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Microbiome and intestinal pathophysiology in post-acute sequelae of COVID-19

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 220-231页

作者： Jilei Zhang Yongguo Zhang yinglin xia.jun sun Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineUniversity of Ilinois ChicagoIL60612USA Uic Cancer Center Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Ilinois ChicagoChicagoIL60612USA Jesse Brown VA Medical Center ChicagoIL60612USA

Long CoVID,also known for post-acute sequelae of CovID-19,describes the people who have the signs and symptoms that continue or develop after the acute coviD-19 *** CovID patients suffer from an inflammation or host responses towards the virus approx-imately 4 weeks after initial infection with the SARS CoV-2 virus and continue for an unchar-acterized *** infected with CovID-19 before could experience long-CcovID conditions,including the patients who were infected with SARS CoV-2 virus confirmed by tests and those who never knew they had an infection *** with long CoviD may experience health problems from different types and combinations of symptoms over time,such as fa-tigue,dyspnea,cognitive impairments,and gastrointestinal(Gl)symptoms(e.g.,nausea,vom-iting,diarrhea,decreased or loss of appetite,abdominal pain,and dysgeusia).The critical role of the microbiome in these Gl symptoms and long CovID were reported in clinical patients and experimental ***,we provide an overall view of the critical role of the Gl tract and microbiome in the development of long COVID,including the clinical Gl symptoms in patients,dysbiosis,viral-microbiome interactions,barrier function,and inflammatory bowel disease patients with long *** highlight the potential mechanisms and possible treatment based on Gl health and ***,we discuss challenges and future direction in the long CoVID clinic and research.

关键词： Gastrointestinal symptoms Gl tract Gut microbiome Inflammatorybowel diseases Intestinal barrier Long CoVID Metabolites Tight junctions

肠上皮细胞Axin1缺失可调节肠道微生态预防结肠炎

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Engineering 2024年第4期35卷 241-256页

作者： Shari Garrett Yongguo Zhang yinglin xia.jun sun Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineUniversity of Illinois ChicagoChicagoIL 60612USA Department of Microbiology and Immunology College of MedicineUniversity of Illinois ChicagoChicagoIL 60612USA Cancer Center University of Illinois ChicagoChicagoIL 60612USA Jesse Brown VA Medical Center ChicagoIL 60612USA

Intestinal homeostasis is maintained by specialized host cells and the gut ***/β-catenin signaling is essential for gastrointestinal development and homeostasis,and its dysregulation has been implicated in inflammation and colorectal ***1 negatively regulates activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling,but little is known regarding its role in regulating host–microbial interactions in health and ***,we aim to demonstrate that intestinal Axin1 determines gut homeostasis and host response to ***1 expression was analyzed in human inflammatory bowel disease *** explore the effects and mechanism of intestinal Axin1 in regulating intestinal homeostasis and colitis,we generated new mouse models with Axin1 conditional knockout in intestinal epithelial cell(IEC;Axin1^(ΔIEC))and Paneth cell(PC;Axin1^(ΔPC))to compare with control(Axin1^(LoxP);LoxP:locus of X-over,P1)*** found increased Axin1 expression in the colonic epithelium of human inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Axin1^(ΔIEC) mice exhibited altered goblet cell spatial distribution,PC morphology,reduced lysozyme expression,and enriched Akkermansia muciniphila(***).The absence of intestinal epithelial and PC Axin1 decreased susceptibility to dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis in ***1^(ΔIEC) and Axin1^(ΔPC)mice became more susceptible to DSS-colitis after cohousing with control *** with *** reduced DSS-colitis *** treatment did not change the IEC proliferation in the Axin1Loxp ***,the intestinal proliferative cells in Axin1^(ΔIEC)mice with antibiotic treatment were reduced compared with those in Axin1^(ΔIEC) mice without *** data suggest non-colitogenic effects driven by the gut *** conclusion,we found that the loss of intestinal Axin1 protects against colitis,likely driven by epithelial Axin1 and Axin1-associated *** study demonstrates a novel role of Axin1 in mediating intes

关键词： Axin1 Bacteria Microbiome inflammation Inflammatory bowel disease Immunity Microbiome Paneth cells Akkermansia muciniphila Wnt

Illuminating spin-crossover octanuclear metal-organic cages

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第4期67卷 1208-1215页

作者： Zhi-Kun Liu Alyona A.Starikova Yu-xia Li Ke sun Meng Yu Zi-Shuo Yao jun Tao Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLiangxiang CampusBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 102488China Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry Southern Federal UniversityRostov-on-Don 344090Russia

