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增强小目标特征的多尺度光学遥感图像目标检测

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光学学报 2024年第6期44卷 374-386页

作者：单慧琳王硕洋童俊毅胡宇翔张雁皓张银胜南京信息工程大学电子与信息工程学院江苏南京210044 无锡学院电子信息工程学院江苏无锡214105

针对光学遥感图像目标分布密集、尺度变化范围较大及小目标特征信息过少等造成目标检测精度不高、泛化能力差等问题,本文提出了一种增强小目标特征的多尺度神经网络(ESF-MNet)。首先在骨干网络中引入注意力模块构建出高效层注意力聚合结... 详细信息

针对光学遥感图像目标分布密集、尺度变化范围较大及小目标特征信息过少等造成目标检测精度不高、泛化能力差等问题,本文提出了一种增强小目标特征的多尺度神经网络(ESF-MNet)。首先在骨干网络中引入注意力模块构建出高效层注意力聚合结构,以增强特征提取能力;此外,在浅层特征图与颈部网络融合之前加入感受野增强模块,以捕获不同尺度的上下文信息。其次,使用GSConv构成颈部网络,减少网络层参数量,保持网络的特征提取能力,并通过基于内容感知的特征重组模块提高识别精度。最后,采用下采样率分别为4、8和16倍的三个下采样模块作为头部网络输入,来提高小目标的检测效果。为了证明该方法的有效性,在DOTA数据集和NWPU NHR-10数据集上进行实验,平均检测精度分别达78.6%和94.3%,计算复杂度为94.7 G,整体模型大小为26.2 M。该方法具备检测精度高、计算复杂度低、模型权重小等特点,能有效提高小目标的检测精度,进一步改善光学遥感图像小目标检测性能。

关键词：光学遥感图像目标检测感受野增强特征融合注意力机制

基于双模态高效特征学习的高分辨率遥感图像分割

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遥感学报 2024年第2期28卷 481-493页

作者：张银胜吉茹童俊毅杨宇龙胡宇翔单慧琳无锡学院电子信息工程学院无锡214105 南京信息工程大学电子与信息工程学院南京210044

遥感图像因具有丰富的语义信息和空间信息,增加了语义分割的难度。然而已有提取双模态特征的分割方法采用相同的主干网络,没有考虑互补特征的差异,存在特征提取、特征融合和上采样恢复细节信息不足等问题,无法准确高效的学习高分辨率遥... 详细信息

遥感图像因具有丰富的语义信息和空间信息,增加了语义分割的难度。然而已有提取双模态特征的分割方法采用相同的主干网络,没有考虑互补特征的差异,存在特征提取、特征融合和上采样恢复细节信息不足等问题,无法准确高效的学习高分辨率遥感图像信息。因此,本文提出基于双模态高效特征学习的高分辨率遥感图像分割算法。首先,针对不同模态的遥感图像设计合适的编码器,高效的提取双模态特征,并通过交互加强模块减少不同路径特征之间的差异。其次,提出双模态特征聚合模块和深层特征提取模块进一步融合和提取双模态特征,使网络能够充分学习互补信息。最后,提出多层特征上采样模块,利用语义信息丰富的高层特征对细节信息丰富的低层特征进行加权操作,逐步上采样实现特征高效恢复,提升分割性能。实验结果表明,所提算法在ISPRS Potsdam和Vaihingen数据集上的总体精度分别达到了94.52%、90.45%,能够高效的提取并融合高分辨率遥感图像的双模态特征,提高遥感图像分割的准确率。

关键词：遥感图像分割高效特征提取交互融合双模态特征聚合深层特征提取多层特征上采样

Spatiotemporal variations of actual evapotranspiration over the Lake Selin Co and surrounding small lakes (Tibetan Plateau) during 2003-2012

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Science China Earth Sciences 2016年第12期59卷 2441-2453页

作者： ZHOU Jing WANG Lei zhang yinsheng GUO YanHong HE Dan Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environmental Changes and Land Surface Processes Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences College of Arts and Sciences Beijing Union University

Actual evapotranspiration(ETa) over the Tibetan Plateau(TP) is an important component of the water cycle,and greatly influences the water budgets of the TP lake *** estimation of ETawithin lake basins is fundamental to physically understanding ETachanges,and thus will improve the understanding of the hydro logical processes and energy balance throughout the lake *** this study,the spatiotemporal dynamic changes of ETαwithin the Lake Selin Co(the TP’s largest lake) and its surrounding small lakes and land area during 2003-2012 are examined at the basin *** was carried out using the well-established Water and Energy Budget-based Distributed Hydrological Model(WEB-DHM) for the land area,the Penman method for the water area when unfrozen,and a simple sublimation estimation approach for the water area when *** relationships between ETachanges and controlling factors are also *** indicate that the simulated land ETafrom the WEB-DHM reasonably agrees with the estimated ETavalues from the nonlinear complementary relationship model using appropriately calibrated parameter values at a point *** ETadisplayed a non-significant increase of 7.03 mm year-1,and largely depends on *** the water area,the combined effects of reduced wind speed and net radiation offset the effect of rising temperature and vapor pressure deficit,and contributed to a non-significant decrease in evaporation of 4.17 mm *** analysis shows that vapor pressure deficit and wind speed are the most sensitive variables to the changes of evaporation from the water area.

