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Evaluating the accuracy and reproducibility of ChatGPT-4 in answering patient questions related to small intestinal bacterial overgrowth

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Artificial Intelligence in Gastroenterology 2024年第1期5卷 14-21页

作者： Lauren Schlussel Jamil S Samaan yin chan Bianca chang Yee Hui Yeo Wee Han Ng Ali Rezaie Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States Bristol Medical School University of BristolBS81THBristolUnited Kingdom Medically Associated Science and Technology Program Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States

BACKGROUND Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth(SIBO)poses diagnostic and treatment challenges due to its complex management and evolving *** often seek online information related to their health,prompting interest in large language models,like GPT-4,as potential sources of patient *** To investigate ChatGPT-4's accuracy and reproducibility in responding to patient questions related to *** A total of 27 patient questions related to SIBO were curated from professional societies,Facebook groups,and Reddit *** question was entered into GPT-4 twice on separate days to examine reproducibility of accuracy on separate ***-4 generated responses were independently evaluated for accuracy and reproducibility by two motility fellowship-trained gastroenterologists.A third senior fellowship-trained gastroenterologist resolved *** of responses were graded using the scale:(1)Comprehensive;(2)Correct but inadequate;(3)Some correct and some incorrect;or(4)Completely *** responses were generated for every question to evaluate reproducibility in *** In evaluating GPT-4's effectiveness at answering SIBO-related questions,it provided responses with correct information to 18/27(66.7%)of questions,with 16/27(59.3%)of responses graded as comprehensive and 2/27(7.4%)responses graded as correct but *** model provided responses with incorrect information to 9/27(33.3%)of questions,with 4/27(14.8%)of responses graded as completely incorrect and 5/27(18.5%)of responses graded as mixed correct and incorrect *** varied by question category,with questions related to“basic knowledge”achieving the highest proportion of comprehensive responses(90%)and no incorrect *** the other hand,the“treatment”related questions yielded the lowest proportion of comprehensive responses(33.3%)and highest percent of completely incorrect responses(33.3%).A total of 77.8%of questions yielded repr

关键词： Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth Motility Artificial intelligence Chat-GPT Large language models Patient education

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Benefits of Conservation Agriculture on Soil and Water Conservation and Its Progress in China

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2011年第6期10卷 850-859页

作者： LI Ling-ling HUANG Gao-bao ZHANG Ren-zhi Bill Bellotti Guangdi Li Kwong yin chan Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science/Faculty of Agronomy Gansu Agricultural University Lanzhou 730070 P.R. China Faculty of Resource and Environment Gansu Agricultural University Lanzhou 730070 P.R.China School of Natural Sciences University of Western Sydney NSW 1797 Australia EH Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation （Alliance Between Investment ＆ Industry NSW and Charles Sturt University） Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute NSW 2650 Australia Investment ＆ Industry NSW NSW 2753 Australia

Conservation agriculture has been practised for three decades and has been spread widely. There are many nomenclatures surrounding conservation agriculture and differ to each other lightly. Conservation agriculture （CA） is a system approach to soil and water conservation, high crop productivity and profitability, in one word, it is a system approach to sustainable agriculture. Yet, because conservation agriculture is a knowledge-intensive and a complex system to learn and implement, and also because of traditions of intensive cultivation, adoption rates have been low, since to date, only about seven percent of the world＇s arable and permanent cropland area is farmed under conservation agriculture. The practice and wider extention of conservation agriculture thus requires a deeper understanding of its ecological underpinnings in order to manage its various elements for sustainable intensification, where the aim is to conserve soil and water and improve sustainability over the long term. This paper described terms related to conservation agriculture, presented the effects of conservation agriculture on soil and water conservation, crop productivity, progress and adoption of CA worldwide, emphasized obstacles and possible ways to increase CA adoption to accelerate sustainable development of China agriculture.

关键词： China conservation tillage crop residue mulch no-till soil and water conservation sustainability

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Rapid nanomolding of nanotopography on flexible substrates to control muscle cell growth with enhanced maturation

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2021年第6期7卷 71-85页

作者： Cong Wu Chriss S.M.Chin Qingyun Huang Ho-yin chan Xinge Yu Vellaisamy A.L.Roy Wen J.Li Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong KongChina James Watt School of Engineering University of GlasgowGlasgow G128QQUK

