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Reply to “Beyond microbial carbon use efficiency”

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 35-37页

作者： Feng Tao Johannes Lehmann Ying-Ping Wang Lifen Jiang Bernhard Ahrens Kostiantyn Viatkin Stefano Manzoni Benjamin Z.Houlton Yuanyuan Huang Xiaomeng Huang yiqi luo Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Cornell University Soil and Crop Sciences Section School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell University CSIRO Environment Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry Department of Physical Geography and Bolin Centre for Climate Research Stockholm University Department of Global Development Cornell University Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Earth System Science Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modelling Institute for Global Change Studies Tsinghua University

In their commentary, Xiao et al.[1]cautioned that the conclusions on the critical role of microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) in global soil organic carbon (SOC) storage in the paper by Tao et al.[2] might be too *** claimed that Tao et al.’s study lacked mechanistic consideration of SOC formation and excluded important data *** et al. brought up important points,which can be largely reconciled with our findings by understanding the differences in expressing processes in empirical studies and in models.

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Dynamic carbon-nitrogen coupling under global change

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2023年第4期66卷 771-782页

作者： Shuli Niu Lei Song Jinsong Wang yiqi luo Guirui Yu Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Center for Ecosystem Science and Society Department of Biological SciencesNorthern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffAZ 86011USA

Carbon-nitrogen coupling is a fundamental principle in ecosystem ***,how the coupling responds to global change has not yet been *** a comprehensive and systematic literature review,we assessed how the dynamics of carbon processes change with increasing nitrogen input and how nitrogen processes change with increasing carbon input under global *** review shows that nitrogen input to the ecosystem mostly stimulates plant primary productivity but inconsistently decreases microbial activities or increases soil carbon sequestration,with nitrogen leaching and nitrogenous gas emission rapidly *** fixation increases and nitrogen leaching decreases to improve soil nitrogen availability and support plant growth and ecosystem carbon sequestration under elevated CO_(2)and temperature or along ecosystem *** conclude that soil nitrogen cycle processes continually adjust to change in response to either overload under nitrogen addition or deficiency under CO_(2)enrichment and ecosystem succession to couple with carbon ***,processes of both carbon and nitrogen cycles continually adjust under global change,leading to dynamic coupling in carbon and nitrogen *** dynamic coupling framework reconciles previous debates on the“uncoupling”or“decoupling”of ecosystem carbon and nitrogen cycles under global *** models failing to simulate these dynamic adjustments cannot simulate carbonnitrogen coupling nor predict ecosystem carbon sequestration well.

关键词： nitrogen limitation carbon-nitrogen interaction global change carbon sequestration soil nitrogen cycle

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基于《脾胃论》再谈东垣“阴火”学说

中国中医基础医学杂志 2024年第1期30卷 18-20页

作者：金秋百赵月纯罗逸祺孙楠宋坪中国中医科学院广安门医院北京100053 北京中医药大学北京100029

基于《脾胃论》,探讨李东垣笔下阴火之含义、病因、病机及其治疗。阴火是东垣对内伤病中人体内同时存在的“虚”与“热”两种病理状态的统一概括,其“阴”为内、里,与外感相对,“虚”为气虚,以脾胃为主,“热”为阳气虚弱不能升散外达、... 详细信息

基于《脾胃论》,探讨李东垣笔下阴火之含义、病因、病机及其治疗。阴火是东垣对内伤病中人体内同时存在的“虚”与“热”两种病理状态的统一概括,其“阴”为内、里,与外感相对,“虚”为气虚,以脾胃为主,“热”为阳气虚弱不能升散外达、郁于阴分所化,阴血受火热鼓动,流行周身,故其热象可表现在全身各处。阴火形成的关键在于气虚、气郁、郁热三个环节。治疗以补中、升阳二法为主,以治其本,泻热一法从权,以治其标。

