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Chinese Chemical Letters 2019年第5期30卷 1126-1128页

作者： yinhu wu Yin Yu Hongying Hu Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control(SMARC)School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Research Center of Water Pollution Control TechnologyChinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen InstituteShenzhen 518055China

In this study,a fingerprint analysis method along with the EEM fluorescence spectra was used to characterize the SAPs released by Scenedesmus ***1 during the growth *** fractionation was used firstly to divide the SAPs into six resin fractions,and then size exclusion chromatography(SEC)was performed to separate each resin fraction into several subfractions with different molecular weights(MW).The fingerprint graph integrated the information revealed by resin fractionation as well as that by SEC,showing that main components of SAPs changed from the hydrophilic subfractions with MW of 10~2-10~3 Da to the hydrophobic subfractions with MW of 10~3-10~4 *** these results with the EEM fluorescence spectra of different resin fractions,the change of the main matters within SAPs could be inferred.

关键词： Microalgae Soluble algal products Fingerprint analysis Resin fractionation Molecular weight distribution

Significant increase of assimilable organic carbon(AOC)levels in MBR effluents followed by coagulation,ozonation and combined treatments:Implications for biostability control of reclaimed water

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021年第4期15卷 241-249页

作者： Xiaojie Shi Zhuo Chen Yun Lu Qi Shi yinhu wu Hong-Ying Hu Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control(SMARC)School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen InstituteShenzhen518055China

As water reuse development has increased,biological stability issues associated with reclaimed water have gained *** study evaluated assimilable organic carbon(AOC)in effluents from a full-scale membrane biological reactor(MBR)plant and found that they were generally stable over one year(125-216µg/L),with slight increases in warmer *** additional tertiary treatments,the largest increases in absolute and specific AOCs were detected during ozonation,followed by coagulation-ozonation and ***,UV254 absorbance is known to be an effective surrogate to predict the AOC changes during *** coagulation prior to ozonation of MBR effluents for removal of large molecules was found to reduce the AOC formation compared with ozonation treatment ***,the results revealed that attention should be paid to seasonal variations in influent and organic fraction changes during treatment to enable sustainable water reuse.

关键词： Assimilable organic carbon(AOC) MBR effluents Tertiary treatments Coagulation Ozonation

Attached cultivation of Scenedesmus ***1 on selected solids and the effect of surface properties on attachment

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2019年第4期13卷 113-121页

作者： Hong-Ying Hu Tian-Yuan Zhang Xiao-Xiong Wang yinhu wu Guo-Hua Dao Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (MARC)School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen InstituteShenzhen 518055China

Attached cultivation systems in the literature do not present a methodology to screen materials for microalgal growth. Hence, a method is needed to find suitable materials for attached cultivation that may enhance attachment of microalgae. In this paper, we have tested seven materials culturing Scenedesmus sp. LX1 (S. sp. LX1)to evaluate the attachment of microalgae on the material surface, its growth in suspension phase and the properties of the materials. Two materials showed attachment of S. sp. LX1, polyurethane foam and loofah sponge, and allowed microalgae to grow both in the surface of the material and suspended phase. Polyurethane foam proved to be a good material for attachment of S. sp. LX1 and the amount of attached microalgae obtained was 51.73 mg/L when adding 100 pieces/L. SEM images showed that the surface and the pore size of the materials affected the attachment of the microalgae, increasing its attachment in scaffold-like materials. Furthermore, the hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties of the materials also affected the attachment of microalgae. This research can be used as a methodology to search for the assessment of a material suitable for attachment of microalgae.

关键词： Attached cultivation Microalgae Material properties Polyurethane Scenedesmus

Ozonation as an efficient pretreatment method to alleviate reverse osmosis membrane fouling caused by complexes of humic acid and calcium ion

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2019年第4期13卷 89-100页

作者： Xuehao Zhao yinhu wu Xue Zhang Xin Tong Tong Yu Yunhong Wang Nozomu Ikuno Kazuki Ishii Hongying Hu Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC)School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology Institute of Nuclear and New Energy TechnologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Kurita Water Industries Ltd. Nakano-kuTokyo 164-0001Japan Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen InstituteShenzhen 518055China

