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Classification of Sailboat Tell Tail Based on Deep Learning

Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第3期23卷 710-720页

作者： CHang Xiaofeng YU Jintao GAO ying DING Hongchen LIU Yulong YU Huaming Department of Physical Education Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China College of Big Data Qingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266061China College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China

The tell tail is usually placed on the triangular sail to display the running state of the air flow on the sail *** is of great significance to make accurate judgement on the drift of the tell tail of the sailboat during sailing for the best sailing *** it is difficult for sailors to keep an eye for a long time on the tell sail for accurate judging its changes,affected by strong sunlight and visual *** this case,we adopt computer vision technology in hope of helping the sailors judge the changes of the tell tail in ease with *** paper proposes for the first time a method to classify sailboat tell tails based on deep learning and an expert guidance system,supported by a sailboat tell tail classification data set on the expert guidance system of interpreting the tell tails states in different sea wind conditions,including the feature extraction *** the expression capabilities that vary with the computational features in different visual tasks,the paper focuses on five tell tail computing features,which are recoded by an automatic encoder and classified by a SVM *** experimental samples were randomly divided into five groups,and four groups were selected from each group as the training set to train the *** remaining one group was used as the test set for *** highest resolution value of the ResNet network was 80.26%.To achieve better operational results on the basis of deep computing features obtained through the ResNet network in the *** method can be used to assist the sailors in making better judgement about the tell tail changes during sailing.

关键词： tell tail sailboat classification deep learning

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A Review on Engineering Design for Enhancing Interfacial Contact in Solid-State Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第4期16卷 219-252页

作者： Bingxin Qi Xinyue Hong ying Jiang Jing Shi Mingrui z.ang Wen Yan Chao Lai School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou 221116JiangsuPeople’s Republic of China

The utilization of solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)presents a promising solution to the issues of safety concern and shuttle effect in Li–S batteries,which has garnered significant interest ***,the high interfacial impedances existing between the SSEs and the electrodes(both lithium anodes and sulfur cathodes)hinder the charge transfer and intensify the uneven deposition of lithium,which ultimately result in insufficient capacity utilization and poor cycling ***,the reduction of interfacial resistance between SSEs and electrodes is of paramount importance in the pursuit of efficacious solid-state *** this review,we focus on the experimental strategies employed to enhance the interfacial contact between SSEs and electrodes,and summarize recent progresses of their applications in solidstate Li–S ***,the challenges and perspectives of rational interfacial design in practical solid-state Li–S batteries are outlined as *** expect that this review will provide new insights into the further technique development and practical applications of solid-state lithium batteries.

关键词： Solid-state lithium–sulfur batteries Solid-state electrolytes Electrode/electrolyte interface Interfacial engineering Enhancing interfacial contact

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NiS ultrafine nanorod with translational and rotational symmetry

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National Science Review 2024年第7期11卷 218-225页

作者： Jianxin Kang Qi Hu Ruixuan z.ang ang Gao zhongning Huang ziming Su Ke Pei Qinghua z.ang Li-Min Liu Renchao Che Lin Gu Er-Jia Guo Lin Guo School of Chemistry Beihang University Laboratory of Advanced Materials Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Academy for Engineering&Technology Fudan University zhejiang Laboratory Beijing National Center for Electron Microscopy and Laboratory of Advanced Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physics Beihang University

Anisotropy is a significant and prevalent characteristic of materials, conferring orientation-dependent properties, meaning that the creation of original symmetry enables key functionality that is not found in nature. Even with the advancements in atomic machining, synthesis of separated symmetry in different directions within a single structure remains an extraordinary challenge. Here, we successfully fabricate NiS ultrafine nanorods with separated symmetry along two directions. The atomic structure of the nanorod exhibits rotational symmetry in the radial direction, while its axial direction is characterized by divergent translational symmetry, surpassing the conventional crystalline structures known to date. It does not fit the traditional description of the space group and the point group in three dimensions, so we define it as a new structure in which translational symmetry and rotational symmetry are separated. Further corroborating the atomic symmetric separation in the electronic structure, we observed the combination of stripe and vortex magnetic domains in a single nanorod with different directions, in accordance with the atomic *** manipulation of nanostructure at the atomic level introduces a novel approach to regulate new properties finely, leading to the proposal of new nanotechnology mechanisms.