关键词： Actual evapotranspiration Lake basins Tibetan Plateau Distributed hydrological model Penman method

基于DFECANet的遥感图像飞机目标检测方法

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电子测量与仪器学报 2024年第2期38卷 19-29页

作者：单慧琳吕宗奎付相为胡宇翔段修贤张银胜无锡学院电子信息工程学院无锡214105 南京信息工程大学电子与信息工程学院南京210044

针对现有的遥感图像目标检测方法中对小尺寸飞机目标的检测精度不高、特征信息传递不准确、信息交互不充分等问题,提出了一种基于可辨别特征提取和上下文感知的遥感图像飞机目标检测方法。设计了以可辨别特征提取模块为主体的主干网络,... 详细信息

针对现有的遥感图像目标检测方法中对小尺寸飞机目标的检测精度不高、特征信息传递不准确、信息交互不充分等问题,提出了一种基于可辨别特征提取和上下文感知的遥感图像飞机目标检测方法。设计了以可辨别特征提取模块为主体的主干网络,用以加强对多尺度飞机目标的特征提取;引入自适应特征增强模块,选择性关注小目标、优化特征信息的传递与信息交互;并设计了特征融合上采样模块对特征图进行上采样操作,用以提升高层语义信息的准确性。在DOTAv1数据集上的检测精度达到了95.2%,相较于YOLOv5s、SCRDet、ASSD等主流算法,飞机目标的检测精度提高了3.7%~18%。此外,该方法的检测速度以及模型参数量分别为147 fps和13.4 M,相较于当前主流算法具备较强的竞争力,满足在遥感背景下对飞机目标的实时检测需求。

关键词：图像处理目标检测多尺度特征融合遥感图像特征上采样

Cryosphere evapotranspiration in the Tibetan Plateau:A review

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2020年第6期12卷 355-370页

作者： KunXin Wang yinsheng zhang Ning Ma YanHong Guo YaoHui Qiang Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101China CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Beijing 100101China Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouGansu 730000China China-Pakistan Joint Research Center on Earth Sciences CAS-HECIslamabad 45320Pakistan

Land surface actual evapotranspiration is an important process that influences the Earth's energy and water cycles and determines the water and heat transfer in the soil-vegetation-atmosphere ***,the cryosphere's hydrological process is receiving extensive attention,and its water problem needs to be understood from multiple *** the main part of the Chinese cryosphere,the Tibetan Plateau faces significant climate and environmental *** are active interaction and pronounced feedback between the environment and ETa in the *** article mainly focuses on the research progress of ETa in the Tibetan *** first reviews the ETa process,characteristics,and impact factors of typical underlying surfaces in the Tibetan Plateau(alpine meadows,alpine steppes,alpine wetlands,alpine forests,lakes).Then it compares the temporal and spatial variations of ETa at different *** addition,considering the current greening of cryosphere vegetation due to climate change,it discusses the relationship between vegetation greening and transpiration to help clarify how vegetation activities are related to the regional water cycle and surface energy budget.

关键词： cryosphere evapotranspiration Tibetan Plateau transpiration evaporation

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山羊布鲁氏菌病流行风险因素及防控措施

现代畜牧科技 2024年第6期 135-137页

作者：张寅生马丽高梦洁彭叶龙新疆乌鲁木齐市动物疾病控制与诊断中心新疆乌鲁木齐830000 新疆维吾尔自治区动物疾病预防控制中心新疆乌鲁木齐830000 新疆农业大学数理学院新疆乌鲁木齐830052

布鲁氏菌病是一种与艾滋病、狂犬病和结核病并列的“四大人畜共患病”,该病能够导致感染后的动物繁殖能力降低甚至产生不孕和流产等现象。布鲁氏菌病主要的感染对象为山羊、绵羊和牛等。近年,该病的患病率在逐年升高,对我国山羊养殖带... 详细信息

布鲁氏菌病是一种与艾滋病、狂犬病和结核病并列的“四大人畜共患病”,该病能够导致感染后的动物繁殖能力降低甚至产生不孕和流产等现象。布鲁氏菌病主要的感染对象为山羊、绵羊和牛等。近年,该病的患病率在逐年升高,对我国山羊养殖带来严重的经济损失。认识山羊布鲁氏菌病的流行特点以及防控措施是降低该病危害的重要举措。该文从山羊布鲁氏菌病的流行特点、临床表现、诊断和防控为阐述重点,以期为降低布鲁氏菌病对山羊养殖的危害提供指导。

关键词：山羊布鲁氏菌病防控措施

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Shifting from homogeneous to heterogeneous surfaces in estimating terrestrial evapotranspiration: Review and perspectives

