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Induced pluripotent stem cell-related approaches to generate dopaminergic neurons for Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3193-3206页

作者： Ling-Xiao Yi Hui Ren Woon Genevieve Saw Li Zeng eng King Tan Zhi Dong Zhou National Neuroscience Institute Singapore Nanyang Technology University Singapore Department of Neurology Singapore General HospitalSingapore Signature Research Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingapore

The progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in affected patient brains is one of the pathological features of Parkinson's disease,the second most common human neurodegenerative *** the detailed pathogenesis accounting for dopaminergic neuron degeneration in Parkinson's disease is still unclear,the advancement of stem cell approaches has shown promise for Parkinson's disease research and *** induced pluripotent stem cells have been commonly used to generate dopaminergic neurons,which has provided valuable insights to improve our understanding of Parkinson's disease pathogenesis and contributed to anti-Parkinson's disease *** current review discusses the practical approaches and potential applications of induced pluripotent stem cell techniques for generating and differentiating dopaminergic neurons from induced pluripotent stem *** benefits of induced pluripotent stem cell-based research are *** dopaminergic neuron differentiation protocols from induced pluripotent stem cells are *** emerging three-dimension-based brain organoid models compared with conventional two-dimensional cell culture are ***,limitations,challenges,and future directions of induced pluripotent stem cell–based approaches are analyzed and proposed,which will be significant to the future application of induced pluripotent stem cell-related techniques for Parkinson's disease.

关键词： dopaminergic neurons induced pluripotent stem cells Parkinson's disease stem cell approaches

Passive and Periodic Circular-Like Formations at Critical Inclination around an Oblate Earth

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Passive and Periodic Circular-Like Formations at Critical In...

A short overview of the lead iodide residue impact and regulation strategies in perovskite solar cells

2010 Chinese Control and Decision Conference

作者： eng kee Poh School of Electrical and Electronic engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798

Passive and periodic formations minimize the active control of long-term satellite formation *** different passive and periodic formations,the circular-like ones have potential applications in many formation flying *** paper shows that such formations under J2 perturbation are only possible at the critical *** is revealed that strict constraints for both the reference and member satellite orbits are necessary:the reference orbit must be at the critical inclination with a nonzero eccentricity and an argument of perigee not on the equator plane,while every member satellite orbit subjects to four constraints:the same inclination,semi-major axis and eccentricity with the reference orbit,as well as a same small bias in the along-track *** study leads to a geometrical design approach in the rest 2 dimensional constraint *** in this paper are valid in arbitrary elliptic orbits under J perturbation.

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第3期90卷 504-510,I0012页

作者： eng Liang Lim Zhanhua Wei Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information DisplaysCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringHuaqiao UniversityXiamen 361021FujianChina

Lead iodide(PbI2) is a vital raw material for preparing perovskite solar cells(PSCs),and it not only takes part in forming the light absorption layer but also remains in the grain boundary as a *** other words,the PbI2 content in the precursor and as formed film will affect the efficiency and stability of the *** moderate residual PbI2,it passivates the bulk/surface defects of perovskite,reduces the interfacial recombination,promotes the perovskite stability,minimizes the device hysteresis,and so *** PbI2 residue will reduce the interfacial passivation effect and device *** addition to facilitating the non-radiative recombination,over PbI2 residue can also lead to electronic insulation in the grain boundary and deteriorate the device ***,the impact and regulation of PbI2 residue on the device performance and stability is still not fully ***,a comprehensive and detailed review is presented by discussing the PbI2 residue impact and its regulation strategies(i.e., elimination,facilitation and conversion of the residue PbI2) to manipulate the PbI2 content,distribution and ***,we also show future outlooks in this field,with an aim to help further the progression of high-efficiency and stable PSCs.

关键词： Lead iodide Residue Regulation Perovskite solar cells Efficiency Stability

Bolstering functionality in multilayer and bilayer WS2 via focused laser micro-engraving

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2023年第6期66卷 94-101页

作者： Si Min CHAN eng Tuan POH Jin Feng LEONG Kuan eng Johnson GOH Chorng Haur SOW Department of Physics National University of Singapore Institute of Materials Research and engineering Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research (A~*STAR) Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological University

Laser thinning of multilayer transition metal dichalcogenide(TMD)crystals has long been explored for its potential to produce localized domains of optically functional monolayers. Despite the high spatial control and resolution of the laser, the range of appropriate applications for these laser-thinned domains is still limited by the peripheral regions of unaltered thick multilayers. Herein, we report a newfound property of the laser-thinned regions to adhere strongly to the underlying substrate when lasered down to the monolayer limit. Upon a brief sonication in various solvents, the surrounding pristine multilayers can be lifted off, solely leaving behind the post-lasered monolayer patterns. Coupled with the flexible maneuver of the laser, various monolayer designs can be achieved, including micro-antenna, waveguide, and electrode geometries with lateral line widths at 1.5 μm resolution. Furthermore, we also detail the optical properties of the monolayers obtained from laser thinning, with those acquired from multilayers containing more defectbound excitons, whereas those lasered from bilayers presenting a trion-dominated profile similar to as-grown monolayers. Together, these findings allow for faster and more efficient multilayer removal and areal shaping of optically active monolayer domains, in comparison to multistep and complex standard lithographic etching(lithography–etch–develop)procedures.