关键词：《脾胃论》阴火李东垣

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植物碳、氮、磷在不同火烧强度下的分配策略

Journal of Plant Ecology 2022年第2期15卷 347-358页

作者： Zhaopeng Song Zhaolei Li yiqi luo Yanhong Liu School of Ecology and Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Center for Ecosystem Science and Society Northern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffAZ 86011USA National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of ShandongCollege of Resources and EnvironmentShandong Agricultural UniversityTaian 271018China

森林野火是影响北方针叶林演替过程中养分分配规律的重要因素。然而,植物叶片和细根之间的碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)分配策略在不同强度森林野火后的研究尚不充分。本研究旨在探讨不同野火强度下叶片和细根间C、N、P的分配策略。运用化学计... 详细信息

森林野火是影响北方针叶林演替过程中养分分配规律的重要因素。然而,植物叶片和细根之间的碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)分配策略在不同强度森林野火后的研究尚不充分。本研究旨在探讨不同野火强度下叶片和细根间C、N、P的分配策略。运用化学计量学理论和异速生长方程,选取中国东北大兴安岭地区的4个不同火烧强度(未火烧、低、中、高)恢复10年后的火烧迹地为研究样地,比较不同火烧强度下各物种叶片和细根的C、N、P含量。研究结果表明,与未受到火烧的样地相比,轻度火烧迹地的植物叶片和细根C浓度增加,重度火烧迹地植物叶片N浓度最高,但是细根N浓度最低。N:P比值的平均值大于16的结果表示植物养分利用策略在高火烧强度下趋于P限制。更重要的是,随着火烧严重程度的增加,细根与叶片间的C、N、P分配规律出现由异速生长向等速生长的转变,即随着火烧强度的增加,元素分配表现为对叶片的分配多于细根。这些结果表明,植物叶片和细根之间的元素分配策略在受到不同强度的野火干扰以后发生了失衡。本研究加深了我们对火后森林生态系统演替过程中植物与土壤养分动态的认识。

关键词：分配策略碳氮磷叶和细根火烧强度

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草地生态系统碳氮库对增温响应的整合分析

Journal of Plant Ecology 2022年第4期15卷 733-742页

作者： Junliang Zou Juying Wu Bruce Osborne yiqi luo Beijing Research&Development Centre for Grass and Environment Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China UCD School of Biology and Environmental Science and UCD Earth Institute University College DublinBelfeldDublin 4Ireland Center for Ecosystem Science and Society Department of Biological SciencesNorthern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffAZUSA

陆地生态系统碳氮耦合过程有可能改变全球碳循环对气候变化的敏感性。然而,碳氮的交互作用对陆地生态系统碳固存的贡献仍不明确。本研究采用Meta分析的方法量化了野外增温条件下草地碳氮储量的变化,并且进一步评估了3个主要的碳氮耦合过... 详细信息

陆地生态系统碳氮耦合过程有可能改变全球碳循环对气候变化的敏感性。然而,碳氮的交互作用对陆地生态系统碳固存的贡献仍不明确。本研究采用Meta分析的方法量化了野外增温条件下草地碳氮储量的变化,并且进一步评估了3个主要的碳氮耦合过程(生态系统氮总量的变化,氮在植被和土壤之间的重新分配,植被与土壤碳氮比的变化)对草地碳固存的相对贡献。增温使得土壤、凋落物和植被的碳氮比增加,并导致约2%的氮从土壤转移到植被和凋落物中。增温提高了植被和凋落物的碳储量(111.2 g·m^(−2)),而降低了土壤的碳储量(30.0 g·m^(−2)),由此可见,增温提高了整个草地生态系统的碳储量。碳氮比的变化是温度升高条件下草地碳储量增加的主要贡献者,氮的重新分配次之。相反,氮总量的减少则降低了生态系统的碳储量。这些结果表明,温度升高对草地生态系统碳氮储量的变化及其耦合过程具有显著的影响,建议生态模型考虑碳氮循环的交互作用,以便更准确地预测未来陆地碳储量的变化。

