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Genome engineering technologies for targeted genetic modification in plants

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Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第4期29卷 875-887页

作者： Wei tang Anna Y. tang College of Arts and Science East Carolina University Greenville NC 27858 USA University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 101 Stadium Drive Chapel Hill NC 27514 USA

Well-established targeted technologies to engi- neer genomes such as zinc-finger nuclease-based editing （ZFN）, transcription activator-like effector nuclease-based editing （TALEN）, and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and associated protein system-based editing （CRISPR/Cas） are proving to advance basic and applied research in numerous plant species. Compared with systems using ZFNs and TALENs, the most recently developed CRISPR/Cas system is more efficient due to its use of an RNA-guided nuclease to generate double-strand DNA breaks. To accelerate the applications of these technologies, we provide here a detailed overview of these systems, highlight the strengths and weaknesses of each, summarize research advances made with these technologies in model and crop plants, and discuss their applications in plant functional genomics. Such targeted approaches for genetically modifying plants will benefit agricultural production in the future.

关键词： Double-stranded DNA break Genomeediting CRISPR system Transcription activator-likeeffector nucleases Zinc-finger nucleases

Primal-Dual ε-Subgradient Method for Distributed Optimization

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2023年第2期36卷 577-590页

作者： ZHU Kui tang Yutao School of Artificial Intelligence Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China

This paper studies the distributed optimization problem when the objective functions might be nondifferentiable and subject to heterogeneous set *** existing subgradient methods,the authors focus on the case when the exact subgradients of the local objective functions can not be accessed by the *** solve this problem,the authors propose a projected primaldual dynamics using only the objective function’s approximate *** authors first prove that the formulated optimization problem can generally be solved with an error depending upon the accuracy of the available ***,the authors show the exact solvability of this distributed optimization problem when the accumulated approximation error of inexact subgradients is not too *** that,the authors also give a novel componentwise normalized variant to improve the transient behavior of the convergent *** effectiveness of the proposed algorithms is verified by a numerical example.

关键词： Constrained optimization distributed optimization e-subgradient primal-dual dynamics

Chlorinated butyl rubber/two-step modified montmorillonite nanocomposites:Mechanical and damping properties

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2022年第2期35卷 437-449页

作者： Keya tang Jincheng Wang College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai University of Engineering ScienceShanghai 201620China

Montmorillonite(MMT) was modified by ultrasound and castor oil quaternary ammonium salt intercalation method to prepare a new type of organic montmorillonite(OMMT). The surface structure, particle morphology, interlayer distance, and thermal behavior of the samples obtained were characterized. The modified OMMT was then added to chlorinated butyl rubber(CIIR) by mechanical blending, and a composite material with excellent damping properties was obtained. The mechanical experiment results of CIIR nanocomposites showed that the addition of OMMT improved their tensile strength, hardness,and stress relaxation rate. Compared with pure CIIR, when the content of OMMT was 5 phr(part per hundred of rubber), the tensile strength of the nanocomposite was increased by 677% and the elongation at break was also increased by 105.4%. The enhancement of this performance was mainly due to the dispersion of the nanosheets in CIIR rubber and the chemical interaction between the organoclay and the polymer matrix, which was confirmed by morphology and spectral analysis. OMMT also endowed a positive effect on the damping properties of CIIR nanocomposites. After adding 5 phr of OMMT, the nanocomposite owned the best damping performance, and the damping factor, tanδmax, was 37.9% higher than that of pure CIIR. Therefore, the good damping and mechanical properties of these CIIR nanocomposites provided some novel and promising methods for preparing high-damping rubber in a wide temperature range.

关键词： Montmorillonite Nanostructure Chlorinated butyl rubber Polymer processing Composites

AnimeNet: A Deep Learning Approach for Detecting Violence and Eroticism in Animated Content

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第10期77卷 867-891页

作者： Yixin tang Department of Cooperative Course of Performance Film&AnimationSejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea

Cartoons serve as significant sources of entertainment for children and ***,numerous animated videos contain unsuitable content,such as violence,eroticism,abuse,and vehicular *** content detection methods rely on manual inspection,which is resource-intensive,time-consuming,and not always ***,more efficient detection methods are necessary to safeguard young *** paper addresses this significant problem by proposing a novel deep learning-based system,AnimeNet,designed to detect varying degrees of violent and erotic content in *** utilizes a novel Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)model to extract image features effectively,classifying violent and erotic scenes in videos and *** novelty of the work lies in the introduction of a novel channel-spatial attention module,enhancing the feature extraction performance of the CNN model,an advancement over previous efforts in the *** validate the approach,I compared AnimeNet with state-of-the-art classification methods,including ResNet,RegNet,ConvNext,ViT,and *** were used to identify violent and erotic scenes within specific video *** results showed that AnimeNet outperformed these models,proving it to be well-suited for real-time applications in videos or *** work presents a significant leap forward in automatic content detection in animation,offering a high-accuracy solution that is less resource-intensive and more reliable than current *** proposed approach enables it possible to better protect young audiences from exposure to unsuitable content,underlining its importance and potential for broad social impact.