关键词： WS$_2$ monolayer micro-patterning focused laser sonication lift-off

Phosphorus requirements for containerized Pterocarpus indicus seedlings

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第3期26卷 657-662页

作者： eng Hai Lok Bernard Dell Forest Plantation Programme Forest Research Institute Malaysia 52109 Kepong Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia School of Veterinary and Life Sciences Murdoch UniversityPerth 6150 Australia

Pterocarpus indicus Willd is a tropical woody legume that holds promise for plantation forestry. Two glasshouse experiments were undertaken on two soil types to determine the phosphorus （P） concentration ranges in the foliage of P-stressed and healthy plants, and to define cri- tical P concentrations for the diagnosis of deficiency and toxicity. There was a narrow range in rates of P fertilizer, supplied as Ca（H2PO4）2.H2O, between deficiency and toxicity compared to other tree species. The relationship between shoot yield and P concentration in the youngest fully expanded leaf enabled critical P concentrations for the diagnosis of deficiency （0.17 %） and toxicity （0.41%） to be determined at 90 % maximum yield from linear re- gressions fitted to the data. The foliar P concentration ranges for deficiency and toxicity were similar to other nitrogen-fixing trees. The defined P concentration ranges and the critical P concentrations for the diagnosis of P deficiency and P toxicity should be useful for monitoring the P status of nursery stock and the health of young seedlings after out-planting.

关键词： Deficiency Diagnosis Nutrition Symptoms Toxicity

Measuring gravitational effect of superintense laser by spin-squeezed Bose-Einstein condensates interferometer

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Chinese Physics B 2022年第5期31卷 265-273页

作者： eng Boon Ng C.H.Raymond Ooi Department of Physics University of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia

We consider an extremely intense laser,enclosed by an atom *** gravitational potential generated from the high-intensity laser is solved from the Einstein field equation under the Newtonian *** compute the strength of the gravitational force and study the feasibility of measuring the force by the atom *** intense laser field from the laser pulse can induce a phase change in the interferometer with Bose-Einstein *** push up the sensitivity limit of the interferometer with Bose-Einstein condensates by spin-squeezing effect and determine the sensitivity gap for measuring the gravitational effect from intense laser by atom interferometer.

关键词： intense laser field atom interferometer Bose-Einstein condensates spin-squeezing

Intelligent Exit-Selection Behaviors during a Room Evacuation

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Chinese Physics Letters 2012年第1期29卷 291-294页

作者： Zarita Zainuddin Lim eng Aik School of Mathematical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia11800 MindenPenangMalaysia Institut Matematik Kejuruteraan Universiti Malaysia Perlis02000 Kuala PerlisPerlisMalaysia

A modified version of the existing cellular automata (CA) model is proposed to simulate an evacuation procedure in a classroom with and without *** on the numerous literature on the implementation of CA in modeling evacuation motions,it is notable that most of the published studies do not take into account the pedestrian's ability to select the exit route in their *** resolve these issues,we develop a CA model incorporating a probabilistic neural network for determining the decision-making ability of the pedestrians,and simulate an exit-selection phenomenon in the *** exit-selection behavior is observed in our *** the simulation results,it is observed that occupants tend to select the exit closest to them when the density is low,but if the density is high they will go to an alternative exit so as to avoid a long *** reflects the fact that occupants may not fully utilize multiple exits during *** improvement in our proposed model is valuable for further study and for upgrading the safety aspects of building designs.

关键词： Exit utilize automata

Can two-dimensional graphdiyne-based materials be novel materials for perovskite solar cell applications?

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Materials Futures

Materials Futures 2023年第2期2卷 142-151页

Two-dimensional(2D)graphdiyne(GDY)-based materials have attracted attention in the solar cell research community owing to their unique physicochemical properties and hydrophobic nature which can serve as moisture resistance from the surrounding *** from these,the performance and stability ofperovskite solar cells(PSCs)can be greatly improved via the addition of 2D GDY-based *** mini-review summarizes the recent development of 2D GDY-based materials for PSC *** roles of 2D GDY-based materials,such as hole transporting material,electron transporting material,dopant material in perovskite film and interfacial layer,are discussed in ***,we provide future perspectives in this field,aiming to help further progress efficient and stable 2D GDY-based materials in PSCs.

关键词： two-dimensional material graphdiyne perovskite solar cells power conversion efficiency stability

IPDDF:an improved precision dense descriptor based flow estimation

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2020年第1期5卷 49-54页

作者： Weiyong eng Voonchet Koo Tiensze Lim Faculty of engineering and Technology Multimedia UniversityJalan Ayer Keroh Lama75450 MelakaMalaysia

Large displacement optical flow algorithms are generally categorised into descriptor-based matching and pixel-based ***-based approaches are robust to geometric variation,however they have inherent localisation precision limitation due to histogram *** work presents a novel method called improved precision dense descriptor flow(IPDDF).The authors introduce an additional pixel-based matching cost within an existing dense Daisy descriptor framework to improve the flow estimation ***-based features such as pixel colour and gradient are computed on top of the original descriptor in the authors’matching cost *** pixel-based cost only requires a light-weight pre-computation and can be adapted seamlessly into the matching cost *** framework is built based on the Daisy Filter Flow *** the framework,Daisy descriptor and a filter-based efficient flow inference technique,as well as a randomised fast patch match search algorithm,are *** the novel matching cost formulation,the framework enables efficiently solving dense correspondence field estimation in a high-dimensional search space,which includes scale and *** on various challenging image pairs demonstrate the proposed algorithm enhances flow estimation accuracy as well as generate a spatially coherent yet edge-aware flow field result efficiently.

关键词： estimation flow matching