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Inequity in catastrophic costs among tuberculosis-affected households in China

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2019年第3期8卷 104-104页

作者： Cai-Hong Xu Kathiresan Jeyashree Hemant Deepak Shewade yin-yin xia Li-xia Wang Yan Liu Hui Zhang Li Wang National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 100226China 不详 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesSchool of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China

Background:There are limited nationally representative studies globally in the post-2015 END tuberculosis(TB)era regarding wealth related inequity in the distribution of catastrophic costs due to TB *** the Chinese national tuberculosis programme setting,we aimed to assess extent of equity in distribution of total TB care costs(pre-treatment,treatment and overall)and costs as a proportion of annual household income(AHI),and describe and compare equity in distribution of catastrophic costs(pre-treatment,treatment and overall)across population ***:Analytical cross-seaional study using data from national TB patient cost survey carried out in 22 counties from six provinces in China in ***-susceptible pulmonary TB registered under programme,who had received at least 2 weeks of intensive phase therapy were *** was depiaed using concentration curves and concentration indices were compared using dominance ***:Of 1147 patients,the median cost of pre-treatment,treatment and overall care,were USD 283.5,USD 413.1 and USD 965.5,*** quintiles incurred significantly higher pre-treatment and treatment costs compared to poorer *** distribution of costs as a proportion of AHI and catastrophic costs were significantly pro-poor overall as well as during pre-treatment and treatment *** the concentration curves for catastrophic costs(due to pre-treatment,treatment and overall care)stratified by region(east,middle and west),area of residence(urban,rural)and type of insurance new rural co-operative medical system[NCMS],non-NCMSalso exhibited a pro-poor pattern with statistically significant(P<0.01)concentration *** pro-poor distribution of the catastrophic costs due to TB treatment was significantly more inequitable among rural,compared to urban patients,and NCMS compared to non-NCMS ***:There is inequity in the distribution of catastrophic costs due to TB *** health co

关键词： Catastrophic health expenditure tuberculosis Patient cost Universal health coverage Social protection Equity

Incidence and risk factors of tuberculosis among the elderly population in China:a prospective cohort study

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2020年第1期9卷 64-76页

作者： Jun Cheng Yan-Ni Sun Can-You Zhang Yan-Ling Yu Li-Hong Tang Hong Peng ying Peng Yu-xia Yao Shuang-Yi Hou Jian-Wei Li Jin-Ming Zhao Lan xia Lin Xu yin-yin xia Fei Zhao Li-xia Wang Hui Zhang National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina National Center for Population Health and Epidemiology CanberraAustralia Heilongjiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention HarbinChina Minhang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention ShanghaiChina Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention NanjingChina Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and prevention HangzhouChina Henan Provincial Center for Disease control and prevention ZhengzhouChina Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention WuhanChina Center for Tuberculosis Control of Guangdong Province GuangzhouChina GuangXi Center for Disease Prevention and Control NanningChina Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention ChengduChina Yunnan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention KunmingChina

Background:China is facing challenges of the shifting presentation of tuberculosis(TB)from younger to elderly due to an ageing population,longer life expectancy and reactivation ***,the burden of elderly TB and influence factors are not yet *** fill the gap,we generated a cohort study to measure the magnitude of TB incidence and associated factors among the elderly population aged 65 years and above in ***:In this cohort established in 2013 through a prevalence survey conducted in selected sites,a total of 34076 elderlies without TB were enrolled into two-year *** used both active and passive case findings to find out all TB patients among *** person-year(PY)incidence rates for both bacteriologically positive TB and active TB were *** proportional regression model was performed to test effect of risk factors,and the population attributable fraction(PAF)of each risk factor contributing to incident TB among elderlies was ***:Over the two-year follow-up period,a total of 215 incident active TB were identified,62 of which were bacteriologically *** incidence rates for active TB and bacteriologically positive TB were 481.8 per 100000 PY(95%CI:417.4–546.2 per 100000 PY)and 138.9 per 100000 PY(95%CI:104.4–173.5 per 100000 PY),*** cases detected by active case finding were significantly higher(Pying that National TB Program(NTP)needs to prioritize f

关键词： Tuberculosis Elderly tuberculosis Active case finding Incidence Risk factor Follow up China

Prevalence and risk factors of active pulmonary tuberculosis among elderly people in China:a population based cross-sectional study