Humic acid has been considered as one of the most significant sources in feed water causing organic fouling of reverse osmosis (RO) membranes, but the relationship between the fouling behavior of humic acid and the change of its molecular structure has not been well developed yet. In this study, the RO membrane fouling behavior of humic acid was studied systematically with ozonation as a pretreatment method to control RO membrane fouling. Furthermore, the effect of ozone on the structure ofhumic acid was also explored to reveal the mechanisms. Humic acid alone (10-90 mg/L, in deionized water) was found not to cause obvious RO membrane fouling in 45-h operation. However, the presence of Ca^2+ aggravated significantly the RO membrane fouling caused by humic acid, with significant flux reduction and denser fouling layer on RO membrane, as it was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM). However, after the pretreatment by ozone, the influence of Ca^2+ was almost eliminated. Further analysis revealed that the addition of Ca^2+ increased the particle size of humic acid solution significantly, while ozonation reduced the SUVA254, particle size and molecular weight of the complexes of humic acid and Ca^2+(HA-Ca^2+ complexes). According to these results and literature, the bridge effect of Ca^2+ aggregating humic acid molecules and the cleavage effect of ozone breaking HA-Ca^2+ complexes were summarized. The change of the structure of humic acid under the effect of Ca^2+ and ozone is closely related to the change of its membrane fouling behavior.

关键词： Reverse osmosis Membrane fouling Humic acid Ca^2+ Ozone

Modelling the thresholds of nitrogen/phosphorus concentration and hydraulic retention time for bloom control in reclaimed water landscape

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022年第10期16卷 53-63页

作者： Keying Song Shufeng Zhu Yun Lu Guohua Dao yinhu wu Zhuo Chen Shengnan Wang Junhan Liu Wenguang Zhou Hong-Ying Hu Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control(SMARC)School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies Beijing 100084China Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650500China Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization Ministry of Educationand School of ResourcesEnvironmental&Chemical EngineeringNanchang UniversityNanchang 330031China Research Institute for Environmental Innovation(Suzhou)Tsinghua JiangsuSuzhou 215163China

The risks posed by algal blooms caused by nitrogen and phosphorus in reclaimed water used in urban water landscapes need to be carefully *** this study,the combined effects of the nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations and the light intensity and temperature on the specific growth rates of algae were determined using Monod,Steele,and Arrhenius models,then an integrated algal growth model was *** algae biomass,nitrogen concentration,and phosphorus concentration mass balance equations were used to establish a new control model describing the nitrogen and phosphorus concentration and hydraulic retention time thresholds for algal *** model parameters were determined by fitting the models to data acquired ***,the control model and numerical simulations for six typical algae and mixed algae under standard conditions were used to determine nitrogen/phosphorus concentration and hydraulic retention time thresholds for landscape water to which reclaimed water is supplied(i.e.,for a reclaimed water landscape).

关键词： Reclaimed water landscape Algal bloom Nitrogen and phosphorus Hydraulic retention time Threshold Control model

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纳管印染废水生物处理特性及其定量评价

环境工程学报 2020年第11期14卷 3021-3029页

作者：王天志胡洪营巫寅虎清华大学环境学院环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室北京100084 清华-苏州环境创新研究院苏州215163

生物处理技术因其成本低廉、具有良好的环境效应和经济效应,成为印染废水最常用的处理技术之一。为适应对印染废水水质的高标准处理需求,同时考虑污水中污染物组分的复杂性,需对其生物处理特性进行评价,以印染企业内部处理后排放到污水... 详细信息

生物处理技术因其成本低廉、具有良好的环境效应和经济效应,成为印染废水最常用的处理技术之一。为适应对印染废水水质的高标准处理需求,同时考虑污水中污染物组分的复杂性,需对其生物处理特性进行评价,以印染企业内部处理后排放到污水处理厂的纳管废水为研究对象,通过分析确定不同降解难度的有机物所占比例,实现对废水中有机物降解特性定量评价。结果表明:当印染废水的B/C值为0.26时,在实际运行工况下,该类印染废水中仅有18.6%的有机物可被生物降解,在这些可被生物降解的有机物中,生物快速降解、生物易降解、生物可降解有机物的平均含量分别为15.48%、64.29%、20.83%;通过增加氮源和磷源的含量,印染废水中可被生物降解的有机物含量可提高53.45%~60.34%,其中氮源主要提高生物快速降解的有机物含量,磷源主要提高生物易降解的有机物含量。对印染废水的生物处理特性评价方法及评价结果,可作为污水处理中水征指标评价方法与理论体系的一部分,有利于重新认识现有污水处理工艺和水质标准、优化现有技术和工艺组合及其运行操作。

