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All-optical complex field imaging using diffractive processors

Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第6期13卷 1122-1139页

作者： Jingxi Li Yuhang Li Tianyi Gan che-Yung Shen Mona Jarrahi Aydogan Ozcan Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095USA Bioengineering Department University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095USA California nanoSystems Institute(CnSI) University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095USA

Complex field imaging,which captures both the amplitude and phase information of input optical fields or objects,can offer rich structural insights into samples,such as their absorption and refractive index ***,conventional image sensors are intensity-based and inherently lack the capability to directly measure the phase distribution of a *** limitation can be overcome using interferometric or holographic methods,often supplemented by iterative phase retrieval algorithms,leading to a considerable increase in hardware complexity and computational ***,we present a complex field imager design that enables snapshot imaging of both the amplitude and quantitative phase information of input fields using an intensity-based sensor array without any digital *** design utilizes successive deep learning-optimized diffractive surfaces that are structured to collectively modulate the input complex field,forming two independent imaging channels that perform amplitude-to-amplitude and phase-to-intensity transformations between the input and output planes within a compact optical design,axially spanning~100 *** intensity distributions of the output fields at these two channels on the sensor plane directly correspond to the amplitude and quantitative phase profiles of the input complex field,eliminating the need for any digital image reconstruction *** experimentally validated the efficacy of our complex field diffractive imager designs through 3D-printed prototypes operating at the terahertz spectrum,with the output amplitude and phase channel images closely aligning with our numerical *** envision that this complex field imager will have various applications in security,biomedical imaging,sensing and material science,among others.

关键词： field. utilize collective

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Reconfigurable logic and in-sensor encryption operations in an asymmetrically tunable van der Waals heterostructure

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nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 3113-3119页

作者： Fan Gong Wenjie Deng Yi Wu Fengming Liu Yihao Guo Zelin che Jingjie Li Jingzhen Li Yang Chai Yongzhe Zhang Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Technology of Education Ministry of China Faculty of Information TechnologyBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials Ministry of EducationFaculty of Materials and ManufacturingBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China Department of Applied Physics Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong KongChina

Reconfigurable devices can be used to achieve multiple logic operation and intelligent optical sensing with low power consumption,which is promising candidates for new generation electronic and optoelectronic integrated ***,the versatility is still limited and need to be extended by the device architectures ***,we report an asymmetrically gate two-dimensional(2D)van der Waals heterostructure with hybrid dielectric layer SiO_(2)/hexagonal boron nitride(h-Bn),which enable rich function including reconfigurable logic operation and in-sensor information encryption enabled by both volatile and non-volatile optoelectrical *** the partial gate is grounded,the non-volatile light assisted electrostatic doping endowed partially reconfigurable doping between n-type and p-type,which allow the switching of logic XOR and not implication(nIMP).When the global gate is grounded,additionally taking the optical signal as another input signal,logic AnD and OR is realized by combined regulation of the light and localized gate *** on the high on/off current ratio approaching 105 and reliable&switchable logic gate,in-sensor information encryption and decryption is demonstrated by manipulating the logic ***,these results provide strong extension for current reconfigurable electronic and optoelectronic devices.

关键词： in-sensor encryption reconfigurable logic van der Waals heterostructure asymmetrical tunable architecture

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Carbene-catalyzed enantioselective seleno-Michael addition as access to antimicrobial active Se-containing heterocycles

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Science China chemistry 2024年第7期67卷 2199-2205页

作者： Hongyan Long Sha Zhao Chunyan Jian Xiuli Wu Fengfei Lu Minghong Liao Fengrui che Xingxing Wu Yonggui Robin Chi State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural BioengineeringMinistry of EducationGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China School of chemistry Chemical Engineeringand BiotechnologyNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637371Singapore

Organoseleniums exhibit a diverse set of biological activities that are pivotal for drug discovery and are widely explored in synthetic chemistry and material *** many transformations have been developed for non-enantioselective C–Se bond formations,the catalyst-controlled stereoselective preparation of chiral organoseleniums continues to be of considerable *** particular,there are limited studies on the enantioselective seleno-Michael addition reactions to access chiral selenium functional ***,we disclose a carbene-catalyzed highly enantioselective nucleophilic C–Se bond construction through formal[3+3]annulations between selenocarboxamides and bromoenals,affording seleno-thiazinone products with good yields and excellent *** choice of a weak inorganic base was pivotal to suppressing the unproductive racemization and decomposition of the selenium ***,the catalytically generated chiral selenium-containing heterocyclic products feature remarkable antimicrobial activities that could serve as promising lead scaffolds for further agrochemical development.