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2019年第1期8卷 26-35页

作者： Can-You Zhang Fei Zhao yin-yin xia Yan-Ling Yu Xin Shen Wei Lu xiao-Meng Wang Jin Xing Jian-Jun Ye Jian-Wei Li Fei-ying Liu Jian-Lin Wu Lin Xu Hui Zhang Jun Cheng Li-xia Wang National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Heilongjiang Provincial Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention HarbinHeilongjiangChina Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention ShanghaiChina Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention NanjingJiangsuChina Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention HangzhouZhejiangChina Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention ZhengzhouHenanChina Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention WuhanHubeiChina Center for Tuberculosis Control of Guangdong Province GuangzhouGuangdongChina Guangxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention NanningGuangxiChina Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention ChengduSichuanChina Yunnan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention KunmingYunnanChina

Background:The problem of population aging is a critical public health concern in modern China,and more tuberculosis(TB)control efforts are needed to reach elderly people at high *** this study,we aim to determine the prevalence and identify the risk factors of TB among elderly people in ***:A multistage cluster-sampled cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2013,and 27 clusters were selected from 10 counties of 10 provinces in *** consenting participants greater than or equal to 65 years of age were screened for pulmonary TB with a chest X-ray(CXR)and a symptom *** sputum specimens for bacteriological examination by microscopy and culture were collected from those whose screening was *** was calculated,a multiple logistic regression model was performed to confirm the risk factors,and population attributable fraction(PAF)of each risk factor was calculated to indicate the public health ***:Of 38888 eligible people from 27 clusters,34269 participants finished both questionnaire and physical *** were 193 active pulmonary TB cases,62 of which were bacteriologically *** estimated prevalence of active pulmonary TB and bacteriologically confirmed TB in those 65 years of age and older was 563.19 per 100000(95%CI:483.73-642.65)and 180.92 per 100000(95%CI:135.89-225.96),*** sex,older age,living in rural areas,underweight,diabetes,close contact of pulmonary TB(PTB)and previous TB history are all risk factors for *** risk of TB increased with increasing age and decreasing body mass index(BMI)after adjusting for other factors,and there is a positive dose-response ***:In China,active case finding(ACF)could be implemented among elderly people aged 65 and above with underweight,diabetes,close contact history and previous TB history as a priority,which will get significant yields and be cost-effective.

关键词： Prevalence Risk factor Pulmonary tuberculosis Aged/elderly

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外源BR与IAA对欧美杨耐旱性的影响

北京林业大学学报 2017年第7期39卷 31-39页

作者：贾伏丽王丛鹏刘沙焦志银尹伟伦夏新莉北京林业大学林木育种国家工程实验室

为了探究外源油菜素类固醇(brassinosteroid,BR)和IAA对杨树耐旱性的影响,本文选取3种欧美杨无性系NE19、R270、107的1年生盆栽苗木,分别喷洒10μmol/L BR和100 mg/L IAA,并同时控制土壤含水量为20%,对其进行为期15 d的干旱处理和非干... 详细信息

为了探究外源油菜素类固醇(brassinosteroid,BR)和IAA对杨树耐旱性的影响,本文选取3种欧美杨无性系NE19、R270、107的1年生盆栽苗木,分别喷洒10μmol/L BR和100 mg/L IAA,并同时控制土壤含水量为20%,对其进行为期15 d的干旱处理和非干旱处理,对它们的生长和生理变化进行检测。结果表明:与无激素组相比,BR与IAA均可显著提高干旱条件下3种欧美杨无性系的净光合速率(Pn)、光化学量子产量(Fv/Fm)、叶绿素含量、叶片保水能力。BR处理NE19、R270、107的Pn比非干旱组分别提高19%、60%、85%,IAA处理分别高了35%、50%、80%;对Fv/Fm,BR处理的NE19、R270、107比对照组提高了7.7%、7.5%、10.9%,而IAA组提高了7.4%、8%、11.9%。以上结果说明外源施加BR与IAA提高了欧美杨无性系的耐旱性。统计经过激素处理后的欧美杨无性系气孔指数发现,BR处理NE19、R270、107的气孔指数分别下降12.28%、25.60%、20.31%,IAA处理分别下降13.00%、13.15%、14.48%,因此我们推测施加BR和IAA,会抑制植物气孔发育以降低干旱条件下的水分消耗;通过荧光定量PCR,检测与气孔发育6个相关基因EPF1、EPF2、EPFL9、ERECTA、FAMA、SDD1的表达量特征,发现BR和IAA处理导致负调节气孔发育相关基因EPF1、EPF2、ERECTA、SDD1表达量升高,正调节气孔发育基因FAMA与EPFL9表达量下降。综上所述,植物激素BR与IAA参与欧美杨气孔发育过程,在干旱条件下通过抑制气孔发育提高欧美杨抗旱性。