关键词：生物处理特性印染废水污水处理高标准

城市污水二级处理出水中不同种类PPCPs的臭氧氧化效果与机制研究

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环境科学学报 2020年第11期40卷 3868-3876页

作者：牙柳丁王文龙胡洪营吴乾元巫寅虎陈卓清华大学环境学院环境模拟与污染控制国家联合重点实验室北京100084 清华-伯克利深圳学院深圳环境科学与新能源技术工程实验室深圳518055 清华大学深圳国际研究生院国家环境保护环境微生物利用与安全控制重点实验室深圳518055

研究了臭氧氧化对城市污水二级处理出水中15种典型药品和个人护理品(PPCPs)的去除效果及O3分子氧化和·OH自由基氧化的贡献.结果表明,PPCPs的臭氧氧化去除效果与其亲核官能结构特性相关,芳香胺结构为主的PPCPs易降解,烷基胺结构为主的PP... 详细信息

研究了臭氧氧化对城市污水二级处理出水中15种典型药品和个人护理品(PPCPs)的去除效果及O3分子氧化和·OH自由基氧化的贡献.结果表明,PPCPs的臭氧氧化去除效果与其亲核官能结构特性相关,芳香胺结构为主的PPCPs易降解,烷基胺结构为主的PPCPs可部分降解,亲核特性较弱的双键为主的PPCPs难降解;在臭氧投加量为5.5 mg·L-1条件下,这3类PPCPs的去除率为分别为大于95%、57%~68%和39%~57%.臭氧氧化过程中,O3分子氧化和·OH自由基氧化均起重要作用.易降解PPCPs的氧化机制以O3分子氧化为主,贡献率为82%~91%;可降解和难降解PPCPs的氧化机制以·OH自由基氧化为主,贡献率分别为48%~71%和66%~94%.二级出水中臭氧氧化过程中,UVA254去除率可呈单线性或分段线性指示PPCPs的去除效率.

关键词：城市污水深度处理臭氧氧化药品和个人护理品自由基紫外吸光度

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黄河流域城镇污水处理厂建设与运行现状分析

给水排水 2022年第12期48卷 27-36页

作者：徐傲巫寅虎陈卓郝姝然胡洪营清华苏州环境创新研究院苏州215163 清华大学环境学院环境前沿技术北京实验室环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室北京100084

对黄河流域68个主要城市的城镇污水排放与处理厂建设、污水处理厂进出水水质和能耗情况进行了系统分析。主要城市的平均污水处理率(污水处理量/污水排放量)达到98.1%,略高于全国平均水平。黄南州、阿坝州和海西州的污水处理率不足90%,... 详细信息

对黄河流域68个主要城市的城镇污水排放与处理厂建设、污水处理厂进出水水质和能耗情况进行了系统分析。主要城市的平均污水处理率(污水处理量/污水排放量)达到98.1%,略高于全国平均水平。黄南州、阿坝州和海西州的污水处理率不足90%,呼和浩特、商洛和西安等26座城市的污水处理量超过了污水处理能力,平均负荷率达到117.1%,这些城市的污水处理设施建设亟待加强。多个城市的污水处理厂进水污染浓度偏低,阿坝州、甘孜州和濮阳等16个城市的城镇污水处理厂进水BOD浓度(2020年度中位值)低于100 mg/L。污水处理厂出水水质较好,除海北州和天水外,主要城市的城镇污水处理厂出水COD、TN和TP浓度均达到GB 18918-2002一级A排放标准。主要城市污水处理厂单位水量电耗介于0.26~1.11 kW·h/m^(3),单位COD去除电耗介于0.89~9.06 kW·h/kgCOD。果洛州、阿坝州和玉树州等城市的污水处理厂单位COD去除电耗显著高于其他城市。建议针对黄河流域地域特点,进一步加强城镇污水收集和处理设施建设完善污水处理统计制度,建立污水处理数据库和信息系统,推动黄河流域污水处理高质量发展。

