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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: how countries shouldbuild more resilient health systems for preparedness and response

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Global Health Journal 2020年第4期4卷 139-145页

作者： Zhebin Wang Yuqi Duan yinzi jin Zhi-Jie Zheng Department of Global Health School of Public HealthPeking University38 Xueyuan RoadHaidian DistrictBeijing 100191China Institute for Global Health Peking University38 Xueyuan RoadHaidian DistrictBeijing 100191China

Objective: A resilient health system plays a crucial role in pandemic preparedness and response. Althoughthe World Health Organization (WHO) has required all states parties to strengthen core capacities to respondto public health emergencies under the International Health Regulations (2005), the actions of most countriesto combating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has showed that they are not well-prepared. This crosssectionalstudy aimed to examine the health system resilience of selected countries and analyze their strategiesand measures in response to the COVID-19 ***: This study selected five countries including the Iran, Japan, Republic of Korea (South Korea), the U.K.,and the U.S., based on the severity of the national epidemic, the geographical location, and the developmentlevel. Cumulative number of death cases derived from WHO COVID-19 dashboard was used to measure theseverity of the impact of the pandemic in each country;WHO State Parties Self-Assessment Annual Reporting (SPAR)Scores and Global Health Security (GHS) Index were applied to measure the national health system resilience;and research articles and press materials were summarized to identify the strategies and measures adopted bycountries during response to COVID-19. This study applied the resilient health systems framework to analyzehealth system resilience in the selected countries from five dimensions, including awareness, diversity, selfregulation,integration and ***: The SPAR Scores and GHS Index of the four developed countries, Japan, South Korea, the U.K. and theU.S. were above the global and regional averages;the SPAR Scores of Iran were above the global average whilethe GHI Index lain below the global average. In terms of response strategies, Japan, the U.K. and the U.S. investedmore health resources in the treatment of severe patients, while South Korea and Iran had adopted a strategyof extensive testing and identification of suspected patients. In terms o

关键词： Coronavirus disease 2019 COVID-19 Pandemic Resilient health systems Preparedness and response Global health security Health system strengthening

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Hospitals’responsibility in response to the threat of infectious disease outbreak in the context of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic:implications for low-and middle-income countries

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Global Health Journal 2020年第4期4卷 113-117,F0002页

作者： Ji Zhang Xinpu Lu yinzi jin Zhi-Jie Zheng Department of Global Health School of Public HealthPeking University38 Xueyuan RoadHaidian DistrictBeijing 100191China Institute for Global Health Peking University38 Xueyuan RoadHaidian DistrictBeijing 100191China Graduate School of Education Peking University5 Yiheyuan RoadHaidian DistrictBeijing 100871China Peking University Cancer Hospital&Institute 52 Fucheng RoadHaidian DistrictBeijing 100142China

The WHO declared the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)outbreak as a public health emergency of international concern on January 30,2020,and then a pandemic on March 11,***-19 affected over 200 countries and territories worldwide,with 25,541,380 confirmed cases and 852,000 deaths associated with COVID-19 globally,as of September 1,2020.1 While facing such a public health emergency,hospitals were on the front line to deliver health care and psychological *** early detection,diagnosis,reporting,isolation,and clinical management of patients during a public health emergency required the extensive involvement of hospitals in all *** response capacity of hospitals directly determined the outcomes of the prevention and control of an *** COVID-19 pandemic has affected almost all nations and territories regardless of their development level or geographic location,although suitable risk mitigation measures differ between developing and developed *** low-and middle-income countries(LMICs),the consequences of the pandemic could be more complicated because incidence and mortality might be associated more with a fragile health care system and shortage of related resources.2-3 As evidenced by the situation in Bangladesh,India,Kenya,South Africa,and other LMICs,socioeconomic status(SES)disparity was a major factor in the spread of disease,potentially leading to alarmingly insufficient preparedness and responses in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic.4 Conversely,the pandemic might also bring more unpredictable socioeconomic and long-term impacts in LMICs,and those with lower SES fare worse in these *** review aimed to summarize the responsibilities of and measures taken by hospitals in combatting the COVID-19 *** findings are hoped to provide experiences,as well as lessons and potential implications for LMICs.