关键词： seleno-Michael addition organocatalysis n-heterocyclic carbene seleno-heterocycles antimicrobial activity

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Reynosin protects neuronal cells from microglial neuroinflammation by suppressing nLRP3 inflammasome activation mediated by nADPH oxidase

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Chinese Journal of natural Medicines 2024年第6期22卷 486-500页

作者： YAnG Yanqiu che Yue FAnG Mingxia YAO Xiaohu ZHOU Di WAnG Feng chen Gang LIAnG Dong LI ning HOU Yue Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province College of Life and Health SciencesNorth-eastern UniversityShenyang 110000China national Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart IndustryMinistry of EducationNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110000China School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica Key Laboratory of Innovative Traditional Chinese Medicine for Major Chronic Diseases of Liaoning provinceKey Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang CityShenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyang 110000China State Key Laboratory for chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilin 541000China

neuroinflammation,mediated by the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing-3(nLRP3)inflammasome,is a significant contributor to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases(nDDs).Reynos-in,a natural sesquiterpene lactone(SL),exhibits a broad spectrum of pharmacological effects,suggesting its potential therapeutic ***,the effects and mechanism of reynosin on neuroinflammation remain *** current study explores the effects and mechanisms of reynosin on neuroinflammation using mice and BV-2 microglial cells treated with lipopolysaccharide(LPS).Our findings reveal that reynosin effectively reduces microglial inflammation in vitro,as demonstrated by decreased CD11b expression and lowered interleukin-1 beta(IL-1β)and interleukin-18(IL-18)mRnA and protein ***,in vivo,results showed a re-duction in the number of Iba-1 positive cells and alleviation of morphological alterations,alongside decreased expressions of IL-1βand *** analysis indicates that reynosin inhibits nLRP3 inflammasome activation,evidenced by reduced transcription of nLRP3 and caspase-1,diminished nLRP3 protein expression,inhibited apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD(ASC)oli-gomerization,and decreased caspase-1 ***,reynosin curtailed the activation of nicotinamide adenine dinuc-leotide phosphate(nADPH)oxidase,demonstrated by reduced nADP^(+)and nADPH levels,downregulation of gp91^(phox) mRnA,pro-tein expression,suppression of p47^(phox) expression and translocation to the ***,reynosin exhibited a neuroprotective effect against microglial inflammation in vivo and in *** collective findings underscore reynosin’s capacity to mitigate mi-croglial inflammation by inhibiting the nLRP3 inflammasome,thus highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent for managing neuroinflammation.

关键词： Microglia nLRP3 inflammasome Reactive oxygen species nADPH oxidase neuron Reynosin

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Performance study of vertical MSM solar-blind photodetectorsbased onβ-Ga_(2)O_(3)thin film

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2024年第2期31卷 17-27页

作者： chen Haifeng che Lujie Lu Qin Wang Shaoqing Liu Xiangtai Liu Zhanhang Guan Youyou Zhao Xu cheng Hang Han Xiaocong Zhang Xuhui School of Electronic Engineering Xi'an University of Posts and TelecommunicationsXi'an 710121China

In this work,β-Ga_(2)O_(3)thin films were grown on SiO_(2)substrate by atomic layer deposition(ALD)and annealed in n_(2)atmosphere to enhance the crystallization quality of the thin films,which were verified from X-rays diffraction(XRD).Based on the grownβ-Ga_(2)O_(3)thin films,vertical metal-semiconductor-metal(MSM)interdigital photodetectors(PDs)were fabricated and *** PDs have an ultralow dark current of 1.92 pA,ultra-high photo-to-dark current ratio(PDCR)of 1.7×10^(6),and ultra-high detectivity of 4.25×10^(14)Jones at a bias voltage of 10 V under 254 nm deep ultraviolet(DUV).Compared with the horizontal MSM PDs under the same process,the PDCR and detectivity of the fabricated vertical PDs are increased by 1000 times and 100 times,*** addition,the vertical PDs possess a high responsivity of 34.24 A/W and an external quantum efficiency of 1.67×10^(4)%,and also exhibit robustness and repeatability,which indicate excellent *** the effects of electrode size and external irradiation conditions on the performance of the vertical PDs continued to be investigated.

关键词： Ga_(2)O_(3) atomic layer deposition(ALD) annealing vertical metal-semiconductor-metal(MSM)interdigital photodetectors

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Green manuring relocates microbiomes in driving the soil functionality of nitrogen cycling to obtain preferable grain yields in thirty years

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 596-610页

作者： Guopeng Zhou Kunkun Fan Songjuan Gao Danna Chang Guilong Li Ting Liang Hai Liang Shun Li Jiudong Zhang Zongxian che Weidong Cao State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in northern China/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Institute of Soil&Fertilizer and Resource&Environment Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanchang 330200China Institute of Soil and Fertilizer and Water-saving Agriculture Gansu Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhou 730070China

