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Features of rainfall and latent heating structure simulated by two convective parameterization schemes

Science China Earth Sciences 2011年第4期54卷 1779-1788页

作者： WANG XiaoCong bao Qing LIU Kun WU GuoXiong LIU yimin State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics （LASG） Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Numerical Weather Prediction Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China

Using the latest version of SAMIL (Spectral Atmosphere Model of IAP LASG) developed by LASG/IAP,we evaluate the model performance by analyzing rainfall,latent heating structure and other basic fields with two different convective parameterization schemes:Manabe Scheme and Tiedtke *** show that convective precipitation is excessively overestimated while stratiform precipitation is underestimated by Tiedtke scheme,thus causing less stratiform rainfall proportion compared with TRMM *** contrast,for Manabe scheme stratiform rainfall belt is well simulated,although precipitation center near Bay of Bengal (BOB) spreads eastward and northward associated with unrealistic strong rainfall downstream of the Tibet *** simulated latent heating structure indicates that Tiedtke scheme has an advantage over Manabe scheme,as the maximum convective latent heating near middle of troposphere is well ***,the stratiform latent heating structure is also well simulated by Tiedtke scheme with warming above freezing level and cooling beneath freezing *** for Manabe scheme,the simulated maximum convective latent heating lies near 700 hPa,lower than the ***,the warming due to stratiform latent heating extends to the whole vertical levels,which is unreasonable compared with *** diagram further indicates that Tiedtke scheme is superior to Manabe scheme as higher correlation between model output and observation data is achieved when Tiedtke scheme is employed,especially for the temperature near 200 ***,a possible explanation is addressed for the unrealistic stratiform rainfall by Tiedtke scheme,which is due to the neglect of detrained cloud water and cloud ice during convective *** speculation is verified through an established sensitivity experiment.

关键词： Manabe scheme Tiedtke scheme stratiform rainfall convective rainfall latent heating SAMIL

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LASG Global AGCM with a Two-moment Cloud Microphysics Scheme:Energy Balance and Cloud Radiative Forcing Characteristics

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2019年第7期36卷 697-710页

作者： Lei WANG Qing bao Wei-Chyung WANG yimin LIU Guo-Xiong WU Linjiong ZHOU JiANDong LI Hua GONG Guokui NIAN Jinxiao LI Xiaocong WANG Bian HE State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Atmospheric Sciences Research Center State University of New YorkAlbanyNew York12203USA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Geophysical Fluid Dynamics LaboratoryPrincetonNJ08540-6649USA

Cloud dominates influence factors of atmospheric radiation, while aerosol–cloud interactions are of vital importance in its spatiotemporal distribution. In this study, a two-moment(mass and number) cloud microphysics scheme, which significantly improved the treatment of the coupled processes of aerosols and clouds, was incorporated into version 1.1 of the IAP/LASG global Finite-volume Atmospheric Model(FAMIL1.1). For illustrative purposes, the characteristics of the energy balance and cloud radiative forcing(CRF) in an AMIP-type simulation with prescribed aerosols were compared with those in observational/reanalysis data. Even within the constraints of the prescribed aerosol mass, the model simulated global mean energy balance at the top of the atmosphere(TOA) and at the Earth’s surface, as well as their seasonal variation, are in good agreement with the observational data. The maximum deviation terms lie in the surface downwelling longwave radiation and surface latent heat flux, which are 3.5 W m-2(1%) and 3 W m-2(3.5%), individually. The spatial correlations of the annual TOA net radiation flux and the net CRF between simulation and observation were around 0.97 and 0.90, respectively. A major weakness is that FAMIL1.1 predicts more liquid water content and less ice water content over most oceans. Detailed comparisons are presented for a number of regions, with a focus on the Asian monsoon region(AMR). The results indicate that FAMIL1.1 well reproduces the summer–winter contrast for both the geographical distribution of the longwave CRF and shortwave CRF over the AMR. Finally, the model bias and possible solutions, as well as further works to develop FAMIL1.1 are discussed.