关键词： Hospital Responsibility Infectious disease Coronavirus disease 2019 COVID-19 Pandemic Implication Lesson Low-and middle-income countries LMICs

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Public health preparedness and responses to the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic in South Asia:a situation and policy analysis

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Global Health Journal 2020年第4期4卷 121-132页

作者： Amitabha Sarkar Guangqi Liu yinzi jin Zheng Xie Zhi-Jie Zheng Centre of Social Medicine and Community Health School of Social Sciences(Building-II)Jawaharlal Nehru UniversityNew Mehrauli RoadNew Delhi 110067India Department of Global Health School of Public HealthPeking University38 Xueyuan RoadHaidian DistrictBeijing 100191China Institute for Global Health Peking University38 Xueyuan RoadHaidian DistrictBeijing 100191China

Like rest of the world,the South Asian region is facing enormous challenges with the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)*** socio-economic context of the eight South Asian countries is averse to any longterm lockdown program,but the region still observed stringent lockdown close to two *** paper analyzed major measures in public health preparedness and responses in those countries in the *** research was based on a situation analysis to discuss appropriate plan for epidemic preparedness,strategies for prevention and control measures,and adequate response management *** on the data from March 21 to June 26,2020,it appeared lockdown program along with other control measures were not as effective to arrest the exponential growth of fortnightly COVID-19 cases in Afghanistan,Bangladesh,India,Nepal and ***,Bhutan,Maldives and Sri Lanka have been successfully limiting the spread of the *** in-depth analysis of prevention and control measures espoused densely populated context of South Asia needs community-led intervention strategy,such as case containment,in order to reverse the growing trend,and adopt the policy of mitigation instead of suppression to formulate COVID-19 action *** the other hand,mechanism for response management encompassed a four-tier approach of governance to weave community-led local bodies with state,national and international governance actors for enhancing the countries’emergency operation *** is concluded resource-crunch countries in South Asia are unable to cope with the disproportionate demand of capital and skilled health care workforce at the time of the ***,response management needs an approach of governance maximization instead of resource *** epidemiologic management of population coupled with suitable public health prevention and control measures may be a more appropriate strategy to strike a balance between economy and population health during the t

关键词： Coronavirus disease 2019 COVID-19 Pandemic Intervention strategy Epidemiological management Public health South Asia

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院外心脏骤停区域协同救治体系建设探析

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中国医学前沿杂志（电子版） 2024年第12期16卷 34-38页

作者：金音子马青变北京大学公共卫生学院北京100191 北京大学第三医院急诊科北京100191

心脏骤停是全球范围内最严重的急危重症之一。建立科学、高效、可及的区域协同救治体系对于改善院外心脏骤停患者生存结局至关重要,社区/目击者现场、院前急救中心、医院急诊科三个子系统间的信息、服务、资源协同是体系建设的关键。体... 详细信息

心脏骤停是全球范围内最严重的急危重症之一。建立科学、高效、可及的区域协同救治体系对于改善院外心脏骤停患者生存结局至关重要,社区/目击者现场、院前急救中心、医院急诊科三个子系统间的信息、服务、资源协同是体系建设的关键。体系建设的基本思路应以急救医疗资源的供需匹配为基本出发点,将院前与院内服务的有效衔接作为核心环节,同时以数据信息平台的互联互通为重要载体,为院外心脏骤停患者提供快速、连续、优质的综合性救治。当前我国在心肺复苏高质量实施规范、自动体外除颤仪精准配置与有效使用、院前快速响应调度能力、院前院内无缝衔接的标准化救治流程等方面存在较大的改进空间,应从制度安排、政策设计、技术应用、实证研究等各个层面综合完善,形成系统的建设方案。

关键词：心脏骤停区域协同救治体系建设

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将健康融入所有政策:公共卫生的可持续发展

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科技导报 2020年第14期38卷 148-154页

作者：金音子姜雯郑志杰北京大学公共卫生学院北京100191

公共卫生是关系到国家或地区人口健康的公共事业,各种自然因素、社会因素即人类生活方式、生产行为等影响人群健康的卫生与健康问题,都属于公共卫生的范畴。为确保公共卫生的可持续发展,必须研究健康的各类决定因素,基于这些关系,通过... 详细信息