关键词： separated symmetry NiS anisotropy structure atomic machining magnetic domain

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Skeletal stem cells in bone development,homeostasis,and disease

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Protein & Cell 2024年第8期15卷 559-574页

作者： Guixin Yuan Xixi Lin ying Liu Matthew B.Greenblatt Ren Xu The First Affliated Hospital of Xiamen University-ICMRS Collaborating Center for Skeletal Stem Cell State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress BiologySchool of MedicineFaculty of Medicine and Life SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regeneration Medicine Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue RegenerationOrgan Transplantation InstituteSchool of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Weill Cormell Medical CollegeNew YorkNY 10065USA Research Division Hospital for Special SurgeryNew YorkNY10065USA

Tissue-resident stem cells are essential for development and repair,and in the skeleton,this function is fulfilled by recently identified skeletal stem cells(SSCs).However,recent work has identified that SSCs are not monolithic,with long bones,craniofacial sites,and the spine being formed by distinct stem *** studies have utilized techniques such as fluorescence-activated cell sorting,lineage tracing,and single-cell sequencing to investigate the involvement of ssCs in bone development,homeostasis,and *** investigations have allowed researchers to map the lineage commitment trajectory of ssCs in different parts of the body and at different time ***,recent studies have shed light on the characteristics of ssCs in both physiological and pathological *** review focuses on discussing the spatiotemporal distribution of ssCs and enhancing our understanding of the diversity and plasticity of ssCs by summarizing recent discoveries.

关键词： skeletal stem cells bone development endochondral ossification intramembranous ossification lineage tracing

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Recent advances in heterogeneous catalysis of solar-driven carbon dioxide conversion

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期140卷 165-182页

作者： Jun Xu Farzaneh Arabpour Roghabadi ying Luo Vahid Ahmadi Qian Wang zheng Wang Hong He State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuoHenan 454000China Department of Process Engineering Faculty of Chemical EngineeringTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran Optoelectronics and Nanophotonics Research Group Faculty of Electrical and Computer EngineeringTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya UniversityFuro-choChikusa-kuNagoya 464-8603Japan

Solar-driven carbon dioxide(CO_(2))conversion including photocatalytic(PC),photoelectrochemical(PEC),photovoltaic plus electrochemical(PV/EC)systems,offers a renewable and scalable way to produce fuels and high-value chemicals for environment and energy *** review summarizes the basic fundament and the recent advances in the field of solar-driven CO_(2)*** the visible-light absorption is an important strategy to improve solar energy conversion *** separation and migration of photogenerated charges carriers to surface sites and the surface catalytic processes also determine the photocatalytic *** engineering including co-catalyst loading,defect engineering,morphology control,surface modification,surface phase junction,and z-scheme photocatalytic system construction,have become fundamental strategies to obtain high-efficiency *** to photocatalysis,these strategies have been applied to improve the conversion efficiency and Faradaic efficiency of typical PEC *** PV/EC systems,the electrode surface structure and morphology,electrolyte effects,and mass transport conditions affect the activity and selectivity of electrochemical CO_(2)***,the challenges and prospects are addressed for the development of solar-driven CO_(2)conversion system with high energy conversion efficiency,high product selectivity and stability.