Fertilizers are widely used to produce more food, inevitably altering the diversity and composition of soil organisms. The role of soil biodiversity in controlling multiple ecosystem services remains unclear, especially after decades of fertilization. Here, we assess the contribution of the soil functionalities of carbon(C), nitrogen(n), and phosphorus(P) cycling to crop production and explore how soil organisms control these functionalities in a 33-year field fertilization experiment. The long-term application of green manure or cow manure produced wheat yields equivalent to those obtained with chemical n, with the former providing higher soil functions and allowing the functionality of n cycling(especially soil n mineralization and biological n fixation) to control wheat production. The keystone phylotypes within the global network rather than the overall microbial community dominated the soil multifunctionality and functionality of C,n, and P cycling across the soil profile(0–100 cm). We further confirmed that these keystone phylotypes consisted of many metabolic pathways of nutrient cycling and essential microbes involved in organic C mineralization, n_(2)O release, and biological n fixation. The chemical n, green manure, and cow manure resulted in the highest abundances of amoB, nifH, and GH48 genes and nitrosomonadaceae,Azospirillaceae, and Sphingomonadaceae within the keystone phylotypes, and these microbes were significantly and positively correlated with n_(2)O release, n fixation, and organic C mineralization, respectively. Moreover, our results demonstrated that organic fertilization increased the effects of the network size and keystone phylotypes on the subsoil functions by facilitating the migration of soil microorganisms across the soil profiles and green manure with the highest migration rates. This study highlights the importance of the functionality of n cycling in controlling crop production and keystone phylotypes in regulating soil functions, an

关键词： soil biodiversity soil multifunctionality element cycling keystone phylotypes

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The role of FMO3 in metabolic diseases

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Traditional Medicine Research 2024年第9期9卷 42-50页

作者： Hui-Wen Ren He-Yuan Lu Hai-Bo Zhang Rui-Jing Zhang che Bian Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116044China College of Basic Medical Sciences Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116044China Department of nephrology Xijing HospitalThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an 710032China Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110032China

Flavin containing monooxygenase 3(FMO3)is a member of the flavin monooxygenase family,which can oxidize the precursor Trimethylamine(TMA)provided from food to produce Trimethylamine n-oxide(TMAO).The autosomal recessive inherited disease caused by partial functional loss of Fmo3 gene,which leads to excessive excretion of TMA in body fluids and emits fishy odor,is called Fish Odor Syndrome or *** disease has been documented for 3,000 years ago and was first reported in the case report in ***3 mainly exists in the liver and can participate in the TMA-TMAO metabolic balance in intestinal microorganisms,liver,and kidneys,closely related to insulin resistance,diabetes,cholesterol metabolism,and cardiovascular *** to its wide range of catalytic substrates and low susceptibility to metabolite accumulation,its role in drug metabolism,new drug development,and discovery of new drug targets are increasingly *** review will summarize the research progress on the metabolic process and localization of FMO3,congenital genetic defects,metabolic diseases,and its related possible mechanisms.

关键词： metabolic diseases FMO3 TMA TMAO

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Spatiotemporal variations in glacier area and surface velocity of the northern Antarctic Peninsula during 2018-2022

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第2期15卷 297-311页

作者： Yu-Long KAnG Shi-Chang KAnG Wan-Qin GUO Tao che Zong-Li JIAnG Zhen-Feng WAnG Qiang-Qiang XU cheng-De YAnG State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing of Gansu Province Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Earth Sciences and Spatial Information Engineering Hunan University of Science and TechnologyXiangtan 411201China

Ice sheet serves as a crucial indicator for assessing climate *** loss in recent remote sensing-based studies indicated that the Antarctic Peninsula has rapid rates of glacier retreat and speed up of surface ***,observations of seasonal variability of ice speed are limited,and glacier-area changes require multi-temporal *** study investigated the changes in area and surface velocities of∼375 glaciers on the northern Antarctic Peninsula(nAP)utilizing satellite images acquired by the Sentinel 1&2 satellites during *** results indicate that the glacier area reduced by approximately 166.1±44.2 km^(2)(-0.2%±0.1%per year)during the study period,with an acceleration after 2020(-0.4%±0.3%per year),and the most dramatic reduction happened on the eastern *** maximum annual ice speeds on the nAP generally exceeded 3500 m per year,while the ice speeds in 2021 were the highest(exceeded 4210 m per year).The ice speed variability in austral autumn was higher than in other seasons,meanwhile the summer ice speeds showed an increasing *** glacier G012158E47018n,Mcneile Glacier,glacier G299637E64094S and Drygalski Glacier showed the most remarkable ice speed variations represented by high daily velocities and strong fluctuations on their *** results demonstrated that the variations in glacier area and seasonal ice speed on the nAP were responsive to the ice-ocean-atmosphere ***,seasonal velocity and area variations should be considered when conducting accurate mass balance calculations,model validations and change mechanism analyses under climate warming scenarios.