公共卫生是关系到国家或地区人口健康的公共事业,各种自然因素、社会因素即人类生活方式、生产行为等影响人群健康的卫生与健康问题,都属于公共卫生的范畴。为确保公共卫生的可持续发展,必须研究健康的各类决定因素,基于这些关系,通过政府和社会有组织的行动,建立机制,从而实现可持续性。"将健康融入所有政策"是促进公共卫生可持续发展的基本策略,是贯穿公共卫生治理始终的理念。本文分析了"将健康融入所有政策"与公共卫生可持续发展的关系,回顾"将健康融入所有政策"的发展,指出当前面临的问题与挑战,结合国际经验和做法,提出促进公共卫生可持续发展的策略建议。

关键词：将健康融入所有政策公共卫生可持续发展

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中美欧中老年人健康预期寿命及其社会经济因素比较研究

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中华流行病学杂志 2023年第6期44卷 1006-1012页

作者：侯星朵罗雅楠金音子郑志杰北京大学公共卫生学院全球卫生学系北京100191

目的计算和比较中国、美国、欧盟发展中国家和发达国家中老年人健康预期寿命(HLE),分析社会经济因素对不同国家或地区中老年人生命长度及质量的影响。方法使用2010-2019年调查,数据分别来自中国老年健康与退休追踪调查、美国老年人健康... 详细信息

目的计算和比较中国、美国、欧盟发展中国家和发达国家中老年人健康预期寿命(HLE),分析社会经济因素对不同国家或地区中老年人生命长度及质量的影响。方法使用2010-2019年调查,数据分别来自中国老年健康与退休追踪调查、美国老年人健康和退休调查以及欧洲健康、老龄化和退休调查,其中欧盟发达国家和欧盟发展中国家被分为两组分别计算。选择文化程度、家庭经济水平以及工作退休状态作为社会经济指标,日常生活自理能力作为健康状态指标。使用多状态生命周期表法计算在某一时段内不同健康状态间的转换概率,测算HLE。结果研究共纳入69544例中老年人,年龄上,欧盟发达国家和美国中老年人在各年龄段中均有更高HLE;性别上,仅中国女性的HLE低于中国男性。社会经济因素上,文化程度较高、家庭经济水平高的中老年人有更高HLE;在中国,工作的中老年人有更高的HLE,而在美国女性和欧盟发达国家,退休/无业的中老年人有更高的HLE。结论人口和社会经济因素对不同国家或地区中老年人的HLE影响有所不同,作为发展中国家,中国应当更加关注女性、文化程度较低、家庭经济水平低的退休中老年人健康。

关键词：健康预期寿命国别差异中老年人

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Building quality primary health care development in the new era towards universal health coverage:a Beijing initiative

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Global Health Research and Policy 2023年第1期8卷 2-7页

作者： Minghui Ren Tuohong Zhang jin Xu Jie Qiao Jianrong Qiao Siyan Zhan Jiangmei Qin Daping Song Yanru Fang Yifang Lin Xiaopeng Jiang Yan Guo Qingyue Meng Xu Qian Yunguo Liu Sophia Siu Chee Chan Feng Zhao Winnie Yip Hong Wang Minmin Wang Hui Yin Zuokun Liu Na Li Xinyi Song Fangfang Liu yinzi jin Fangjing Liu Yangmu Huang Department of Global Health School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina Institute for Global Health Peking UniversityBeijingChina China Centre for Health Development Studies Peking UniversityBeijingChina Center for Reproductive Medicine Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyPeking University Third HospitalBeijingChina World Health Organization Representative Office in China BeijingChina Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthPeking University Health Science CenterBeijingChina China National Health Development Research Center BeijingChina College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina School of Public Health Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina Global Health Research Center Duke Kunshan UniversityKunshanJiangsuChina School of Nursing LKS Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongPok Fu LamHong Kong SARChina Health Nutrition and Population South Asia RegionWorld BankBangkokThailand Department of Global Health and Population Harvard T H Chan School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA Bill&Melinda Gates Foundation BeijingChina

Primary health care(PHC)is the most effective way to improve people’s health and well-being,and primary care services should act as the cornerstone of a resilient health system and the foundation of universal health *** promote high quality development of PHC,an International Symposium on Quality Primary Health Care Development was held on December 4-5,2023 in Beijing,China,and the participants have proposed and advocated the Beijing Initiative on Quality Primary Health Care *** Beijing Initiative calls on all countries to carry out and strengthen 11 actions:fulfill political commitment and accountability;achieve“health in all policies”through multisectoral coordination;establish sustainable financing;empower communities and individuals;provide community-based integrated care;promote the connection and integration of health services and social services through good governance;enhance training,allocation and motivation of health workforce,and medical education;expand application of traditional and alternative medicine for disease prevention and illness healing;empower PHC with digital technology;ensure access to medicinal products and appropriate technologies;and last,strengthen global partnership and international health *** Initiative will enrich the content of quality development of PHC,build consensus,and put forward policies for quality development of PHC in China in the new era,which are expected to make contributions in accelerating global actions.

