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Estimation methods of eco-environmental water requirements: Case study

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Science china.Earth Sciences 2005年第8期48卷 1280-1292页

作者： yang zhifeng1,2. CUI Baoshan1 & {2.U Jing{2.ng 1. school of Environment, beijing normal university, beijing 100875, china.2. state key Joint laboratory of Environmental {12. and Pollution Control, beijing 100875, china 1. school of Environment Beijing Normal University 100875 Beijing China 2. state key Joint {2. of Environmental simulation and Pollution Control 100875 Beijing China

Supplying water to the ecological environment with certain quantity and quality is significant for the protection of diversity and the realization of sustainable development. The conception and connotation of eco-environmental water requirements, including the definition of the conception, the composition and characteristics of eco-environmental water requirements, are evaluated in this paper. The classification and estimation methods of eco-environmental water requirements are then proposed. On the basis of the study on the Huang-Huai-Hai Area, the present water use, the minimum and suitable water requirement are estimated and the cor-responding water shortage is also calculated. According to the interrelated programs, the eco-environmental water requirements in the coming years (2.10, 2.30, 2.50) are estimated. The result indicates that the minimum and suitable eco-environmental water requirements fluc-tuate with the differences of function setting and the referential standard of water resources, and so as the water shortage. Moreover, the study indicates that the minimum eco-environmental water requirement of the study area ranges from 2.84×1010m3 to 1.02.1011m3, the suitable water requirement ranges from 6.45×1010m3 to 1.78×1011m3, the water shortage ranges from 9.1×109m3 to 2.16×1010m3 under the minimum water requirement, and it is from 3.07×1010m3 to 7.53×1010m3 under the suitable water requirement. According to the different values of the water shortage, the water priority can be allocated. The ranges of the eco-environmental water re-quirements in the three coming years (2.10, 2.30, 2.50) are 4.49×1010m3?1.73×1011m3, 5.99×10m3?2.09×1011m3, and 7.44×1010m3?2.52.1011m3, respectively.

关键词： eco-environmental water requirements, assessment methods, Huang-Huai-Hai area.

Node ordinal encoded genetic algorithm for the optimal allocation of water resources

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2005年第5期15卷 448-452页

作者： yang Xiaohua1*, yang {2. 1,2. SHEN Zhenyao1 and li Jianqiang3(1. state key laboratory of water Environment simulation, school of Environment, beijing normal university, beijing {12., china.2. key laboratory for water and Sediment Sciences Ministry of Education, school of Environment, beijing normal university, beijing {12., china.3. water Resources and Hydropower Planning and Design General Institute, MWR, beijing 100011, china. state key {2. of water Environment simulation School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China key laboratory for {2. and Sediment Sciences Ministry of Education School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China water Resources and Hydropower Planning and Design General Institute MWR Beijing 100011 China

A new method, node ordinal encoded genetic algorithm (NOEGA), is proposed for solving water resources optimal allocation problems, in which the capacity of water resources is sp{2.t into a number of smaller parts so that successive operations can be overlapped. Our objective is to maximize the whole benefit function. To overcome the “dimensiona{2.ty and algorithm complexity curse” while searching for solutions and looking for an optimal solution, the operations of one-point crossover operator, gene exchange operator, gene random operator, gene shift operator and node ordinal strings are estab{2.shed. It is proved to be an effective optimal method in searching for global solutions. The NOEGA does not need a diversity of initial population, and it does not have the problem of immature convergence. The results of two cases show that using NOEGA to solve the optimal allocation model is very efficient and robust. In addition, the algorithm complexity of NOEGA is discussed.

关键词： water resources optimal allocation node ordinal code genetic algorithm.

