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Open Journal of Earthquake Research 2018年第2期7卷 124-140页

作者： Xiangyang Kong Kaizhi Su Fujinawa Yukio Noda yoichi Earthquake Administration of Shandong Province Jinan China Institute of Crustal Dynamics China Earthquake Administration (CEA) Beijing China Organization for Development of Resilient Communities Tokyo Japan Tierra-Tecnica Co. Ltd. Tokyo Japan

Strainmeters have been used to detect earthquake precursory anomalies in many countries. An innovated four-component strainmeter with four sensing units set at 45 degrees intervals, named SKZ strainmeter, was developed and used in China. The design, with a few unique features, allows high-sensitivity monitoring of the regime of the crustal strain field, as well as the self-consistencies of the instrument. One of the most difficult problems in the earthquake precursory investigation is to efficiently detect anomalies from large amount of data. Pattern recognition of waveforms is widely used, but it is time-consuming and relies more or less investigator’s experience and decision. In this study, the consistency factors of the paired components were firstly shown to be utilized to detect anomalies possibly related with imminent earthquakes. Here, rather than using the consistency factors, the correlation coefficients of the two orthogonal strain data were used to detect. SKZ strainmeters have been installed at more than ten sites in China, exhibited high efficiency and reliability in precursory monitoring since. Anomalous variations from a few stations during two recent earthquakes in south China were analyzed. During normal stages, diurnal earth tides could be clearly observed with very little urban noises. Though the consistency factors may have near constant bias, their correlation coefficients remain near 1.0, greater than 0.99. During the imminent preparatory stage of earthquake occurrence, non-planar strain may appear and the correlation coefficients drop noticeably. The analysis showed that the correlation coefficient between the two orthogonal components is a useful parameter in post-processing of the strain data to detect precursory anomalies. The resultant resolving power is shown to be some one-order larger compared with previous methods.

关键词： Borehole Strainmeter Earthquake Observation Technology Pre-Seismic Anomalies Data Filtering

Odor-Active Volatile Compounds from the Gonads of the Sea Urchin Mesocentrotus nudusin the Wild in Miyagi Prefecture, Tohoku, Japan

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2019年第7期10卷 860-875页

作者： yoichi Sato Satomi Takagi Eri Inomata Yukio Agatsuma Bio-Resources Business Development Division Riken Food Co. Ltd. Miyauchi Tagajyo Miyagi Japan Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science RIKEN Hirosawa Wako Saitama Japan Laboratory of Marine Plant Ecology Graduate School of Agricultural Science Tohoku University Aoba Sendai Miyagi Japan

Background and Aims: Mesocentrotus nudus is commercially harvested from shallow rocky bottoms in northern Japan. The gonads are targeted as an edible product. The objective of this study was to identify odor-active volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the gonads of adult M. nudus collected at a fishing ground in Miyagi Prefecture, Tohoku, Japan. Methods and Results: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis and gas chromatography-sniffing techniques identified 42 compounds categorized as alcohols, aldehydes, aromatic hydrocarbons, esters, halomethanes, hydrocarbons, ketones, sulfur-containing compounds, and nitrogen-containing compounds. GC-sniffing analysis characterized four compounds with preferable odors of sea urchin gonads;limonene, propyl acetate, acetone, dibromochloromethane. On the other hand, the analysis characterized three compounds with unpreferable odors;methyl mercaptane, dimethyl sulfide, and s-methyl thioacetate. Several VOCs from the gonads were derived from seaweeds, terrestrial plants, and fish flesh as food because M. nudus is omnivorous. Conclusion: This is the first study to identify VOCs from edible sea urchin gonads in the wild in Japan. These VOC data comprise a typical standard in order to evaluate a higher quality of sea urchin gonads.

关键词： Sea Urchin Mesocentrotus nudus Gonad Flavor GC/MS Sniffing Analysis

Comparison of One-Dimensional Analysis with Experiment for CO2Two-Phase Nozzle Flow

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Open Journal of Fluid Dynamics 2014年第5期4卷 415-424页

作者： Wakana Tsuru Satoshi Ueno yoichi Kinoue Norimasa Shiomi Department of Mechanical Engineering Saga University Saga Japan

The aim of this study is to investigate CO2 two-phase nozzle flow in terms of both experimental and analytical aspects for the optimum design of two-phase flow nozzle of CO2 two-phase flow ejector. In the experiment, it is measured that the temperature profile in the stream-wise direction of a divergent-convergent nozzle through which CO2 in the supercritical pressure condition is blown down into the atmosphere. In the analysis, a one-dimensional model which assumes steady, adiabatic, frictionless, and equilibrium is proposed. In the convergent part of the nozzle the flow is treated as single-phase flow of liquid, whereas in the divergent part the flow is treated as separated two-phase flow with saturated condition. The analytical results indicate that the temperature and the pressure decrease rapidly in the divergent part, and the void fraction increases immediately near the throat. Although this analysis is quite simple, the analytical results can follow the experimental results well within this study.