关键词： Primary health care Universal health coverage Sustainable development agenda

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数字技术赋能优质医疗资源扩容和区域均衡布局的作用机制研究

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卫生经济研究 2024年第11期41卷 86-88,92页

作者：李琦李璐周书铎金音子中国宏观经济研究院社会发展研究所北京100038 北京大学第一医院北京100034 北京大学公共卫生学院北京100191

数字技术赋能优质医疗资源扩容和区域均衡布局的作用机制包括:畅通优质医疗资源下沉渠道,强化优质医疗资源引领带动作用,推动非优质医疗资源提质升级。在此过程中,面临诸多现实问题。为此建议,从基础条件、体制机制、应用能力三个方面... 详细信息

数字技术赋能优质医疗资源扩容和区域均衡布局的作用机制包括:畅通优质医疗资源下沉渠道,强化优质医疗资源引领带动作用,推动非优质医疗资源提质升级。在此过程中,面临诸多现实问题。为此建议,从基础条件、体制机制、应用能力三个方面综合施策,保障数字技术赋能优质医疗资源扩容和区域均衡布局。

关键词：数字技术优质医疗资源均衡布局高质量发展

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中美公共卫生合作的历史、现状与愿景

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公共外交季刊 2024年第1期 16-25,118-119页

作者：金音子郑志杰北京大学公共卫生学院全球卫生学系

2023年11月,利用出席亚太经合组织峰会的契机,中美元首在美国旧金山会晤,引发国际社会高度关注。两国元首做出的战略决策意涵深远,对中美关系发展具有重要意义。当前,中美关系仍面临严峻挑战。公共卫生成为双方为数不多的具有共同利益... 详细信息

2023年11月,利用出席亚太经合组织峰会的契机,中美元首在美国旧金山会晤,引发国际社会高度关注。两国元首做出的战略决策意涵深远,对中美关系发展具有重要意义。当前,中美关系仍面临严峻挑战。公共卫生成为双方为数不多的具有共同利益关切并能够合作的领域,有可能成为缓和中美关系、重启两国合作的突破口。本文回顾了中美公共卫生合作40余年的发展历程,总结当前中美公共卫生合作面临的机遇和挑战,提出对两国下一步合作的思考和建议。

关键词：中美关系公共卫生亚太经合组织战略决策发展历程思考和建议利益关切美国旧金山

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中国-东盟全民健康覆盖合作机制与策略研究

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中国公共卫生 2024年第6期40卷 759-764页

作者：冯羿凯石珺怡李卓李福建翟崑金音子北京大学公共卫生学院全球卫生学系北京100191 北京大学区域与国别研究院北京100871 外交学院亚洲研究所北京100037 北京大学国际关系学院北京100091

东盟是中国对外交流与合作最紧密的地区之一,全民健康覆盖是实现联合国可持续发展目标中卫生相关目标的关键支柱,也是中国和东盟共同关注的战略重点,如何与东盟开展全民健康覆盖合作、提高中国参与区域卫生治理水平,是深化中国-东盟战... 详细信息

东盟是中国对外交流与合作最紧密的地区之一,全民健康覆盖是实现联合国可持续发展目标中卫生相关目标的关键支柱,也是中国和东盟共同关注的战略重点,如何与东盟开展全民健康覆盖合作、提高中国参与区域卫生治理水平,是深化中国-东盟战略伙伴关系的当务之急。本文通过梳理东盟在全民健康覆盖领域的政策及合作行动,总结中国-东盟全民健康覆盖合作的发展机遇及面临的挑战,针对未来中国加强与东盟的全民健康覆盖合作提供策略建议。

关键词：东盟全民健康覆盖卫生合作

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