Spin-crossover(SCO)materials that reversibly switch between high-and low-spin states have potential for the storage of spin state-relative information,and have gained much attention incorporating secondary physical properties,such as fluorescence and magneto-optical *** this study,we synthesized three octanuclear metal-organic cages(MOCs)using tetraphenylethylene-based luminophores,aldehydes,and Fe^(Ⅱ)salts,by subcomponent self-assembly approach,namely[Fe1]-[Fe3].By controlling the ligand-field strength and guest encapsulation,we finely tuned their SCO *** them,MOC[Fe2]displayed nearly complete SCO behavior in the solid state,which is rare for high-nuclearity *** also demonstrated the coupling of SCO with fluorescence emission in these MOCs by using isostructural Zn^(Ⅱ)complexes([Zn1]-[Zn3])as control experiments,for the first *** calculations revealed the energy-transfer mechanism between fluorophores and SCOactive centers,which emphasizes the significant contribution of d-d transitions in the interplay between the occurrence of SCO and fluorescence emission.

关键词： metal-organic cages spin crossover fluorescence switching materials DFT calculation

Passivity-Based Stabilization for Switched Stochastic Nonlinear Systems

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第5期11卷 1307-1309页

作者： Yaowei sun jun Zhao School of Automation Zhengzhou University of AeronauticsZhengzhou 450046 Henan Key Laboratory of General Aviation Technology Zhengzhou University of AeronauticsZhengzhou 450046China College of Information Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

Dear Editor,This letter addresses the passivity-based mean square exponential stabilization problem for switched stochastic nonlinear systems.A concept of generalized small-time norm-observability is presented and an appropriate test condition is also *** pre-given passivity rate and average dwell time,a set of feedback controllers is designed by use of the passivity property.

关键词： property letter stabilization

Metabolites and micronutrition in modulating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1183-1184页

作者： Katerina Claud jun sun Department of Medicine University of Illinois ChicagoChicagoILUSA Jesse Brown VA Medical Center Chicago ChicagoILUSA

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is a progressive neurodegenerative *** majority of ALS cases are sporadic with only about 20%of familial *** in families with genetic predisposition,there is significant phenotypic va... 详细信息

关键词： sclerosis amyotrophic cases

Boosting ammonia production in electrocatalytic NO_(x)reduction on a robust Fe/FeMoO_(4)catalyst

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 5801-5806页

作者： Dong-Xue Liu Xin Deng Yong-Fu Zhu Zhe Meng Xue-Feng sun Miao-Miao Shi Hai-xia Zhong jun-Min Yan Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials Ministry of EducationSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun 130022China State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China

Electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate(NO_(3)^(−))and nitride(NO_(2)^(−))to ammonia(NH3)is of wide interest as a promising alternative to the energy-intensive Haber-Bosch route for mitigating the vast energy consumption and the accompanied carbon dioxide emission,as well as benefiting for the relevant sewage ***,exploring an efficient and low-cost catalyst with high atomic utilization that can effectively facilitate the slow multi-electron transfer process remains a grand ***,we present an efficient hydrogenation of NO_(3)^(−)/NO_(2)^(−)species to NH3 in both alkaline and neutral environments over the Fe_(2)(MoO_(4))_(3)derived hybrid electrocatalyst with the metallic Fe site on FeMoO_(4)(Fe/FeMoO_(4)).The Mo ingredient can play a synergistically positive role in further promoting the NH_(3) production on *** a result,Fe/FeMoO_(4)behaves well in the electrochemical NH_(3) generation from NO_(2)^(−)with a maximum NH_(3) Faradaic efficiency(FE)of 96.53%and 87.68%in alkaline and neutral electrolyte,corresponding to the NH_(3) yield rate of 640.68 and 302.56 mg·h^(−1)·mg_(cat.)^(−1),respectively,which outperforms the Fe and Mo counterpart and other similar catalyst,showing the robust catalytic capacity of each active site.