关键词： BR IAA 欧美杨外源激素耐旱性

葛花解酲汤对脾虚湿热型溃疡性结肠炎“炎-癌转化”中相关原抑癌基因表达的影响

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天然产物研究与开发 2023年第5期35卷 858-866,887页

作者：李晓玲吴玉泓李海龙殷银霞舍雅莉郝民琦梁永林甘肃中医药大学基础医学院兰州730000 深圳大学附属华南医院北京中医药大学深圳医院(龙岗) 深圳518111 南方医科大学中西医结合医院广州510000

探讨葛花解酲汤对脾虚湿热型溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis, UC)-溃疡性结肠炎相关癌变(ulcerative colitis associated carcinogenesis, UCAC)的“炎-癌转化”小鼠结肠组织中相关原抑癌基因表达的影响。80只SPF级C57BL/6雄性小鼠随... 详细信息

探讨葛花解酲汤对脾虚湿热型溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis, UC)-溃疡性结肠炎相关癌变(ulcerative colitis associated carcinogenesis, UCAC)的“炎-癌转化”小鼠结肠组织中相关原抑癌基因表达的影响。80只SPF级C57BL/6雄性小鼠随机选出10只为空白组(K组),其余70只建立脾虚湿热模型。脾虚湿热模型建立后,将其随机分为模型1、2、3周期组(M1、M2、M3组)、葛花解酲汤高、中、低剂量组(G、Z、D组)和阳性对照美沙拉嗪组(Y组),10只/组,以氧化偶氮甲烷(azoxymethane, AOM)/葡聚糖硫酸钠(dextran sodium sulfate, DSS)继续建立UC-UCAC的“炎-癌转化”模型。各组给予对应药物治疗4周。观察小鼠一般状态;统计小鼠体重变化;电镜下观察小鼠结肠黏膜超微结构;WB和RT-qPCR分别检测小鼠结肠组织中c-jun、c-fos、c-myc、p53、RB1蛋白及基因的表达。与K组比,M3组小鼠一般状态差,体重增长量显著下降(P<0.01),结肠黏膜上皮细胞核染色不均匀,细胞内线粒体等见大量增生肿胀,c-jun、c-fos、c-myc蛋白及基因表达显著升高(P<0.01),p53、RB1蛋白及基因表达显著降低(P<0.01);与M3组比,各治疗组小鼠一般状态改善,体重增长量升高,结肠黏膜上皮细胞核染色较均匀,细胞内线粒体等增生肿胀情况改善,c-jun、c-fos、c-myc蛋白及基因表达降低,p53、RB1蛋白及基因表达升高,以G、Z和Y组最为显著(P<0.01,P<0.05)。葛花解酲汤可能通过抑制原癌基因c-jun、c-fos、c-myc的激活,促进抑癌基因p53、RB1的表达,调控细胞增殖与凋亡,延缓炎-癌转化进程,修复受损的结肠黏膜组织,预防UCAC的发生。

关键词：葛花解酲汤溃疡性结肠炎炎-癌转化脾虚湿热原癌基因抑癌基因

IL-1、IL-6、TNF-α及IFN-γ在脾肾阳虚型溃疡性结肠炎模型大鼠血清及组织中的表达

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中国实验动物学报 2015年第2期23卷 139-142页

作者：殷银霞许雅清李海龙邱家权程小丽明海霞梁永林吴玉泓甘肃中医学院兰州730000 甘肃中医学院附属医院兰州730020 甘肃省中药新产品创制工程实验室兰州730000

目的通过对脾肾阳虚型溃疡性结肠炎(UC)模型大鼠血清及结肠组织中IL-1、IL-6、TNF-α及IFN-γ表达水平的检测,探讨它们在UC发生发展过程中的作用。方法采用灌服大黄水煎液+肌肉注射氢化可的松并结合TNBS(2,4,6-三硝基苯磺酸)+乙醇灌肠... 详细信息