In vivo,multiple biophysical cues provided by highly ordered connective tissues of the extracellular matrix regulate skeletal muscle cells to align in parallel with one ***,in routine in vitro cell culture environments,these key factors are often missing,which leads to changes in cell ***,we present a simple strategy for using optical media discs with nanogrooves and other polymer-based substrates nanomolded from the discs to directly culture muscle cells to study their response to the effect of biophysical cues such as nanotopography and substrate *** extend the range of study of biophysical cues for myoblasts by showing that they can sense ripple sizes as small as a 100 nm width and a 20 nm depth for myotube alignment,which has not been reported *** results revealed that nanotopography and substrate stiffness regulated myoblast proliferation and morphology independently,with nanotopographical cues showing a higher *** biophysical cues also worked synergistically,and their individual effects on cells were additive;i.e.,by comparing cells grown on different polymerbased substrates(with and without nanogrooves),the cell proliferation rate could be reduced by as much as~29%,and the elongation rate could be increased as much as~116%.Moreover,during myogenesis,muscle cells actively responded to nanotopography and consistently showed increases in fusion and maturation indices of~28%and~21%,***,under electrical stimulation,the contraction amplitude of well-aligned myotubes was found to be almost 3 times greater than that for the cells on a smooth surface,regardless of the substrate stiffness.

关键词： routine stimulation topography

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Hydrogel-based flexible materials for diabetes diagnosis,treatment,and management

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npj Flexible Electronics 2021年第1期5卷 204-220页

作者： Jiang Song Yanni Zhang Siew yin chan Zhaoyi Du yinjia Yan Tengjiao Wang Peng Li Wei Huang Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics(FSCFE) Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics(IFE)&Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering(IBME)Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’anShaanxiP.R.China Queen Mary University of London Engineering School Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’anShaanxiP.R.China Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University NingboP.R.China State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays&Institute of Advanced Materials(SKLOEID) Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjingP.R.China Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics(KLOFE) Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM)Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials(SICAM)Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjingP.R.China

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by high glucose concentration in *** management of diabetes requires skin pricking and subcutaneous injection,causing physical pain and physiological issues to diabetic *** possess unique advantages such as lightweight,stretchability,biocompatibility,and biodegradability,offering the opportunities to be integrated as flexible devices for diabetes *** review highlights the development of hydrogels as flexible materials for diabetes applications in glucose monitoring,insulin delivery,wound care,and cell transplantation in recent *** and prospects in the development of hydrogel-based flexible devices for personalized management of diabetes are discussed as well.

关键词： diabetes diagnosis wound

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Accounting Systems in Cultural Context： A Research Framework for China Studies in Global Economy

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Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing 2017年第2期13卷 45-50页

作者： Anthony Moung yin chan Ryerson University Toronto Canada

The People＇s Republic of China （PRC） is a country that has great potential to international businesses. Her enormous market, resources, and labor power are important to other countries in this age of global economy. Research studies on the PRC are valuable not only to policymakers in the PRC but also to a larger audience in the global business community. Accounting standards and practices are central to the economic order of any society. As accounting systems are not isolated from social and cultural systems, towards an understanding of social/cultural environments interacting with accounting systems in the PRC in turn facilitates the international investors to interpret financial information and to set strategies in doing businesses in the country. It is expected that the research results of this kind of projects will have implications to different aspects of financial disclosure of companies in the PRC. Being grounded in the current accounting literature, the proposed conceptual framework in this paper is to discern the interconnections between accounting systems and cul^ral factors in the PRC. It aims at contributing to the accounting body of knowledge and to provide practical insights for global managers.

关键词： accounting and culture framework for contextual research China studies

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Accounting Regulation Research and Structuration Theory

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Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing 2015年第3期11卷 131-137页

作者： Anthony Moung yin chan Ryerson University Toronto Canada

This paper considers accounting regulation research from a structuration and cultural perspective. Therefore, accounting regulation research spans over three spheres of enquiry：（1） an accounting focus of standard-setting; （2） a cultural analysis in an empirical context; and （3） the use of a research methodology drawn from Anthony Giddens＇ structuration theory. In such approach, accounting regulation research analyzes the accounting regulation actors drawing upon the cultures in their standard-setting actions and interactions, referring to Giddens＇ three structural properties of meaning, power, and morality. The integration of these three spheres of enquiry is not entirely original. A few prior studies have similar combinations： Although they stress the uses and consequences of accounting systems in producing and reproducing organizational culture and negotiating meaning at the organizational level, this paper chooses the research approach of contextual analysis of accounting systems at more macro-societal and cultural levels. This different research interest and design provides this paper with its distinguishable characteristic from the prior similar studies.

关键词： accounting standard-setting accounting and culture structuration analysis accounting regulation

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Recent advances in the use of the CRISPR-Cas system for the detection of infectious pathogens

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2022年第11期23卷 881-898页

作者： Hongdan GAO Zifang SHANG Siew yin chan Dongli MA Institute of Pediatrics Shenzhen Children's HospitalShenzhen 518026China CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics(FSCFE) Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics(IFE)&Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering(IBME)Northwestern Polytechnical University(NPU)Xi'an 710072China

Infectious diseases cause great economic loss and individual and even social *** detection methods lack sensitivity and specificity,have a poor turnaround time,and are dependent on expensive *** recent years,the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated protein(Cas)system has been widely used in the detection of pathogens that cause infectious diseases owing to its high specificity,sensitivity,and speed,and good *** this review,we discuss the discovery and development of the CRISPR-Cas system,summarize related analysis and interpretation methods,and discuss the existing applications of CRISPR-based detection of infectious pathogens using Cas *** conclude the challenges and prospects of the CRISPR-Cas system in the detection of pathogens.

