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Aequorin-Based Luminescence Imaging Reveals Stimulus-and Tissue-Specific Ca^2＋ Dynamics in Arabidonsis Plants

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Molecular Plant 2013年第2期6卷 444-455页

作者： Xiaohong zh ying Feng Gaimei Liang Na Liu Jian-Kang zhua Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes of Biological Sciences ChineseAcademy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China

Calcium ion is a versatile second messenger for diverse cell signaling in response to developmental and environmental cues. The specificity of Ca^2＋-mediated signaling is defined by stimulus-elicited Ca^2＋ signature and down-stream decoding processes. Here, an Aequorin-based luminescence recording system was developed for monitoring Ca^2＋ in response to various stimuli in Arabidopsis. With the simple, highly sensitive, and robust Ca^2＋ recording, this system revealed stimulus-and tissue-specific Ca^2＋ signatures in seedlings. Cellular Ca^2＋ dynamics and relationship to Aequorin-based Ca^2＋ recording were explored using a GFP-based Ca^2＋ indicator, which suggested that a synchronous cellular Ca^2＋ signal is responsible for cold-induced Ca^2＋ response in seedlings, whereas asynchronous Ca^2＋ oscillation contributes to osmotic stress-induced Ca^2＋ increase in seedlings. The optimized recording system would be a powerful tool for the iden-tification and characterization of novel components in Ca^2＋ -mediated stress-signaling pathways,

关键词： Aequorin Case12 abiotic stress calcium Arabidopsis.

Markov branching processes with killing and resurrection

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Science China Mathematics 2016年第3期59卷 573-588页

作者： CHEN An Yue LU ying ng Kai Wang zh.ng Han Jun Department of Financial Mathematics and Financial Engineering South University of Science and Technology of China Department of Mathematical Sciences University of Liverpool Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science University of Hong Kong School of Mathematics and Computational Science Xiangtan University

In this paper, we consider Markov branching processes with killing and resurrection. We first show that the Markov branching process with killing and stable resurrection is just the Feller minimum process which is honest and thus unique. We then further show that this honest Feller minimum process is not only positive recurrent but also strongly ergodic. The generating function of the important stationary distribution is explicitly expressed. For the interest of comparison and completeness, the results of the Markov branching processes with killing and instantaneous resurrection are also briefly stated. A new result regarding strong ergodicity of this difficult case is presented. The birth and death process with killing and resurrection together with another example is also analyzed.

关键词： Markov branching processes killing stable and instantaneous resurrections uniqueness existence limiting and stationary distributions ergodicity strong ergodicity

Can a Government Initiate Enterprise Reform to Improve Efficiency？ A Cross-Section Analysis of the Chinese Pharmaceutical Industry

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Frontiers of Economics in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2017年第4期12卷 607-634页

作者： ying Chu ng Suthathip Yaisawarng Department of Economics Hong Kong Baptist University Hong Kong~ China Department of Economics Union College Schenectady NY 12308-2311 USA

This paper examines the privatization, implemented by the effects of state-owned enterprises （SOE） Chinese government in the 1990s, on enterprise efficiency for a sample of non-privatized SOEs and privatized ex-SOEs. The study calculates input-oriented DEA meta-frontier efficiency scores, after accounting for heterogeneity in technology across groups. These scores are used to test whether or not one group＇s technology dominates the other. A measure of additional input saving is also provided if these enterprises have access to unrestricted rneta-technology. The analysis of the Chinese pharmaceutical industry reveals that privatization has not improved enterprise efficiency, at least in the short run. Almost 56% of inputs could be proportionally saved if these privatized ex-SOEs had been efficient, relative to the recta-production technology while non-privatized SOEs could proportionally save only 51%. Privatized ex-SOEs had less ability to access to meta-technology. This finding could be explained by subsequent observations that China, at the time of our analysis, did not have well-established intellectual property rights and formal drug approval procedures; these two factors are important driving forces for developing joint ventures with foreign investors to gain additional capital funding and technology transfer. Broadly speaking, our results are consistent with the subsequent shakeup in the Chinese pharmaceutical industry.