关键词： two-moment cloud microphysics scheme aerosol–cloud interactions energy balance cloud radiative forcing Asian monsoon region

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CAS FGOALS-f3-L Model Datasets for CMIP6 GMMIP Tier-1 and Tier-3 Experiments

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2020年第1期37卷 18-28页

作者： Bian HE yimin LIU Guoxiong WU Qing bao Tianjun ZHOU Xiaofei WU Lei WANG Jiandong LI Xiaocong WANG Jinxiao LI Wenting HU Xiaoqi ZHANG Chen SHENG and Yiqiong TANG State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Beijing 100101China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China School of Atmospheric Sciences/Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu University of Information TechnologyChengduSichuan 610225China Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology NanjingJiangsu 210044China

The Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Flexible Global Ocean Atmosphere Land System(FGOALS-f3-L)model datasets prepared for the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP6)Global Monsoons Model Intercomparison Project(GMMIP)Tier-1 and Tier-3 experiments are introduced in this paper,and the model descriptions,experimental design and model outputs are *** are three simulations in Tier-1,with different initial states,and five simulations in Tier-3,with different topographies or surface thermal ***,Tier-3 contains four orographic perturbation experiments that remove the Tibetan Iranian Plateau,East African and Arabian Peninsula highlands,Sierra Madre,and Andes,and one thermal perturbation experiment that removes the surface sensible heating over the Tibetan Iranian Plateau and surrounding regions at altitudes above 500 *** datasets will contribute to CMIP6’s value as a benchmark to evaluate the importance of long-term and short-term trends of the sea surface temperature in monsoon circulations and precipitation,and to a better understanding of the orographic impact on the global monsoon system over highlands.

关键词： global monsoon CMIP6 GMMIP Tibetan Plateau orographic perturbation

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A two-stage but time-saving reconstructive scheme to treat severe lower limb length discrepancy:Two case reports

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Chinese Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 2023年第2期5卷 68-72页

作者： Zhen Shi Qifeng Ou Cheng Li Yue Li Bo Wang Gechang Cheng yimin Fan Qi bao Juyu Tang Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery School of MedicineSecond Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310009ZhejiangChina Department of Hand and Microsurgery Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha 410008HunanChina Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310030ZhejiangChina Department of Forensic Medicine of Hainan Medical University Academician Workstation of Hainan Province(Tropical Forensic Medicine)Hainan Medical UniversityHaikou 571199HainanChina

Limb length discrepancy(LLD)is a common orthopedic condition that can result in significant functional impairment,pain,and cosmetic *** reconstructive techniques for severe LLD are primarily based on callus distraction,which is a time-consuming process that can lead to complications,such as significant infection,joint stiffness,and stress *** reduce the therapeutic time and minimize the risk of complications,we investigated the use of vascularized bone flaps as a technical supplement to callus distraction in the reconstruction of short *** present two cases of severe LLD in the upper and lower legs,in which a twostage reconstruction approach was *** the first stage,external fixation was applied to the affected limb to correct the soft tissue length and convert the short deformity into a bone *** the second stage,the bone defect was reconstructed using bilateral(patient A)or unilateral(patient B)free vascularized fibula bone *** patients had complete survival of the fibular grafts without stress fractures,and bone consolidation took 8 months(patient A)and 4 months(patient B).Compared to the traditional callus distraction,the two-stage approach was found to be more time-saving and *** entire reconstructive scheme required 18 and 4 months for patients A and B,respectively,whereas the traditional callus distraction required 41 and 17 months,*** findings suggest that the use of vascularized bone flaps as a technical supplement for callus distraction may provide an effective and efficient alternative for the treatment of severe *** studies are needed to validate these results and assess the long-term outcomes of this approach.

关键词： Limb length discrepancy Callus distraction Distraction osteogenesis Fibular graft Two-stage reconstruction

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Effect of an impurity on 3-electron quantum dots in magnetic fields

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2004年第5期47卷 521-530页

作者： LIU yimin1,2, HUANG Gangming1 & bao Chengguang1 1. Department of Physics, Zhongshan University, Guangzhou 510275, China 2. Department of Physics, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan 512005, China Department of Physics Zhongshan University Guangzhou China Department of Physics Shaoguan University Shaoguan China

The ground-state property of a 2-dimensional 3-electron quantum dot (QD) subjected to an external magnetic fieldB and affected by an impurity is studied. The impurity is located at thez-axis by a distanced from the plane of the dot. The evolution of the angular momentumL o and the spinS o of the ground state in accordance withB andd has been calculated, and the results are summarized and plotted in a (L o,S o) diagram. The spatial distribution of the electrons (the size and the geometric features) and the optical absorption have also been investigated. The (L o S o) diagram indicates thatL o andS o may jump whend and/orB vary. It was found that, due to the constraints arising from symmetry, each symmetric geometry is accessible only to a specific group of states having specificL o andS o.