关键词：气候变化碳固存碳氮耦合草地氮限制化学计量

Impact of inorganic and organic pollutants from a Belgian wastewater treatment plant on adjacent surface and groundwaters

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 75-90页

作者： Mingyue luo yiqi Su Delphine Jenny Vandeputte Yuwei Jia Guanlei Li Willy Baeyens Marijke Huysmans Marc Elskens Yue Gao Analytical Environmental and Geo-Chemistry Department(AMGC)Vrije Universiteit Brussel(VUB)Pleinlaan 21050 BrusselsBelgium Hydrology and Hydraulic Engineering(HYDR) Vrije Universiteit Brussel(VUB)Pleinlaan 21050 BrusselsBelgium

Under the pressure of global droughts and water shortage,it is essential to evolve toward a sustainable and robust water *** possible avenue is the maximum reuse of treated wastewater,but the quality of which determines its ***,inorganic(Cd,Pb,Cr,Ni,Cu,and As)and organic(xenoestrogens and polycyclic aromatic contaminants,PACs)contaminants were monthly monitored in an effluent of the wastewater treatment plant(WWTP),the surrounding surface waters and the local groundwater in *** and particulate concentrations of inorganic contaminants in these water bodies were *** addition,Diffusive Gradients in Thin-films(DGT)was used in situ to obtain bioavailable metal *** the WWTP effluent and surface waters,only Ni exceeds the Annual Average-Environmental Quality Standard(AA-EQS),while in the groundwater,dissolved As was the predominant ***,in the surface and effluent waters the highest lability degrees were observed for Cd and *** concentrations of these metal species in the effluent water were lower than in the other water ***-organic pollutants,xenoestrogens and PACs were analyzed by dual Estrogen and Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor-Chemical Activated LUciferase gene eXpression(ER&AhR-CALUX)*** the annual averaged(AA)bioequivalent concentration of E2(0.18 ng/L)is below the AA-EQS standard(0.4 ng/L),and the bioequivalent concentration of benzo[a]pyrene never exceeded the maximum admissible concentration(MAC),the reclamation and reuse of treated wastewater for groundwater replenishment and agricultural irrigation should pose no environmental problems,at least in a short-term.

关键词： Metal contaminants DGT Labile metal fractions ERE/AhR-CALUX BEQ Xenoestrogens and polycyclic aromatic contaminants

Photosynthetic and Respiratory Acclimation to Experimental Warming for Four SpeCies in a Tallgrass Prairie Ecosystem

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2007年第3期49卷 270-281页

作者： Xuhui Zhou Xiaozhong Liu Linda L. Wallace yiqi luo Department of Botany and Microbiology University of Oklahoma Norman Oklahoma 73019 USA

Global temperature has been Increased by 0.6 ℃ over the past century and is predicted to Increase by 1.4-5.8 ℃ by the end of this century. It is unclear what impacts global warming will have on tallgrass species. In the present study, we examined leaf net photosynthetic rate （P.） and leaf respiration rate in darkness （Rd） of Aster erlcoldes （L.） Nesom, Ambrosia psllostachya DC., Helianthus mollis Lam., and Sorghastrum nutans （L.） Nash In response to experimental warming in a tallgrass prairie ecosystem of the Great Plains, USA, in the autumn （fall） of 2000 and through 2001. Warming has been Implemented with infrared heaters since 21 November 1999. The P. increased significantly In spring, decreased in early fall, and did not change in summer and late fall in the four species under warming compared with control. The Rd of the four species increased significantly until mid-summer and then did not change under warming. Measured temperature-response curves of P. showed that warming Increased the optimum temperature of P. （Topt） by 2.32 and 4.59 ℃ for H. mollis and S. nutans, respectively, in August, whereas there were no changes in May and September, and A. ericoldes and A. psllostachya also showed no changes in any of the 3 months. However, P. at optimum temperature （Popt） showed downregulation in September and no regulation in May and August for all four species. The temperature-response curves of Rd Illustrate that the temperature sensitivity of Rd, Q10, was lower in the warmed plots compared with the control plots, except for A. ericoides in August, whereas there were no changes In May and September for all four species. The results of the present study indicate that photosynthetic and respiratory acclimation varies with species and among seasons, occurring In the mid-growing season and not in the early and late growing seasons.