关键词： Carbon Dioxide High-Speed Nozzle Flow Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Flow with Phase Change Blow down Test One-Dimensional Analysis

New Alleles of Rice ebisu dwarf(d2) Mutant Show both Brassinosteroid-Deficient and -Insensitive Phenotypes

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2012年第12期3卷 1699-1707页

作者： Tomoaki Sakamoto yoichi Morinaka Hidemi Kitano Shozo Fujioka Bioscience and Biotechnology Center Nagoya University Nagoya Japan Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences Ishikawa Prefectural University Nonoichi Japan RIKEN Advanced Science Institute Wako Japan

ebisu dwarf (d2) is a mutant caused by mutation in a rice brassinosteroid biosynthetic enzyme gene, CYP90D2/D2, thereby conferring a brassinosteroid-deficient dwarf phenotype. Three newly isolated d2 alleles derived from a Nippon- bare mutant library (d2-3, d2-4, and d2-6) produced more severe dwarf phenotypes than the previously characterized null allele from a Taichung 65 mutant library, d2-1. Linkage analysis and a complementation test clearly indicated that the mutant phenotypes in d2-6 were caused by defects in CYP90D2/D2, and exogenous treatment with brassinolide, a bioactive brassinosteroid, rescued the dwarf phenotype of three Nipponbare-derived d2 mutants. However, the content of endogenous bioactive brassinosteroid, castasterone, and the expression of brassinosteroid-response genes indicated that partial suppression of the brassinosteroid response in addition to a brassinosteroid deficiency has occurred in the Nipponbare-derived d2 mutants. Based on these results, we discuss the possibility that wild-type Nipponbare has some defects in an unknown factor or factors related to the brassinosteroid response in rice.

关键词： Brassinosteroids Brassinosteroid Biosynthetic Enzymes Brassinosteroid Sensitivity Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenase Mutant Allele Rice

Influence of Ozone Injection on Corrosion Behavior of Steel in Water Ballast Tank

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Journal of Shipping and Ocean Engineering 2014年第11期4卷 327-337页

作者： Ryuji Kojima Michiaki Ikai Jinsun Liao yoichi Mori Department of Marine Environment and Engine Systems National Maritime Research Institute Tokyo 1810004 Japan Technology Development Division Kurimoto Ltd. Osaka 5590021 Japan

Ozone is the principal active substances and usually employed in ballast water management systems. In the present study, the corrosion protective effect of ozone was conducted by immersion test and electrochemical techniques. It was found that corrosion protective effect was revealed in the range of 2.0 to 2.7 ppm of ozone concentration in seawater. The ratio of the rust area of specimen became 20% in that concentration region. The rusted area is strongly influenced by the ozone concentration and the flow rate determined by FEM （finite element method）. Ozone has a good influence for ballast tanks, i.e., ozone can delay the rust of ballast tanks, provided that the suitable concentration of ozone is selected. In this case, ozone may stop the corrosion at the defects, if a part of the paint in ballast tank is peeled off. However, ozone may also promote the corrosion of steel when the ozone concentration is very high, e.g., 10 ppm. Attention should be paid to the ozone concentration, if we use ozone as an active substance for ballast water management systems.

关键词： Ozone corrosion protective effect water ballast tank coating film electrochemical measurement FEM analysis.

Behavioral and cognitive core domains shared between autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2013年第2期3卷 26-31页

作者： Hirofumi Morioka yoichi Kawaike Hisami Sameshima Shinji Ijichi Health Service Center Kagoshima University Kagoshima Japan

Growing genetic evidence including results of genome-wide association studies and whole-genome sequencing is still perplexing scientists in the fields of human complex traits and compels them to reconsider the relationship between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia. The developmental trajectory of schizophrenia may be characterized by difficulties in “theory of mind” tasks, poor insight or imagination, low empathy level, weak executive function, failure in social judgments, delayed language development, movement mannerisms, motoric rituals, strong preoccupation with unusual objects, bizarre habits, and high intelligence. Most of these characteristics are associated with the standard criteria for ASD and all of them are core domains or endophenotypes of ASD. The diagnosed ASD cases, which were found in individuals with schizophrenia, have a significant tendency to be highfunctioning and to have atypical age of ASD manifestation. Episodic features including reality distortion, which can be seen in individual with ASD, may be associated with hyperarousal conditions with cognitive hypersensitivity, misattribution of negative experiences, and the perceptual thinking style. Together with the emerging new genetic concepts concerning human behavioral complex traits, the results and constructions of these recent studies may further warrant that reconsideration of the relationship between ASD and psychotic conditions is necessary. In addition, the possibility that psychotic conditions are the secondary derivative states in individuals with ASD or in individuals with subclinical ASD components should be constructively examined.