关键词： quantum dot, ground state, charged impurity, magnetic field.

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Study on the glasswares discovered in the underground palace of the Da bao En Temple in the North Song Dynasty(AD960 AD1127) in Nanjing,China

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2012年第7期55卷 2006-2012页

作者： YU Ning SONG Yan YANG yimin MA QingLin WANG ChangSui Laboratory of Human Evolution Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Scientific History and Archaeometry Graduate University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Chinese Academy of Cultural Heritage Beijing 100029China

Built by the royal family in the Ming Dynasty,the Da bao En Temple is known as the greatest temple in ancient Nanjing,whose predecessor is the Chang Gan Temple built in the Six *** excavations of the Da bao En Temple and the underground palace of Chang Gan Temple built in the North Song Dynasty(AD960 AD1127) have been appraised as one of the 10 greatest archaeological discoveries in 2010 in *** artefacts discovered in the underground palace have shown their important historical meanings and scientific values,such as the Qibao King Asoka Tower,golden and silver coffins,Buddhist relics,the silk textiles,glasses,and spices *** this paper,stereomicroscope,SEM-EDS and LA-ICP-AES are used to investigate chemical composition,microstructure and current preservation status for the unearthed *** results indicate that the glass bottle coded as TH1 and the glass calyx coded as TN5 are made of lead-silicate glass,while the chemical composition of the glass bottle coded as TN9 is quite distinct from that of native *** three articles have been weathered in some *** the shape,it is deduced that TH1 is a typical glassware used in burying Buddhist relics at that time,TN5 a domestic glassware with typical Sassanian style,and TN9 an imported Islamic glass,providing important information about culture exchanges between China and the foreign countries in the North Song Dynasty.

关键词： Da bao En Temple chemical analysis lead glass Islamic glass culture exchange between China and the foreign countries

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The climate variability in global land precipitation in FGOALS-f3-L:A comparison between GMMIP and historical simulations

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2020年第6期13卷 559-567页

作者： TANG Yiqiong HE Bian bao Qing LIU yimin LI Jinxiao WU Guoxiong School of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjingChina State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences BeijingChina College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

The climate variability in global land precipitation is important for the global hydrological *** on the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6)historical experiments and the Global Monsoons Model Intercomparison Project(GMMIP)Tier-1 experiments,the spatialtemporal characteristics of global and regional land precipitation long-term climate changes in CAS FGOALS-f3-L are evaluated in this *** comparing these two kinds of experiments,the precipitation biases related to the SSTs are also *** results show that the two experiments could capture the precipitation trend and amplitude to a certain degree compared with *** GMMIP simulations show a higher skill than the historical runs verified by correlation coefficients partly because the observed monthly mean SST was *** the Northern Hemisphere,GMMIP can reproduce the trend and variability in global precipitation,while historical simulations cannot reproduce the trend and ***,both experiments fail to simulate the amplitude of the southern hemisphere summer precipitation *** empirical mode decomposition(EEMD)was applied to compare the simulated precipitation on different time *** sea surface temperature anomaly(SSTA)bias,especially the La Ni?a-type SSTA,is the dominant source of the model bias for simulating interannual precipitation *** authors also emphasize that the response of precipitation anomalies to the ENSO effect varies *** study highlights the importance of the multiannual variability in SSTAs in global and hemispheric precipitation *** ways to improve the simulation of global precipitation for CAS FGOALS-f3-L are also discussed.