关键词： Computer vision animation deep learning classification attention mechanism

Parallel finite element computation of incompressible magnetohydrodynamics based on three iterations

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2022年第1期43卷 141-154页

作者： Qili tang Yunqing HUANG Hunan Key Laboratory for Computation and Simulation in Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing&Information Processing of Ministry of EducationSchool of Mathematics and Computational ScienceXiangtan UniversityXiangtanHunan Province411105China

Based on local algorithms,some parallel finite element(FE)iterative methods for stationary incompressible magnetohydrodynamics(MHD)are *** approaches are on account of two-grid skill include two major phases:find the FE solution by solving the nonlinear system on a globally coarse mesh to seize the low frequency component of the solution,and then locally solve linearized residual subproblems by one of three iterations(Stokes-type,Newton,and Oseen-type)on subdomains with fine grid in parallel to approximate the high frequency *** error estimates with regard to two mesh sizes and iterative steps of the proposed algorithms are *** numerical examples are implemented to verify the algorithm.

关键词： local and parallel algorithm finite element(FE)method iteration stationary incompressible magnetohydrodynamics(MHD)

Transcriptional mechanisms regulating gene expression and determining cell fates in plant development

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Journal of Forestry Research 2017年第5期28卷 863-880页

作者： Wei tang Anna Y.tang College of Arts and Science East Carolina University University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Transcriptional regulatory mechanisms that control transcriptional regulators, target genes, and their interactions provide new insights into general development processes throughout the life cycle of the plant. Although different molecular mechanisms that regulate plant growth and development have been identified, detailed transcriptional mechanisms that control gene expression, modulate developmental programmes, and determine cell fates in plant development are not fully understood. To increase our understanding on transcriptional mechanisms regulating diverse processes in plant development, we have reviewed the regulation of transcription during the process of development including transcriptional mechanisms regulating root, stem, leaf, flower, seed, embryo, endosperm, ovule, fruit, and chloroplast development. We have summarized the interaction, expression, transport, signaling events of transcriptional regulators and their targets in a number of model plants and highlighted the involvement of hormones and microRNAs in plant development. Understanding the precise transcriptional mechanisms regulating gene expression in plant development will be valuable for plant molecular breeding.

关键词： MicroRNAs Molecular breeding Plant development Root formation Transcriptional regulators

A self-adaptive grey forecasting model and its application

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2022年第3期33卷 665-673页

作者： tang Xiaozhong XIE Naiming College of Economics and Management Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 211106China Department of Industry and Finance Huangshan Vocational and Technical CollegeHuangshan 245000China

GM(1,1)models have been widely used in various fields due to their high performance in time series ***,some hypotheses of the existing GM(1,1)model family may reduce their prediction performance in some *** solve this problem,this paper proposes a self-adaptive GM(1,1)model,termed as SAGM(1,1)model,which aims to solve the defects of the existing GM(1,1)model family by deleting their modeling ***,a novel multi-parameter simultaneous optimization scheme based on firefly algorithm is proposed,the proposed multi-parameter optimization scheme adopts machine learning ideas,takes all adjustable parameters of SAGM(1,1)model as input variables,and trains it with firefly *** Sobol’sensitivity indices are applied to study global sensitivity of SAGM(1,1)model parameters,which provides an important reference for model parameter ***,forecasting capability of SAGM(1,1)model is illustrated by Anhui electricity consumption *** show that prediction accuracy of SAGM(1,1)model is significantly better than other models,and it is shown that the proposed approach enhances the prediction performance of GM(1,1)model significantly.

关键词： grey forecasting model GM(1,1)model firefly algo-rithm Sobol’sensitivity indices electricity consumption prediction

VARIATIONAL DISCRETIZATION FOR PARABOLIC OPTIMAL CONTROL PROBLEMS WITH CONTROL CONSTRAINTS

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2012年第5期25卷 880-895页

作者： Yuelong tang Yanping CHEN School of Mathematics and Computational Science Xiangtan University School of Mathematical Sciences South China Normal University

This paper studies variational discretization for the optimal control problem governed by parabolic equations with control constraints. First of all, the authors derive a priori error estimates where｜｜｜u - Uh｜｜｜L∞（J;L2（Ω）） = O（h2 ＋ k）. It is much better than a priori error estimates of standard finite element and backward Euler method where ｜｜｜u- Uh｜｜｜L∞（J;L2（Ω）） = O（h ＋ k）. Secondly, the authors obtain a posteriori error estimates of residual type. Finally, the authors present some numerical algorithms for the optimal control problem and do some numerical experiments to illustrate their theoretical results.

关键词： A posteriori error estimates a priori error estimates optimal control problems parabolicequations variational discretization.

Narrative Graph:Telling Evolving Stories Based on Event-centric Temporal Knowledge Graph

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2023年第2期32卷 206-221页

作者： Zhihua Yan Xijin tang Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China School of Management Science and Engineering Shanxi University of Finance and EconomicsTaiyuan030006China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100039China

As the main channel for people to obtain information and express their opinions,online media generate a huge amount of unstructured news documents every day and make it difficult for people to perceive major societal events and grasp the evolution of *** studies on storyline generation are generally based on document clustering without considering event arguments and relations between ***-centric knowledge graph has been used to facilitate the construction of news documents to form structured event *** some studies have attempted to construct timelines based on event-centric knowledge graphs,it is difficult for timelines to depict the complex structures of event *** this paper,we try to represent news documents as an event-centric knowledge graph,and compress the whole knowledge graph into salient complex events in temporal order to generate storylines named narrative *** first collect news documents from news platforms,construct an event ontology,and build an event-centric knowledge graph with temporal *** neural network is used to detect events,while BERT fine-tuning is leveraged to identify temporal relations between ***,a novel generation framework of narrative graph with constraints of coherence and coverage is *** addition,a case study is implemented to demonstrate how to utilize narrative graph to analyze real-world *** experiment results show that our approach significantly outperforms the baseline approaches.

关键词： Storyline event-centric knowledge graph event evolution community detection