目的通过对脾肾阳虚型溃疡性结肠炎(UC)模型大鼠血清及结肠组织中IL-1、IL-6、TNF-α及IFN-γ表达水平的检测,探讨它们在UC发生发展过程中的作用。方法采用灌服大黄水煎液+肌肉注射氢化可的松并结合TNBS(2,4,6-三硝基苯磺酸)+乙醇灌肠建立脾肾阳虚型UC动物模型。将60只大鼠随机分为空白组、脾肾阳虚型UC模型7、14d及21d组,采用酶联免疫法检测各组大鼠血清及结肠组织中IL-1、IL-6、TNF-α及IFN-γ的含量。结果与空白组比较,脾肾阳虚型UC模型组大鼠血清及结肠组织中IL-1、IL-6、TNF-α及IFN-γ含量明显升高(P<0.05);尤以模型21d组最为明显。结论促炎性细胞因子IL-1、IL-6、TNF-α及IFN-γ在脾肾阳虚型UC发病过程中起重要作用。

关键词：溃疡性结肠炎脾肾阳虚白细胞介素肿瘤坏死因子-α 干扰素-γ 大鼠

盆炎方联合腹腔镜手术治疗输卵管性不孕症的临床研究

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上海中医药杂志 2016年第11期50卷 49-51页

作者：刘音吟夏亲华顾俊杰牛柳霞白容大南京中医药大学附属医院(江苏省中医院)妇科江苏南京210029

目的观察盆炎方联合腹腔镜手术治疗输卵管性不孕症的临床疗效。方法将60例输卵管性不孕症患者随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组30例。对照组行腹腔镜手术加输卵管通液术,治疗组在手术基础上加服盆炎方。两组总疗程均为3个月,1年后随访,观察... 详细信息

目的观察盆炎方联合腹腔镜手术治疗输卵管性不孕症的临床疗效。方法将60例输卵管性不孕症患者随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组30例。对照组行腹腔镜手术加输卵管通液术,治疗组在手术基础上加服盆炎方。两组总疗程均为3个月,1年后随访,观察宫内妊娠率、输卵管通畅率,比较血清白介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、人细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)水平的变化情况。结果 1疗程结束1年后,治疗组、对照组宫内妊娠例数分别为19例、10例,组间宫内妊娠率比较,差异有统计学意义,治疗组明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。2组间治疗后比较,输卵管通畅率差异有统计学意义,治疗组明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。3治疗前后组内比较,两组血清IL-6、TNF-α、ICAM-1水平差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);组间治疗后比较,血清IL-6、TNF-α、ICAM-1水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论盆炎方联合腹腔镜手术治疗输卵管性不孕症的疗效满意,其机制可能与调节血清IL-6、TNF-α、ICAM-1等炎症因子的表达有关。

关键词：输卵管性不孕腹腔镜中西医结合盆炎方妊娠率

Error Bounds of Two Smoothing Approximations for Semi-infinite Minimax Problems

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2009年第4期25卷 685-696页

作者： Hong-xia yin Department of Mathematics and Statistics Minnesota State University Mankato 273 Wissink Hall Mankato MN 56001 USA

In the paper we investigate smoothing method for solving semi-infinite minimax problems. Not like most of the literature in semi-infinite minimax problems which are concerned with the continuous time version（i.e., the one dimensional semi-infinite minimax problems）, the primary focus of this paper is on multi- dimensional semi-infinite minimax problems. The global error bounds of two smoothing approximations for the objective function are given and compared. It is proved that the smoothing approximation given in this paper can provide a better error bound than the existing one in literature.

关键词： Semi-infinite minimax problem smoothing method aggregate function error bound polynomial interpolation

Influence of temperature on metal-organic frameworks

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2014年第6期25卷 823-828页

作者： yin-xia Sun Wei-yin Sun Coordination Chemistry Institute State Key Laboratory of Coordination ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing National Laboratory of MicrostructuresNanjing University School of Chemical and Biological Engineering Lanzhou Jiaotong University

Reaction temperature is one of the key parameters in the synthesis of metal-organic frameworks （MOFs）. Though there is no convergence with regard to the various experimental parameters, reaction temperature has been found to have remarkable influence on the formation and structure of MOFs, especially toward the control of topology and dimensionality of the MOF structures. Theoretically, the reaction temperature affects directly the reaction energy barrier in reaction thermodynamics and the reaction rate in the reaction kinetics. This review aims to show the influence of reaction temperature on crystal growth/assembly, structural modulation and transformation of MOFs, and to provide primary information and insights into the design and assernblv of desired MOFs.

关键词： Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) Reaction temperature Structural transformation