关键词： Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Schizophrenia Reality Distortion Psychotic Conditions

Aerodynamic Behavior of Snowflakes on an Uneven Road Surface during a Snowstorm

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Open Journal of Fluid Dynamics 2017年第4期7卷 696-708页

作者： Kojima Tetsuya yoichi Yamagishi Shigeo Kimura Kengo Sato Meteorological Research Institute for Technology Co. LTD. Tokyo Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Kanagawa Institute of Technology Kanagawa Japan National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience Yamagata Japan

The removal of snow from a road or railroad results in an uneven surface and thus the formation of snowdrifts. However, the effect of a surface bump on the scale of a snowdrift is not clear. Snowdrift wind tunnel tests have long been performed to predict the snow cover distribution due to a snowstorm. However, such tests require a large-scale experimental device, have high installation and maintenance costs, and are not easy to perform. The present study thus used a small water tunnel that is easier to implement. The snowdrift pattern for the real phenomenon of a cube model was reproduced using the small water tunnel and the performance of the tunnel thus verified. The snowdrift water tunnel was then used to predict the snowdrift distribution for uneven surfaces. The tunnel well reproduced the snow cover distribution when the sedimentation velocity ratio and Stokes number in the water tunnel test were the same as those for the real phenomenon, again verifying the performance of the water tunnel test.

关键词： Snowstorm Water Tank Model Snow Bump Model Snowdrift Distribution Numerical Analysis

Mechanisms of Enhanced Antigen Delivery to Murine Dendritic Cells by the Cationic Liposomes

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Open Journal of Immunology 2017年第4期7卷 85-101页

作者： Saeko Takahashi Rui Tada yoichi Negishi Yukihiko Aramaki Department of Drug Delivery and Molecular Biopharmaceutics School of Pharmacy Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences Tokyo Japan

There is an increased demand for vaccines to prevent and/or treat illness and mortality caused by the infectious diseases. We have recently established that liposomes composed of cationic lipids act as adjuvant for nasal vaccine formulation. However, the molecular mechanism(s) behind the adjuvant effect remain unrevealed. To this end, we have studied the enhancement of antigen uptake by murine dendritic cell line, DC2.4 cells, by the cationic liposomes and the specific pathways involved in the process. We have observed that the uptake of ovalbumin (OVA) into DC2.4 cells is greatly increased when co-cultured with the cationic liposomes composed of 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DOTAP) and 3β-[N-(N',N'-dimethylaminoethane)-carbamoyl] (DC-chol). However, this enhancement was blocked by pretreatment of DC2.4 cells with chlorpromazine and methyl-β-cyclodextrin, indicating the involvement of clathrin- and caveolin-independent lipid raft-dependent endocytic pathways in the process. Our results implied, at least in part, that enhanced uptake of antigens induced by the cationic liposomes could be a possible mechanism for the induction of immune responses. Although further studies are needed to understand the precise mechanisms behind the adjuvant effects of DOTAP/DC-chol liposome, this approach is quite useful for the development of vaccine system to combat various

关键词： Antigen Delivery Cationic Liposome Dendritic Cells Nanoparticle

A Study on the Half-Ducted Axial Flow Fan Designed by a Diagonal Flow Fan Design Method

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Open Journal of Fluid Dynamics 2017年第1期7卷 15-25页

作者： Atsushi Kaji yoichi Kinoue Norimasa Shiomi Toshiaki Setoguchi Department of Mechanical Engineering Saga University Saga Japan Institute of Ocean Energy Saga University Saga Japan

A study on the half-ducted axial flow fan designed by a diagonal flow fan design method was conducted. The rotor which has NACA65 blades was designed, calculated numerically, manufactured and tested experimentally. As a result of the design and CFD, the meridional streamline and three distributions of the meridional, tangential and radial velocity at inlet and outlet go well as designed values of the half ducted fan. On the other hand, the values of the meridional velocity and the tangential velocity are little smaller than the design values at the hub side of the radial distribution. The improvement of the design is prospected for this point, that is, the approach between the design value and the actual flow is prospected if the tangential velocity is assigned small at hub and is assigned large at the tip so as to accord the actual flow in the vortex design of the rotor blade. Then the designed half-ducted rotor with four NACA65 blades was fabricated by a three-dimensional printer and tested in the wind tunnel in order to validate the half-ducted design method. For the comparison between the design values and the experimental values at the design flow rate coefficient of φ = 0.264, the experimental values of the pressure rise coefficient ψ and the efficiency η are rather small than the design values, while the experimental value of the torque coefficient τ is almost the same as the design value. However, the experimental value of approximately 0.45 of the maximum efficiency is comparably large value considering for the limitation of the situation of half-ducted. For the comparison between the experimental values and the CFD values at φ = 0.264, the CFD values are almost the same values as the experimental values for all the values of ψ, τ and η. In addition, the tendencies of the CFD values when the flow rate coefficient changes are almost similar as the experimental tendencies, though the flow rate coefficient for the CFD values when ψ or η takes the peak value sh

关键词： Axial Flow Fan Half-Ducted Fan Internal Flow Streamline Inclination Numerical Analysis