关键词： acclimation Ambrosia psilostachya climatic warming photosynthesis respiration Sorghastrum nutans tallgrass prairie temperature

Uncertainty analysis of forest carbon sink forecast with varying measurement errors:a data assimilation approach

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2011年第3期4卷 178-191页

作者： Ensheng Weng yiqi luo Chao Gao Ram Oren Department of Botany and Microbiology The University of OklahomaNormanOK 73019USA Nicholas School of the Environment Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA

Aims Accurate forecast of ecosystem states is critical for improving natural resourcemanagement and climate change *** observed data into models is an effective way to reduce uncertainties in ecological ***,influences ofmeasurement errors on parameter estimation and forecasted state changes have not been carefully *** study analyzed the parameter identifiability of a process-based ecosystem carbon cycle model,the sensitivity of parameter estimates and model forecasts to the magnitudes of measurement errors and the information contributions of the assimilated data to model forecasts with a data assimilation *** We applied a Markov Chain Monte Carlo method to assimilate eight biometric data sets into the Terrestrial *** data were the observations of foliage biomass,wood biomass,fine root biomass,microbial biomass,litter fall,litter,soil carbon and soil respiration,collected at the Duke Forest free-air CO_(2)enrichment facilities from 1996 to *** levels ofmeasurement errorswere assigned to these data sets by halving and doubling their original standard *** Findings Results showed that only less than half of the 30 parameters could be constrained,though the observations were extensive and themodelwas relatively *** errors led to higher uncertainties in parameters estimates and forecasted carbon(C)pool *** longterm predictions of the slow turnover pools were affected less by the measurement errors than those of fast turnover *** data contributed less information for the pools with long residence times in long-term *** results indicate the residence times of C pools played a key role in regulating propagation of errors from measurements to model forecasts in a data assimilation *** the estimation of parameters of slowturnover C pools is the key to better forecast long-term ecosystem C dynamics.

关键词： uncertainty analysis data assimilation Markov Chain Monte Carlo(MCMC)method measurement error carbon residence time information contribution

Country-level land carbon sink and its causing components by the middle of the twenty-first century

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Ecological Processes 2021年第1期10卷 840-852页

作者： Lifen Jiang Junyi Liang Xingjie Lu Enqing Hou Forrest MHoffman yiqi luo Center for Ecosystem Science and Society Northern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffAZ 86011USA. College of Grassland Science and Technology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China. School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275GuangdongChina. Computational Sciences&Engineering Division and Climate Change Science Institute Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA. Department of Biological Sciences Northern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffAZ 86011USA.

Background:Countries have long been making efforts by reducing greenhouse-gas emissions to mitigate climate *** the agreements of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change,involved countries have committed to reduction ***,carbon(C)sink and its involving processes by natural ecosystems remain difficult to ***:Using a transient traceability framework,we estimated country-level land C sink and its causing components by 2050 simulated by 12 Earth System Models involved in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5(CMIP5)under ***:The top 20 countries with highest C sink have the potential to sequester 62 Pg C in total,among which,Russia,Canada,USA,China,and Brazil sequester the *** C sink consists of four components:productiondriven change,turnover-driven change,change in instantaneous C storage potential,and interaction between production-driven change and turnover-driven *** four components account for 49.5%,28.1%,14.5%,and 7.9%of the land C sink,***:The model-based estimates highlight that land C sink potentially offsets a substantial proportion of greenhouse-gas emissions,especially for countries where net primary production(NPP)likely increases substantially and inherent residence time elongates.

关键词： Carbon sink Carbon storage Earth system models Net primary productivity Residence time Terrestrial ecosystems