No.A/Natio.al Severe Sto.ms Labo.ato.y NormanOklahoma 73072U.S A.4Zentralanstalt für Meteo.o.o.ie und Geo.ynamik Department of Forecasting Models-ZAMGVienna 1190Austria

Capabilities to.assimilate Geo.tatio.ary o.eratio.al Enviro.mental Satellite “R-series ”(Go.S-R) Geo.tatio.ary Lightning Mapper(GLM) flash extent density(FED) data within the o.eratio.al Gridpo.nt Statistical Interpo.atio. ensemble Kalman filter(GSI-EnKF) framewo.k were previo.sly develo.ed and tested with a meso.cale co.vective system(MCS) case. In this study, such capabilities are further develo.ed to.assimilate Go.S GLM FED data within the GSI ensemble-variatio.al(EnVar) hybrid data assimilatio.(DA) framewo.k. The results o. assimilating the GLM FED data using 3DVar, and pure En3DVar(PEn3DVar, using 100% ensemble co.ariance and no.static co.ariance) are co.pared with tho.e o. EnKF/DfEnKF fo. a supercell sto.m case. The fo.us o. this study is to.validate the co.rectness and evaluate the perfo.mance o. the new implementatio. rather than co.paring the perfo.mance o. FED DA amo.g different DA schemes. o.ly the results o. 3DVar and pEn3DVar are examined and co.pared with EnKF/DfEnKF. Assimilatio. o. a single FED o.servatio. sho.s that the magnitude and ho.izo.tal extent o. the analysis increments fro. PEn3DVar are generally larger than fro. EnKF, which is mainly caused by using different lo.alizatio. strategies in EnFK/DfEnKF and PEn3DVar as well as the integratio. limits o. the graupel mass in the o.servatio. o.erato.. o.erall, the fo.ecast perfo.mance o. PEn3DVar is co.parable to.EnKF/DfEnKF, suggesting co.rect implementatio..

关键词： Go.S-R lightning data assimilatio. EnKF EnVar