关键词： privatization DEA managerial efficiency heterogeneous technology Chinese pharmaceutical enterprises

Antitumor immunity induced by the photodynamic action of BAM-SiPc,a silicon(IV)phthalocyanine photosensitizer

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2019年第7期16卷 676-678页

作者： ying zh.ng Dennis K.P.ng Wing-Ping Fong School of Life Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Photodynamic therapy(PDT)is a promising approach to treat cancer.1 It involves the use of three individually nontoxic substances to produce a toxic effect.A photosensitizer,when illuminated with light of an appropriate wavelength,will be activated and convert molecular oxygen into reactive oxygen species(ROS),which can then kill tumor *** success of PDT depends on its potency as well as the targeting of the photosensitizer to the tumor site.2 For example,in photoimmunotherapy,the photosensitizer is conjugated to monoclonal antibodies that direct the photosensitizer to tumor cells that express the specific antigen recognized by the antibodies,and the tumor cells are killed upon light irradiation of the tumor site.3 This direct cytotoxicity is useful in treating localized tumor;however,it has limited applicability when metastasis *** this regard,the activation of antitumor immunity appears to be more promising because most cancer patients die,not from localized tumor,but from cancer metastasis and relapse.

关键词： immunity metastasis cancer

Synthesis and hydrodesulfurization of zirconium binary nitrides

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1997年第15期42卷 1274-1278页

作者： zh.ng, YJ zhao, XG zhou, zh Yan, WH ying, PL Xin, Q CHINESE ACAD SCI DALIAN INST CHEM PHYSDALIAN 116023PEOPLES R CHINA

As a new material to be used widely in catalytic field, γ-Mo2N with high specific surface area(usually, SBET>100 m2·g-1 has recently aroused much attention. Its catalytic activities re-semble those of noble metals （Rh, Pd and Pt） in hydrogenation of hydrocarbon. Especially,it has some marvelous characteristics for deep hydrodesulfurization （HDS）, hydrodeni-

关键词： high surface area binary nitrides hydrodesulfurization H2-TPD.

FCC coprocessing oil sands heavy gas oil and canola oil. 3. Some cracking characteristics

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Green Energy & Environment 2019年第1期4卷 83-91页

作者： Siauw H.ng Nicole E.Heshka ying zh.ng Qiang Wei Fuchen Ding Natural Resources Canada CanmetENERGY Department of Chemical Engineering University of New Brunswick State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of Petroleum Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology

Coprocessing of bitumen-derived feeds and biomass through a fluid catalytic cracking(FCC) route has the potential to assist in the reduction of fuel and petroleum product carbon footprints while meeting government regulatory requirements on renewable transportation fuels. This approach is desirable because green house gas(GHG) emissions for producing renewable biofuels are significantly lower than those for fossil fuels, and coprocessing can be executed using existing refining infrastructure to save capital cost. The present study investigates the specific FCC performances of pure heavy gas oil(HGO) derived from oil sands synthetic crude, and a mixture of 15 v% canola oil in HGO using a commercial equilibrium catalyst under typical FCC conditions. Cracking experiments were performed using a bench-scale Advanced Cracking Evaluation(ACE) unit at fixed weight hourly space velocity(WHSV) of 8 h^(-1), 490–530℃, and catalyst/oil ratios of 4–12 g/g. This work focuses on some cracking phenomena resulting from the presence of oxygen in the blendda lower heat requirement for cracking due to the exothermic water formation, which also entails lower hydrogen yield at a given severity. The distribution of feed oxygen in gaseous and liquid products, the mitigation in GHG emissions, and the technological and economical advantages of the coprocessing option are also discussed.

关键词： FCC coprocessing Microactivity test(MAT) unit Four-lump kinetic model Heat of formation of water vapour Carbon footprint reduction

Harnessing Vis-NIR broad spectrum for photocatalytic CO2 reduction over carbon quantum dots-decorated ultrathin Bi2WO6 nanosheets

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Nano Research 2017年第5期10卷 1720-1731页

作者： Xin ying Kong Wen Liang Tan Boon-Junn ng Siang-Piao Chai Abdul Rahman Mohamed Multidisciplinary Platform of Advanced Engineering Chemical Engineering Discipline School of Engineering Monash University Jalan Lagoon Selatan 47S00 Bandar Sunway Selangor Malaysia Low Carbon Economy (LCE) Group School of Chemical Engineering Engineering Campus Universiti Sains Malaysia Seri Ampangan 14300 Nibong Tebal Pulau Pinang Malaysia

The photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to energy-rich hydrocarbon fuels is a promising and sustainable method of addressing global warming and the imminent energy crisis concomitantly. However, a vast majority of the existing photocatalysts are only capable of harnessing ultraviolet （UV） or/and visible light （Vis）, whereas the near-infrared （NIR） region still remains unexplored. In this study, carbon quantum dots （CQDs）-decorated ultrathin BizWO6 nanosheets （UBW） were demonstrated to be an efficient photocatalyst for CO2 photoreduction over the Vis-NIR broad spectrum. It is noteworthy that the synthesis procedure of the CQDs/UBW hybrid nanocomposites was highly facile, involving a one-pot hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide （CTAB）-assisted hydrothermal process. Under visible light irradiation, the optimized 1CQDsAJBW （1 wt.% CQD content） exhibited a remarkable 9.5-fold and 3.1-fold enhancement of CH4 production over pristine Bi2WO6 nanoplatelets （PBW） and bare UBW, respectively. More importantly, the photocatalytic responsiveness of CQDs/UBW was successfully extended to the NIR region, which was achieved without involving any rare earth or noble metals. The realization of NIR-driven CO2 reduction could be attributed to the synergistic effects of （i） the ultrathin nanostructures and highly exposed {001} active facets of UBW, （ii） the excellent spectral coupling of UBW and CQDs, where UBW could be excited by the up-converted photoluminescence of CQDs, and （iii） the electron-withdrawing nature of the CQDs to trap the photogenerated electrons and retard the recombination of charge carriers.

关键词： photocatalysis CO2 reduction near-infrared (NIR) light carbon quantum dots bismuth tungstate ultrathin nanosheets

Hydrogen generation from ammonia electrolysis on bifunctional platinum nanocubes electrocatalysts

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第8期29卷 234-240,I0009页

作者： Hui-ying Sun Guang-Rui Xu Fu-Min Li Qi ng-Li ng Hong Pu-Jun Jin Pei Chen Yu Chen Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry(Ministry of Education)Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy DevicesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an 710062ShaanxiChina School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an 710062ShaanxiChina

The ammonia electrolysis is a highly efficient and energy-saving method for ultra-pure hydrogen generation, which highly relies on electrocatalytic performance of electrocatalysts. In this work, high-quality platinum(Pt) nanocubes(Pt-NCs) with 4.5 nm size are achieved by facile hydrothermal synthesis. The physical morphology and structure of Pt-NCs are exhaustively characterized, revealing that Pt-NCs with special {100} facets have excellent uniformity, good dispersity and high crystallinity. Meanwhile, the electrocatalytic performance of Pt-NCs for ammonia electrolysis are carefully investigated in alkaline solutions, which display outstanding electroactivity and stability for both ammonia electrooxidation reaction(AEOR) and hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) in KOH solution. Furthermore, a symmetric Pt-NCs||Pt-NCs ammonia electrolyzer based on bifunctional Pt-NCs electrocatalyst is constructed, which only requires 0.68 V electrolysis voltage for hydrogen generation. Additionally, the symmetric Pt-NCs||Pt-NCs ammonia electrolyzer has excellent reversible switch capability for AEOR at anode and HER at cathode, showing outstanding alternating operation ability for ammonia electrolysis.

关键词： Ammonia electrolysis Water electrolysis Ammonia oxidation reaction Hydrogen evolution reaction Platinum nanocubes

Weakly Supervised Object Localization with Background Suppression Erasing for Art Authentication and Copyright Protection

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第1期21卷 89-103页

作者： Chaojie Wu Mingyang Li ying Gao Xinyan Xie Wing W.Y.ng Ahmad Musyafa School of Computer Science and Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 511442China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Image Analysis and Application Guangdong Provincial People's HospitalGuangzhou 510180China

The problem of art forgery and infringement is becoming increasingly prominent,since diverse self-media contents with all kinds of art pieces are released on the Internet every *** art paintings,object detection and localization provide an efficient and ef-fective means of art authentication and copyright ***,the acquisition of a precise detector requires large amounts of ex-pensive pixel-level *** alleviate this,we propose a novel weakly supervised object localization(WSOL)with background su-perposition erasing(BSE),which recognizes objects with inexpensive image-level ***,integrated adversarial erasing(IAE)for vanilla convolutional neural network(CNN)dropouts the most discriminative region by leveraging high-level semantic ***,a background suppression module(BSM)limits the activation area of the IAE to the object region through a self-guidance ***,in the inference phase,we utilize the refined importance map(RIM)of middle features to obtain class-agnostic loc-alization *** experiments are conducted on paintings,CUB-200-2011 and ILSVRC to validate the effectiveness of our BSE.

关键词： Weakly supervised object localization erasing method deep learning computer vision art authentication and copyright protection