关键词： Solar-driven CO_(2)reduction Photocatalytic system Photoelectrochemical system Photovoltaic plus electrochemical system Surface/interface engineering

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Effects of thinning and understory removal on water use efficiency of Pinus massoniana:evidence from photosynthetic capacity and stable carbon isotope analyses

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第2期35卷 42-53页

作者： Ting Wang Qing Xu Beibei z.ang Deqiang Gao ying z.ang Jing Jiang Haijun zuo Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration Ecology and Nature Conservation InstituteChinese Academy of ForestryBeijing 100091People’s Republic of China College of Agronomy and Agricultural Engineering Liaocheng UniversityLiaocheng 252000People’s Republic of China Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences Faculty of ForestryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V6T 1Z4Canada

Understanding the relationship between forest management and water use efficiency(WUE)is important for evaluating forest adaptability to climate ***,the effects of thinning and understory removal on WUE and its key controlling processes are not well understood,which limits our comprehension of the physiological mechanisms of various management *** this study,four forest management measures(no thinning:NT;understory removal:UR;light thinning:LT;and heavy thinning:HT)were carried out in Pinus massoniana plantations in a subtropical region of *** capacity and needle stable carbon isotope composition(δ^(13)C)were measured to assess instantaneous water use efficiency(WUE_(inst))and long-term water use efficiency(WUE_(i)).Multiple regression models and structural equation modelling(SEM)identified the effects of soil properties and physiological performances on WUE_(inst)and WUE_(i).The results show that WUE_(inst)values among the four treatments were ***,compared with the NT stand(35.8μmol·mol^(-1)),WUE_(i)values significantly increased to 41.7μmol·mol^(-1)in the UR,50.1μmol·mol^(-1)in the LT and 46.6μmol·mol^(-1)in HT treatments,largely explained by photosynthetic capacity and soil water *** removal did not change physiological performance(needle water potential and photosynthetic capacity).Thinning increased the net photosynthetic rate(A_n)but not stomatal conductance(g_s)or predawn needle water potential(ψ_(pd)),implying that the improvement in water use efficiency for thinned stands was largely driven by radiation interception than by soil water *** general,thinning may be an appropriate management measure to promote *** WUE to cope with seasonal droughts under future extreme climates.

关键词： Stable carbon isotope Water use efficiency Thinning Understory removal Photosynthetic capacity Needle water potential

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A dual-function selection system enables positive selection of multigene CRISPR mutants and negative selection of Cas9-free progeny in Arabidopsis

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aBIOTECH 2024年第2期5卷 140-150页

作者： Feng-zhu Wang ying Bao zhenxiang Li Xiangyu Xiong Jian-Feng Li State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant ResourcesSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China

The CRISPR/Cas9 technology revolutionizes targeted gene knockout in diverse organisms including ***,screening edited alleles,particularly those with multiplex editing,from herbicide-or antibiotic-resistant transgenic plants and segregating out the Cas9 transgene represent two laborious *** solutions to facilitate these processes rely on different selection ***,by taking advantage of the opposite functions of a D-amino acid oxidase(DAO)in detoxifying D-serine and in metabolizing non-toxic D-valine to a cytotoxic product,we develop a DAO-based selection system that simultaneously enables the enrichment of multigene edited alleles and elimination of Cas9-containing progeny in Arabidopsis *** five DAOs tested in Escherichia coli,the one encoded by Trigonopsis variabilis(TvDAO)could confer slightly stronger D-serine resistance than other *** expression of TvDAO in Arabidopsis allowed a clear distinction between transgenic and nontransgenic plants in both D-serine-conditioned positive selection and D-valine-conditioned negative *** a proof of concept,we combined CRISPR-induced single-strand annealing repair of a dead TvDAO with D-serine-based positive selection to help identify transgenic plants with multiplex editing,where D-serine-resistant plants exhibited considerably higher co-editing frequencies at three endogenous target genes than those selected by ***,D-valine-based negative selection successfully removed Cas9 and TvDAO transgenes from the survival offspring carrying inherited ***,this work provides a novel strategy to ease CRISPR mutant identification and Cas9 transgene elimination using a single selection marker,which promises more efficient and simplified multiplex CRISPR editing in plants.