关键词： CMIP6 GMMIP global precipitation simulation climate variability monsoon simulation

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Comparisons of Soil Moisture Datasets over the Tibetan Plateau and Application to the Simulation of Asia Summer Monsoon Onset

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2010年第2期27卷 303-314页

作者：包庆刘屹岷施建成吴国雄 State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute for Computational Earth System Science University of California

The influence of soil moisture on Asian monsoon simulation/prediction was less studied, partly due to a lack of available and reliable soil moisture datasets. In this study, we firstly compare several soil moisture datasets over the Tibetan Plateau, and find that the remote sensing products from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for Earth Observing System （AMSR-E） can capture realistic temporal variations of soil moisture better than the two reanalyses （NCEP and ECMWF） during the pre-monsoon seasons. Using the AMSR-E soil moisture product, we investigate the impacts of soil moisture over the Tibetan Plateau on Asian summer monsoon onset based on a Spectral Atmospheric Model developed at IAP/LASG （SAMIL）. Comparison between results with and without the assimilation of remotely sensed soil moisture data demonstrates that with soil moisture assimilated into SAMIL, the land-sea thermal contrast during pre-monsoon seasons is more realistic. Accordingly, the simulation of summer monsoon onset dates over both the Bay of Bengal and South China Sea regions are more accurate with AMSR-E soil moisture assimilated. This study reveals that the application of the soil moisture remote sensing products in a numerical model could potentially improve prediction of the Asian summer monsoon onset.

关键词： soil moisture remote sensing AMSR-E and ASM onset

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CAS FGOALS-f3-L Model Datasets for CMIP6 Historical Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project Simulation

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2019年第8期36卷 771-778页

作者： Bian HE Qing bao Xiaocong WANG Linjiong ZHOU Xiaofei WU yimin LIU Guoxiong WU Kangjun CHEN Sicheng HE Wenting HU Jiandong LI Jinxiao LI Guokui NIAN Lei WANG Jing YANG Minghua ZHANG Xiaoqi ZHANG State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Beijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory PrincetonNJ 08540-6649USA School of Atmospheric Sciences/Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu 610225China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology/Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management Ministry of Civil Affairs and Ministry of Education Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China School of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China

The outputs of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS) Flexible Global Ocean–Atmosphere–Land System(FGOALS-f3-L) model for the baseline experiment of the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project simulation in the Diagnostic,Evaluation and Characterization of Klima common experiments of phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP6) are described in this paper. The CAS FGOALS-f3-L model, experiment settings, and outputs are all given. In total,there are three ensemble experiments over the period 1979–2014, which are performed with different initial states. The model outputs contain a total of 37 variables and include the required three-hourly mean, six-hourly transient, daily and monthly mean datasets. The baseline performances of the model are validated at different time scales. The preliminary evaluation suggests that the CAS FGOALS-f3-L model can capture the basic patterns of atmospheric circulation and precipitation well, including the propagation of the Madden–Julian Oscillation, activities of tropical cyclones, and the characterization of extreme precipitation. These datasets contribute to the benchmark of current model behaviors for the desired continuity of CMIP.

关键词： CMIP6 AMIP FGOALS-f3-L MJO tropical cyclone extreme precipitation

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Aerosol characteristics over the Tibetan Plateau simulated with a coupled aerosol-climate model(FGOALS-f3-L)

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2021年第2期14卷 60-66页

作者： Min Zhao Tie Dai Hao Wang Bian He Qing bao yimin Liu Guangyu Shi State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fuid Dynaic hnstitire of AtmaopheriPhysiesChnese Academy of SscienceBeijing China Unversiry of Chdnese Acadenry of Sclences Belying China

This study presents the simulated aerosol spatiotemporal characteristics over the Tibetan Plateau(TP)with a newly developed coupled aerosol-climate model(FGOALS-f3-L).The aerosol properties are simulated over the TP for the period *** results indicate that soil dust,sulfate,and carbonaceous aerosols(black carbon(BC),organic carbon(OC)and BC/OC)account for 53.6%,32.2%,and 14.2%of the total aerosol mass over the TP,*** simulated aerosol surface mass concentrations and aerosol optical depths(AODs)are evaluated with ground-based and satellite observations,*** of the aerosol surface mass concentration are found at the Lhasa site,especially for BC and *** spatial distribution and interannual variation of AOD are consistent with MODIS observations,with the RMSE of 0.081 and bias of *** to the uncertainty of the parameterization of dust emissions,the model’s performance in summer and autumn is much better than that in spring.

关键词： Aerosol Tibetan Plateau FGOALS-f3-L Observation

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