关键词：污水处理厂进水水质出水水质电耗提质增效黄河流域

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不同细菌分泌物及其反渗透膜污堵特性比较

环境科学学报 2018年第10期38卷 3937-3944页

作者：方品晟孙浩于童赵雪皓巫寅虎胡洪营清华大学环境学院环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室国家环境保护环境微生物利用与安全控制重点实验室北京100084 清华-伯克利深圳学院环境与新能源技术工程实验室深圳518055

反渗透(RO)工艺在城市污水再生处理中的应用越来越多,但膜污堵严重影响了该工艺的稳定运行.溶解性微生物产物(SMP)是造成RO膜污堵的最主要的有机物.本文以再生水厂RO膜面分离的两种细菌Pseudomonas sp. AM1-1和Chromobacterium ***1-2的... 详细信息

反渗透(RO)工艺在城市污水再生处理中的应用越来越多,但膜污堵严重影响了该工艺的稳定运行.溶解性微生物产物(SMP)是造成RO膜污堵的最主要的有机物.本文以再生水厂RO膜面分离的两种细菌Pseudomonas sp. AM1-1和Chromobacterium ***1-2的SMP为研究对象,比较了两者SMP的组成成分及其对RO膜的污堵能力.结果发现,在葡萄糖培养基中培养至稳定期后,两者产生的SMP中多糖与蛋白质比例均约为1∶1,AM1-1的SMP中多糖和蛋白质均呈双峰式分布,分布于大于10~5Da和小于10~3Da两个范围;AM1-2的SMP中,多糖分子量呈双峰式分布,主要分布于大于10~6Da的范围,有少量小于10~3Da,蛋白质分子量小于10~3Da.通过RO错流过滤污堵实验装置考察了两种SMP对RO膜的污堵特性,发现SMP中大分子有机物的分子量与SMP的膜污堵潜力密切相关,有机物分子量越大,SMP的膜污堵潜力越高,而多糖和蛋白质的比例并不是决定SMP膜污堵潜力的关键.因此,减少SMP中的大分子量物质(特别是大分子多糖)在RO膜表面的沉积,是缓解SMP造成的RO膜污堵的关键.

关键词：反渗透膜有机污堵溶解性微生物产物(SMP) 膜污堵特性

污水特质(水征)评价及其在污水再生处理工艺研究中的应用

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环境科学研究 2019年第5期32卷 725-733页

作者：胡洪营吴乾元吴光学孙迎雪杨宏伟巫寅虎王文龙清华大学环境学院环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室北京100084 清华-伯克利深圳学院深圳环境科学与新能源技术工程实验室深圳518055 清华大学深圳研究生院国家环境保护环境微生物利用与安全控制重点实验室深圳518055 北京工商大学食品学院北京100037 清华-苏州环境创新研究院江苏苏州215163

近年来,在污水高标准处理研究和工程实践中,发现和遇到越来越多的现有常规水质指标、工艺理论和技术知识等难以解释的新现象和难以解决的新问题.以逐步建立水质复杂体系研究理论和方法体系,构筑科学、有效的污水处理风险管理和安全保障... 详细信息

近年来,在污水高标准处理研究和工程实践中,发现和遇到越来越多的现有常规水质指标、工艺理论和技术知识等难以解释的新现象和难以解决的新问题.以逐步建立水质复杂体系研究理论和方法体系,构筑科学、有效的污水处理风险管理和安全保障管理系统为目标,介绍了污水的复杂体系特征,阐述了污水高标准处理中工艺设计、运行和诊断面临系统理论方法缺失的问题及其根源,提出了可有效支撑污水工艺研究的污水特质,即"水征(water feature)"的概念.通过分析污水中污染物的浓度水平、组分特征、安全性和稳定性及其时空变化,定义了水征"四维度"内涵,即污染物污染程度、组分特征、毒害效应和转化潜势等4个维度.研究和实践案例表明,水征能有效支撑水质安全评价、处理特性预测、处理工艺设计和工艺诊断优化等.在以水环境质量改善和环境风险控制为目标的污水高标准处理新阶段,基于水征研究,发展高效处理工艺、构筑科学有效的风险管理和安全保障体系尤为重要.今后需深入、持续开展污水处理中水征指标评价方法与理论体系、水征与污染物处理关键技术开发与工艺优化、水征与风险评价管理等方面的研究.

关键词：水质评价污水特质水征污水工艺设计工艺诊断与优化