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Science China Earth Sciences 2022年第2期65卷 197-214页

作者： Yuanbo LIU Guoyu QIU Hongsheng zhang Yonghui YANG yinsheng zhang Quan WANG Wenzhi ZHAO Li JIA Xibin JI Yujiu XIONG Chunhua YAN Ning MA Shumin HAN Yifan CUI Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China School of Environment and Energy Peking University Shenzhen Graduate SchoolShenzhen 518055China Laboratory for Climate and Ocean-Atmosphere Studies Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic SciencesSchool of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory for Agricultural Water Resources Center for Agricultural Resources ResearchInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesShijiazhuang 050022China Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Faculty of Agriculture Shizuoka UniversityShizuoka 422-8529Japan Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100094China School of Civil Engineering Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Terrestrial evapotranspiration(ET)is a crucial link between Earth’s water cycle and the surface energy *** measurement and estimation remain a major challenge in geophysical,biological,and environmental *** work,represented by Dalton and Penman,and the development of theories and experiments on turbulent exchange in the atmospheric boundary layer(ABL),laid the foundation for mainstream methodologies in ET *** the 1990s,eddy covariance(EC)systems and satellite remote sensing have been widely applied from cold to tropical and from arid to humid *** cover water surfaces,wetlands,forests,croplands,grasslands,barelands,and urban areas,offering an exceptional number of reports on diverse ET *** nocturnal ET,hysteresis between ET and environmental forces,turbulence intermittency,island effects on heterogeneous surfaces,and phase transition between underlying surfaces are examples of reported new phenomena,posing theoretical and practical challenges to mainstream ET ***,based on non-conventional theories,new methods have emerged,such as maximum entropy production and nonparametric ***,high-frequency on-site observation and aerospace remote sensing technology in combination form multi-scale observations across plant stomata,leaves,plants,canopies,landscapes,and *** promotes an insightful understanding of diverse ET processes and synthesizes the common mechanisms of the processes between and across spatial and temporal *** the recent achievements in conception,model,and technology serve as the basis for breaking through the known difficulties in ET *** expect that they will provide a rigorous,reliable scientific basis and experimental support to address theoretical arguments of global significance,such as the water-heat-carbon cycle,and solve practical needs of national importance,including agricultural irrigation and food security,precise manageme

关键词： Evapotranspiration Atmospheric boundary layer Heterogeneous surface Uncertainty

基于双阶段多尺度生成对抗网络的图像复原方法

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国外电子测量技术 2024年第6期43卷 50-58页

作者：童俊毅张银胜张培琰李长帅孟祥源单慧琳南京信息工程大学电子与信息工程学院南京210044 无锡学院电子信息工程学院无锡214105

针对人脸图像复原任务中对图像尺度信息利用不足和眼镜结构复原错误的问题,提出一种基于双阶段多尺度生成对抗网络复原模型。该模型第1阶段引入改进损失的U-Net粗重构网络,利用跳连接减少原始图像信息的丢失,融合3种不同的损失函数提高... 详细信息

针对人脸图像复原任务中对图像尺度信息利用不足和眼镜结构复原错误的问题,提出一种基于双阶段多尺度生成对抗网络复原模型。该模型第1阶段引入改进损失的U-Net粗重构网络,利用跳连接减少原始图像信息的丢失,融合3种不同的损失函数提高生成器的重构能力,采用双判别器考虑全局信息和局部信息,并提出一种混合域注意力机制用于关注图像的空间和通道信息。第2阶段的精修复网络构建了全新的特征增强模块,增强网络对细节信息的提取能力和对结构的表达能力,引入相对判别器,用于关注生成样本与真实样本之间的相对真实性,提高了生成质量和训练稳定性。实验结果表明,该方法能够复原各类图像缺失的情况,并能够有效复原佩戴眼镜的人脸图像,与其他方法相比,该方法的峰值信噪比、结构相似性和感知相似度评估等指标分别提升了3.81%、2.65%和0.45%。

关键词：图像复原生成对抗网络特征增强双阶段 U-Net

Variability of atmospheric freezing level height derived from radiosonde data in China during 1958-2005 and its impact to cryosphere changes

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2011年第6期3卷 485-490页

作者： YanJun Guo yinsheng zhang National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration Beifing 100081 China Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

Atmospheric air temperature data from 92 stations in China＇s radiosonde network were used to analyze changes in the freezing level height （FLH）, glacier snow line, and ice edge from 1958-2005 （48 years） and to examine the impact of these changes on the cryosphere. In general, the FLH, glacier snow line, and ice edge exhibited latitudinal zonation, declining from south to north. Trends in the FLH, glacier snow line, and ice edge showed spatial heterogeneity during the study period, with prevailing upward trends. Temporally, the FLH, glacier snow line, and ice edge trends differed on various time scales.

关键词： freezing level height glacier snow line permafrost line cryosphere China