An ideal interval method of multi-objective decision-making for comprehensive assessment of water resources renewability

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Science china.Technological Sciences) 2004年第z1期47卷 42-50页

作者： yang Xiaohua1, yang zhifeng1,2, SHEN Zhenyao1 & li Jianqiang3 1. school of Environment, state key laboratory of water Environment simulation, beijing normal Univer- sity, beijing 100875, china.2. school of Environment, key laboratory for water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, beijing normal university, beijing 100875, china.3. water Resources and Hydropower Planning and Design General Institute, MWR, beijing 100011, china beijing normal Univ Sch Environm State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat Beijing 100875 Peoples R China beijing normal Univ Sch Environm Key Lab Water & Sediment Sci Minist Educ Beijing 100875 Peoples R China MWR Water Resources & Hydropower Planning & Design Ge Beijing 100011 Peoples R China

In order to estimate water resources renewability scientifically, an Ideal Interval Method of Multiple Objective Decision-Making (IIMMODM) is presented. This method is developed through improving an ideal point method of multiple objective decision-making. The ideal interval is obtained with assessment standard instead of ideal points. The weights are decided by using the basic point and gray code accelerating genetic algorithm. This method has synthesized the expert’s suggestion and avoided giving a mark for the objective again. It could solve the complicated problem of compatible or incompatible multi-objective assessment. The principle of IIMMODM is presented in this paper. It is used to assess the water resources renewability for nine administrative divisions in the Yellow River basin. The result shows that the water resources renewability in the Yellow River basin is very low. Compared with the gray associate analysis method, fuzzy synthesis method and genetic projection pursuit method, the IIMMODM is easier to use. Compared with the ideal point method of multiple objective decision-making, the IIMMODM has good robustness, which is applicable to the comprehensive assessments of water resources.

关键词： water resources renewability, comprehensive assessment, multiple objective decision-making,ideal interval, Yellow River basin.

Biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments from the Daliao River {2.shed, china

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第7期21卷 865-871页

作者： QUAN Xiangchun, TANG Qian, HE Mengchang, yang zhifeng, {2.N Chunye, GUO Wei state key Joint laboratory of Environmental simulation and Pollution Control, school of Environment, beijing normal university, beijing 100875, china. [a]state key Joint {2. of Environmental simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

The Daliao River, as an important water system in Northeast {2. was reported to be heavily polluted by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs）. Aerobic biodegradations of four selected PAHs （naphthalene, phenanthrene, fluorene and anthracene） alone or in their mixture in river sediments from the Daliao River water systems were studied in microcosm systems. Effects of additional carbon source, inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus, temperature variation on PAHs degradation were also investigated. Results showed that the degradation of phenanthrene in water alone system was faster than that in water-sediment combined system. Degradation of phenanthrene in sediment was enhanced by adding yeast extract and ammonium, but retarded by adding sodium acetate and not significantly influenced by adding phosphate. Although PAHs could also be biodegraded in sediment under low temperature （5~C）, much lower degradation rate was observed. Sediments from the three main streams of the Daliao River water system （the Hun River, the Taizi River and the Daliao River） demonstrated different degradation capacities and patterns to four PAHs. Average removal rates （15 or 19 d） of naphthalene, phenanthrene, fluorene and anthracene by sediment were in the range of 0.062.0.087, 0.005-0.066, 0.008- 0.016 and 0-0.059 mg/（L.d）, respectively. As a result, naphthalene was most easily degraded compound, anthracene was the hardest one. In multiple PAHs systems, the interactions between PAHs influenced each PAH biodegradation.

关键词： biodegradation the Daliao River microcosm polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon sediment

Sediment pollution and its effect on fish through food chain in the yangtze River

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2008年第4期23卷 338-347页

Suspended sediment adsorbs pollutants from flowing water in rivers and deposits onto the bed. However, the pollutants accumulated in the river bed sediment may affect the bio-community through food chain for a long period of time. To study the problem the concentration of heavy metals (Cr, Cd, Hg, Cu, Fe, Zn, Pb and As) in water, sediment, and fish/invertebrate were investigated in the middle and lower reaches of the {2.tze River during 2.06-2.07. The concentrations of heavy metals were 100-10,000 times higher in the sediment than in the water. Benthic invertebrates had relatively high concentrations of heavy metals in their tissues due to their proximity to contaminated sediments. Benthic invertivore fish had moderately high concentrations of heavy metals whereas phytoplanktivore fish, such as the silver carp, accumulated the lowest concentration of heavy metals. The concentrations of Cu, Zn, and Fe were higher than Hg, Pb, Cd, Cr, and As in the tissue samples. The concentration of heavy metals was lower in the river sediments than in the lake sediments. Conversely, the concentration of heavy metals was higher in river water than in lake water. While a pollution event into a water body is often transitory, the effects of the pollutants may be long-lived due to their tendency to be absorbed in the sediments and then released into the food chain. The heavy metals were concentrated in the following order: bottom material > demersal fish and benthic fauna > middle-lower layer fish > upper-middle layer fish > water.