关键词： CRISPR Genome editing D-amino acid oxidase Cas9-free Selection marker

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Investigation of Power Density Amplification in Stacked Triboelectric Nanogenerators

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第5期7卷 372-379页

作者： Fan Shen Qin z.ang Hengyu Guo Chen Cao ying Gong Junlei Wang Yan Peng zhongjie Li School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation Shanghai University Department of Applied Physics Chongqing University Institute of Artificial Intelligence School of Future Technology Shanghai University School of Mechanical and Power Engineering Zhengzhou University Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory

In engineering practice, the output performance of contact separation TENGs(CS-TENGs) increases with the increase of tribo-pair area, which includes increasing the size of single layer CS-TENGs (SCS-TENGs) or the number of units (zigzag TENGs). However, such two strategies show significant differences in output power and power density. In this study, to seek a universal CS-TENG design solution, the output performance of a SCS-TENG and a zigzag TENG (z-TENG) is systematically compared, including voltage,current, transferred charge, instantaneous power density, and charging power density. The relationship between contact area and output voltages is explored, and the output voltage equation is fitted. The experimental results reveal that SCS-TENGs yield better performance than z-TENGs in terms of voltage, power, and power density under the same total contact area.

关键词： contact separation power density triboelectric nanogenerators zigzag

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Exploring the Mechanism,Advancements,and Application of Thermogalvanic Effect in Hydrogels

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第5期42卷 543-556页

作者： Xiaoyu Yang Peng Wang Xiaolong Wu Yongli Liao Senyun Liu Wei Duan ying Yue School of Energy Power and Mechanical EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBaodingHebei071000 China Hebei Key Laboratory of Electric Machinery Health Maintenance & Failure Prevention North China Electric Power UniversityBaodingHebei071003 China Electric Power Research Institute China South Power GridGuangzhouGuangdong510000 China Key Laboratory of Icing and Anti/De-icing China Aerodynamics Research and Development CenterMianyangSichuan621000 China

The issue of energy consumption has garnered significant interest due to its excessive ***,thermoelectric devices have been getting increased attention,as they can harness waste heat from various sources,such as solar radiation,human body,and industrial ***,the recovery of low-grade heat has been a challenge,resulting in unsustainable energy use and significant *** considerable advances have been made in thermoelectric materials in recent decades,the majority of these devices still primarily employ ***,the emergence of quasi-solid-state thermoelectric materials represents a novel development with profound promise for the environment and *** materials offer several advantages,such as improved energy conversion capacities,cost-effectiveness,versatility,and scalability,to support increased ***,this review explores the application of thermoelectric materials in self-powered sensors,integrated modules,and heat harvesting ***,the potential of high-performance thermocouples based on thermogalvanic effects is assessed,along with the challenges that must be overcome to realize this goal.

关键词： Hydrogel Thermogalvanic effect Thermochemistry Electrolytes Flexible electronics

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Possibilities for the synthesis of superheavy element z=121 in fusion reactions

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第6期35卷 90-100页

作者： Ming-Hao z.ang Yu-Hai z.ang ying zou Xiu-Xiu Yang Gen z.ang Feng-Shou z.ang The Key Laboratory of Beam Technology of Ministry of Education College of Nuclear Science and TechnologyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Institute of Radiation Technology Beijing Academy of Science and TechnologyBeijing 100875China School of Physical Science and Technology Guangxi UniversityNanning 530004China National Laboratory of Heavy Ion Accelerator of Lanzhou Center of Theoretical Nuclear PhysicsLanzhou 730000China

Based on the dinuclear system model,the calculated evaporation residue cross sections matched well with the current experimental *** synthesis of superheavy elements z=121 was systematically studied through combinations of stable projectiles with z=21-30 and targets with half-lives exceeding 50 *** influence of mass asymmetry and isotopic dependence on the projectile and target nuclei was investigated in *** reactions^(254)Es(^(46)Ti,3n)^(297)121 and^(252)Es(^(46)Ti,3n)^(295)121 were found to be experimentally feasible for synthesizing superheavy element z=121,with maximal evaporation residue cross sections of 6.619 and 4.123 fb at 219.9 and 223.9 MeV,respectively.

关键词： Superheavy nuclei Dinuclear system model Fusion reaction Evaporation residue cross section

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