关键词： ammonia synthesis NO_(x)reduction synergistic effect alkaline/neutral electrolyte

Recent advances of high-entropy electrocatalysts for water electrolysis by electrodeposition technology:a short review

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Rare Metals 2024年第6期43卷 2371-2390页

作者： Han-Ming Zhang Shao-Fei Zhang Li-Hao Zuo Jia-Kang Li jun-xia Guo Peng Wang Jin-Feng sun Lei Dai Hebei Key Laboratory of Flexible Functional Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringHebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang 050018China Department of Chemistry National University of SingaporeSingapore117543Singapore

Hydrogen is considered as the promising energy carrier to substitute traditional fossil fuel,due to its cleanliness,renewability and high energy *** electrolysis is a simple and eonvenient technology for hydrogen *** efficiency of water electrolysis for hydrogen production is limited by the electrocatalytic performances on hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER).The exorbitant Pt-and Ir-/Ru-based electrocatalysts as optimal HER and OER electrocatalysts,respectively,restrict water electrolysis ***,non-precious metal-based high-entropy electrocatalysts have exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activities and long-term stabilities for water electrolysis,as promising precious cataly st ***,the construction of the high-entropy electroc atalysts is vital to water electrolysis *** technology is an efficient method for the preparation of high-entropy electrocatalysts due to its simple,fast,energy-saving and environmental-friendly ***-component co-precipitation facilely occurs during the electroredox in electrodeposition ***-entropy alloys,oxides,(oxy)hydroxides,phosphides and phosphorus sulfide oxides have been successfully prepared by galvanostatic,potentiostatic electrodeposition,cyclic voltammetry,pulse,nanodroplet-mediated and cathodic plasma electrodeposition ***,introduction of the development of high-entropy electrocatalysts synthesized by electrodeposition technology is significant to researchers and *** and outlooks are also concluded to boost the industrial application of electrodeposition in water electrolysis and other energy conversion areas.

关键词： High-entropy electrocatalysts Electrodeposition technology Water electrolysis Multi-component co-precipitation Excellent electrocatalytic performances

Diminishing the Perception Bias in the Working Environment Using a Network Generation-Based Framework

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第3期29卷 671-683页

作者： jun Qian Tongda Zhang xiao sun Yueting Chai Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055Chinaand with Systems Optimization LaboratoryStanford UniversityPalo AltoCA 94305USA

Income inequality is widespread in human society and has important implications for human ***’s perception of the environment bridges income inequality and individual behavioral *** research suggests that social income inequality is usually biased,either overestimated or ***,such phenomena have not been fully explored with quantitive prove,especially in the working environment based on performance data of actual *** fact,the correct perception of people is the basis of a fair environment for their production ***,the perception bias may weaken the adaptability and competitiveness of a company in the *** paper first confirms the prevalence of individual perception bias of income inequality within the working environment based on actual production *** results show that people tend to underestimate income inequity around them,and this underestimation grows with the real unfairness of the working ***,this paper proposes a network generation-based framework with a three-layer structure to correct perception bias using a cooperative network reengineering *** the framework,a homophily-based generative network model is proposed as the key *** simulation results show that our proposed framework effectively reduces individuals’perception bias of income inequality.

关键词： income inequality perception bias Gini coefficient factory production cooperative networkreengineering homophily-based generative network model

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第2期13卷 333-346页

作者： Yifan sun Qian Li Ling-jun Kong xiangdong Zhang Key Laboratory of advanced optoelectronic quantum architecture and measurements of Ministry of Education Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics&Ultrafine Optoelectronic SystemsSchool of PhysicsBeijing Institute of Technology100081BeijingChina

Compared with electrical neural networks,optical neural networks(ONNs)have the potentials to break the limit of the bandwidth and reduce the consumption of energy,and therefore draw much attention in recent *** far,several types of ONNs have been ***,the current ONNs cannot realize the acceleration as powerful as that indicated by the models like quantum neural *** to construct and realize an ONN with the quantum speedup is a huge ***,we propose theoretically and demonstrate experimentally a new type of optical convolutional neural network by introducing the optical *** is called the correlated optical convolutional neural network(COCNN).We show that the COCNN can exhibit“quantum speedup”in the training *** character is verified from the two *** is the direct illustration of the faster convergence by comparing the loss function curves of the COCNN with that of the traditional convolutional neural network(CNN).Such a result is compatible with the training performance of the recently proposed quantum convolutional neural network(QCNN).The other is the demonstration of the COCNN’s capability to perform the QCNN phase recognition circuit,validating the connection between the COCNN and the ***,we take the COCNN analog to the 3-qubit QCNN phase recognition circuit as an example and perform an experiment to show the soundness and the feasibility of *** results perfectly match the theoretical *** proposal opens up a new avenue for realizing the ONNs with the quantum speedup,which will benefit the information processing in the era of big data.

关键词： process quantum convolution