关键词： Sediment pollution Heavy metal Fish Invertebrate yangtze River

A COUPLED MODEL OF HYDRODYNAMICS AND water QUAliTY FOR {2.QIAO RESERVOIR IN HAIHE RIVER BASIN

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2008年第5期20卷 574-582页

作者： liU Xiao-bo PENG Wen-qi HE Guo-jian liU Jing-ling WANG yu-chun school of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Department of water Environment China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research Beijing100038 China Department of Hydraulic Engineering State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering TsinghuaUniversity Beijing 100084 China

In order to simulate the characteristics of hydrodynamic field and mass transport processes in the yuqiao Reservoir （YQR）, a 2.D coupled model of hydrodynamics and water qua{2.ty was developed, and the water-qua{2.ty related state variables in this model included CODMn, TN and TP. The hydrodynamic model was driven by employing observed winds and daily measured flow data to simulate the seasonal water cycle of the reservoir. The simulation of the mass transport and transformation processes of CODMn, TN and TP was based on the unsteady diffusion equations, driven by observed meteorological forcing and external loadings, with the fluxes form the bottom of reservoir and the plant photosynthesis and respiration as internal sources and sinks. A finite volume method and Alternating Direction Imp{2.cit （ADI） scheme were used to solve these equations. The model was ca{2.brated and verified by using the data observed from YQR in two different years. The results showed that in YQR, the wind-driven current was an important style of lake current, while the concentration of water qua{2.ty item was decreasing from east to west because of the external pollutant loadings. There was a good agreement between the simulated and measured values, with the minimal calculation error percent of 0.1% and 2.6% and the mean error percent of 44.0% and 51.2. for TN and TP separately. The simulation also showed that, in YQR, the convection was the main process in estuaries of inflow river, and diffusion and biochemical processes dominate in center of reservoir. So it was necessary to build a pre-pond to reduce the external loadings into the reservoir.

关键词： model simulation yuqiao Reservoir (YQR) wind driven current water quality

Insight into the microbial community of denitrification process using different solid carbon sources: Not only bacteria

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第10期144卷 87-99页

作者： Congyu li yu ling Yanjie Zhang Haiyan Wang Huan Wang Guokai Yan Weiyang Dong yang Chang liang Duan state key {2. of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China College of water Sciences Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Research Center of Environmental Pollution Control Technology Chinese Research Academy of Environmental ScienceBeijing 100012China state Environmental Protection key {2. of Estuarine and Coastal Environment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China

There is a lack of understanding about the bacterial,fungal and archaeal communities’composition of solid-phase denitrification(SPD)*** investigated four SPD systems with different carbon sources by analyzing microbial gene sequences based on operational taxonomic unit(OTU)and amplicon sequence variant(ASV).The results showed that the corncob-polyvinyl alcohol sodium alginate-polycaprolactone(CPSP,0.86±0.04 mg NO_(3)^(−)-N/(g·day))and corncob(0.85±0.06 mg NO_(3)^(−)-N/(g·day))had better denitrification efficiency than polycaprolactone(PCL,0.2.±0.11 mg NO_(3)^(−)-N/(g·day))and polyvinyl alcoholsodium alginate(PVA-SA,0.2.±0.07 mg NO_(3)^(−)-N/(g·day)).The bacterial,fungal and archaeal microbial composition was significantly different among carbon source types such as Proteobacteria in PCL(OTU:83.72.,ASV:82.49%)and Rozellomycota in PVA-SA(OTU:71.99%,ASV:81.30%).ASV methods can read more microbial units than that of OTU and exhibit higher alpha diversity and classify some species that had not been identified by OTU such as Nanoarchaeota phylum,unclassified_f_Xanthobacteraceae genus,etc.,indicating ASV may be more conducive to understand SPD microbial *** co-occurring network showed some correlation between the bacteria fungi and archaea species,indicating different species may collaborate in SPD *** KEGG function prediction results were obtained in two bioinformatic methods generally and some fungi and archaea functions should not be ignored in SPD *** results may be beneficial for understanding microbial communities in SPD systems.