关键词： CRISPR-Cas Diagnosis Disease detection Infectious disease Pathogen

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Perspectives on Contemporary Accounting Research

Perspectives on Contemporary Accounting Research

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中国会计学会2006年学术年会

作者： Anthony Moung yin chan School of Business Management Ryerson University

自九十年代起,会计研究在中国越来越重视实证方法,这可能与参照英美国家的会计实证研究趋势有关。但回顾英美国家几十年来的会计研究历史,却发现英美会计学者本身也有很多对实证研究方法的质疑。到了二十一世纪,英美会计研究界也尝试寻...

自九十年代起,会计研究在中国越来越重视实证方法,这可能与参照英美国家的会计实证研究趋势有关。但回顾英美国家几十年来的会计研究历史,却发现英美会计学者本身也有很多对实证研究方法的质疑。到了二十一世纪,英美会计研究界也尝试寻求超越实证研究方法的其他研究进路（尤其是人文诠释研究方法）.从英美国家几十年来的会计研究经验来看,是一个从规范性研究方法到实证研究方法,又从实证研究方法到人文诠释研究方法的过程.这个英美国家的经验（和教训）,对中国也很有参考价值.本文将尝试回顾英美国家本身对会计研究方法的不同观点.

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农田土壤有机碳固定潜力研究进展

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生态学报 2005年第2期25卷 351-357页

作者：张国盛黄高宝 yin chan 甘肃农业大学资源环境学院兰州730070 甘肃农业大学农学院兰州730070 澳大利亚新南威尔士州农业部

土壤有机碳的贮存和损失的研究是目前国际上前沿研究领域之一。研究农田土壤有机碳固定过程 ,对于了解农业生产过程和生态过程的关系具有十分重要的意义。在农田土壤中 ,发生变化的有机碳主要是年轻或轻组有机碳 ,而且土壤有机碳的损失... 详细信息

土壤有机碳的贮存和损失的研究是目前国际上前沿研究领域之一。研究农田土壤有机碳固定过程 ,对于了解农业生产过程和生态过程的关系具有十分重要的意义。在农田土壤中 ,发生变化的有机碳主要是年轻或轻组有机碳 ,而且土壤有机碳的损失或固定都是在土壤表层和有限的时间内发生 ,且数量巨大。传统的耕作体系是造成土壤有机碳损失的主要原因。为了增加农田土壤有机碳的保有量 ,农业管理措施应该从增加有机碳的输入量 (如草田轮作、保留残茬以及施用肥料等 )和减少土壤有机碳的矿化 (少、免耕等 )

关键词：农田有机碳固定潜力

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A non-invasive smart scaffold for bone repair and monitoring

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第1期19卷 499-510页

作者： Yazhuo Huang Lingyu Zhang Yongrong Ji Hongpei Deng Mingce Long Shengfang Ge Yanjie Su Siew yin chan Xian Jun Loh Ai Zhuang Jing Ruan Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai200011China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology Shanghai200011China Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication(Ministry of Education) Department of Micro/Nano ElectronicsSchool of ElectronicsInformation and Electrical EngineeringShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai200240China Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology(Ministry of Education) School of Environmental Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai200240China Institute of Materials Research and Engineering(IMRE) Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)2 Fusionopolis WayInnovis#08-03Singapore138634Singapore

Existing strategies for bone defect repair are difficult to *** scaffold materials that can quantify the efficiency of new bone formation are important for bone regeneration and *** nanotubes(CNT)have promising bioactivity and electrical *** this study,a noninvasive and intelligent monitoring scaffold was prepared for bone regeneration and monitoring by integrating carboxylated CNT into chemically cross-linked carboxymethyl chitosan *** scaffold(0.5%w/v)demonstrated improved mechanical properties with good biocompatibility and electrochemical *** voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of CNT scaffold responded sensitively to seed cell differentiation degree in both cellular and animal ***,the CNT scaffold could make up the easy deactivation shortfall of bone morphogenetic protein 2 by sustainably enhancing stem cell osteogenic differentiation and new bone tissue formation through CNT *** research provides new ideas for the development of noninvasive and electrochemically responsive bioactive scaffolds,marking an important step in the development of intelligent tissue engineering.

关键词： Carbon nanotube Osteogenesis Electrochemical response Noninvasive monitoring Tissue engineering

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