关键词： Glacier area Seasonal ice speed Sentinel 1&2 northern Antarctic Peninsula Ice-ocean-atmosphere processes

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Inversion of maize leaf nitrogen using UAV hyperspectral imagery in breeding fields

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第3期17卷 144-155页

作者： Qiwen cheng Bingsun Wu Huichun Ye Yongyi Liang Yingpu che Anting Guo Zixuan Wang Zhiqiang Tao Wenwei Li Jingjing Wang School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China Rubber Research Institute Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesHaikou 571101China Key Laboratory of Earth Observation of Hainan Province Hainan Aerospace Information Research InstituteSanya 572029HainanChina Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science Aerospace Information Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100094China Institute of Crop Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

nitrogen(n)as a pivotal factor in influencing the growth,development,and yield of *** the n status of maize rapidly and non-destructive and real-time is meaningful in fertilization management of agriculture,based on unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)remote sensing *** this study,the hyperspectral images were acquired by UAV and the leaf nitrogen content(LnC)and leaf nitrogen accumulation(LnA)were measured to estimate the n nutrition status of maize.24 vegetation indices(VIs)were constructed using hyperspectral images,and four prediction models were used to estimate the LnC and LnA of *** models include a single linear regression model,multivariable linear regression(MLR)model,random forest regression(RFR)model,and support vector regression(SVR)***,the model with the highest prediction accuracy was applied to invert the LnC and LnA of maize in breeding *** results of the single linear regression model with 24 VIs showed that normalized difference chlorophyll(nDchl)had the highest prediction accuracy for LnC(R^(2),RMSE,and RE were 0.72,0.21,and 12.19%,respectively)and LnA(R^(2),RMSE,and RE were 0.77,0.26,and 14.34%,respectively).And then,24 VIs were divided into 13 important VIs and 11 unimportant *** prediction models for LnC and LnA were constructed using 13 important VIs,and the results showed that RFR and SVR models significantly enhanced the prediction accuracy of LnC and LnA compared to the multivariable linear regression model,in which RFR model had the highest prediction accuracy for the validation dataset of LnC(R^(2),RMSE,and RE were 0.78,0.16,and 8.83%,respectively)and LnA(R^(2),RMSE,and RE were 0.85,0.19,and 9.88%,respectively).This study provides a theoretical basis for n diagnosis and precise management of crop production based on hyperspectral remote sensing in precision agriculture.

关键词： maize nitrogen hyperspectral imagery vegetation index UAV random forest regression support vector regression

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Standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids in soybean meal fed to non-pregnant and pregnant sows

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 362-373页

作者： Ke Wang Ya Wang Lei Guo Yong Zhuo Lun Hua Lianqiang che Shengyu Xu Ruinan Zhang Jian Li Bin Feng Zhengfeng Fang Xuemei Jiang Yan Lin De Wu Institute of Animal nutrition Key Laboratory for Animal Disease‑Resistance Nutrition of ChinaMinistry of EducationSichuan Agricultural University211 Huimin RoadWenjiang DistrictChengdu 611130SichuanChina

Background Two studies were designed to determine standard ileal crude protein(CP)and amino acid(AA)digestibility of soybean meal(SBM)from different origins fed to non-pregnant and pregnant *** solvent-extracted SBMs from soybeans produced in the USA,Brazil,and China were *** Exp.1,eight different diets were created:a nitrogen(n)-free diet and 7 experimental diets containing SBM from different origins as the only n *** non-pregnant,multiparous sows were arranged in an 8×8 Latin square design(8 periods and 8 diets).In Exp.2,the diet formula was the same as in *** gestating sows(parity 3)were assigned to 4 different diets in a replicated 4×3 Youden square design(three periods and four diets)in mid-gestation and again in late-gestation *** When fed to non-pregnant and late-gestating sows,the standardized ileal digestibility(SID)of CP and most AAs from different SBM were not significantly different(P>0.05).When fed to mid-gestating sows,the SID values for Arg,His,Lys,Phe,Cys,Gly,Ser,and Tyr in SBM 1 were lower than in SBM 4 and 5(Pn in SBM 1 and 4(Pnd Asp from SBM 4 were lower than in SBM 1 and 5(Pnificantly greater SID values for Lys,Ala,and Asp during mid-gestation when compared with late-gestation stages(Png sows had greater SID value for Val and lower SID value for Tyr when compared with non-pregnant and late-gestating sows(Pnon-pregnant sows had significantly greater SID value for Met when compared with gestating sows(Pnclusions When fed to mid-gestating sows,the SID values for most AAs varied among SBM *** SID values for Lys,Met,Val,Ala,Asp,and Tyr in SBM were affected by sow gestation *** findings provide a cornerstone for accurate SBM use in sow diets.

关键词： Amino acids Sows Soybean meal Standardized ileal digestibility

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