关键词： Solid-phase denitrification Solid carbon source Microbial community ASV analysis OTU analysis

Eco-environmental water requirement for wetlands in Huang-Huai-Hai Area, china

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2002年第11期 43-50页

作者： GUI Baoshan and yang zhifeng(1. Institute of Environmental Sciences, {2. state key Joint laboratory of Environmental simulation and Pollution Control, beijing 100875, china.2. Institute of water Sciences, {2. key laboratory for water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, beijing 100875, china. Institute of Environmental Sciences，beijing normal university state key Joint {2. of Environmental simulation and Pollution Control，beijing 100875，china Institute of Environmental Sciences，beijing normal university state key Joint {2. of Environmental simulation and Pollution Control，beijing 100875，china Institute of water Sciences Beijing Normal University key laboratory for {2. and Sediment

Based on the related literature and the analysis of the relationship between wetland ecosystem and hydroperiod, the estimating and classifying methods of eco-environmental water requirement for wetlands are established. The data collected from Huang-Huai-Hai Area are from the electronic map (1:2.0000) of china.National Topographical Database of 1997 and the historical statistics since the 1980s. The results indicate that the minimum eco-environmental water requirement for wetlands is 16.98 × 10 m and the optimal one is 38.38 × 109 m3 in the studied area. For the five wetland nature reserves covered in the area, the values are 1. 47 × 109 m3 and 3. 31 × 109 m3 respectively. The comparisons of the mentioned minimum water requirement with the status water use, which is 17.05 × 109 m3 for wetland ecosystem (1997 as the status year), suggest that the water use has not met the minimum eco-environmental water requirement in the Haihe and Huanghe Basins of the studied area. However, the status water use gu

关键词： eco-environmental water requirement wetlands Huang-Huai-Hai Area.

Applicability and improvement of different potential evapotranspiration models in different climate zones of china

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 262-282页

作者： Zedong li Yiran li Xinxiao {2. Guodong Jia Peng Chen Pengfei Zheng {2.song Wang Bingbing Ding key laboratory of Soil & {2. Conservation and Desertification Combating of Ministry of Education Beijing Forestry University College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences Tarim University state key {2. of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal University

Background Accurate estimation of potential evapotranspiration(PET) is the key for studying land-air interaction hydrological processes. Several models are used to estimate the PET based on standardized meteorological data. Although combination-based models have the highest level performance estimation of PET, they require more meteorological data and may therefore be difficult to apply in areas lacking meteorological observation *** The results showed significant differences in the spatial trends of PET calculated by different models in china. the Doorenbots–Pruitts model revealed the highest PET(1902.6 mm), and the Kuzmin model revealed the lowest PET(349.6 mm), with the largest difference being 5.5 times. The Romanenko and the Rohwer models were the recommended temperature-based and aerodynamic-based models. On the other hand, the Abtew model was more suitable for arid and semi-arid regions, while the Priestley–Taylor model was more suitable for humid regions. Combination-based models revealed ideal calculation accuracies, among which the Penman–Monteith model was the best option for PET *** The accuracy range of Romanenko, Rohwer, Abten, Priestley Taylor, and Penman Monteith models improved in MPZ and TCZ is higher than that improved in TMZ and SMZ. This does not mean that the improved models have higher accuracy in MPZ and TCZ than in TMZ and SMZ. On the contrary, the original model performed poorly in MPZ and TCZ, so the improved accuracy was relatively large. The unimproved model was already more suitable in TMZ and SMZ, so the improved accuracy was relatively small. Therefore, regional ca{2.bration of the PET models can improve the accuracy and app{2.cabi{2.ty of PET calculation, providing a reference for studying hydrological processes in different c{2.matic zones.

关键词： Potential evapotranspiration Climatic zone Temperature-based model Aerodynamic-based model Radiation-based model Combination-based model Model calibration