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Neotethyan Ophiolites and Their Geodynamic Evolution During the Mesozoic: A Global Overview

Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2020年第S01期94卷 76-77页

作者： yildirim.dilek Miami University Oxford USA

Neotethyan ophiolites evolved in multiple seaways separated by Gondwana–derived ribbon continents within an eastward widening, latitudinal oceanic realm(Neotethys) throughout the Mesozoic. Opening and closure of these seaways were diachronous events, resulting in E–W variations in the timing of oceanic crust production and ophiolite emplacement. The Neotethyan ophiolites are highly diverse in their crustal–mantle structures and compositions, isotopic fingerprints, and sedimentary cover types, pointing to major differences in their mantle melt sources and tectonic and paleogeographic settings of magmatic construction(dilek and Furnes, 2019). The Jurassic Western Alpine and Ligurian ophiolites in Europe and their counterparts in southern and northern Iberia formed in a narrow basin(Western Tethys) that developed between Europe and North Africa–Adria–Iberia. Their peridotites represent exhumed, continental lithospheric mantle, and the ophiolites display a Hess–type oceanic crustal architecture with MORB geochemical signatures(dilek and Furnes, 2011). All these ophiolites were incorporated into continental margins from the downgoing oceanic lithosphere of the Western Tethys. Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous ophiolites east of Adria formed in different Neotethyan seaways(dilek et al., 1990), and their rift–drift, seafloor spreading and suprasubduction zone(SSZ) magmatic construction involved multiple episodes of melting, depletion and refertilization of previously or actively subduction metasomatized mantle sources. Deep mantle recycling processes through subduction zone tectonics and/or plume activities played a major role in their melt evolution, and in the incorporation of mantle transition zone(MTZ) materials into their peridotites(Fig. 1;dilek and Yang, 2018;Xiong et al., 2019). Tectonic mélanges structurally beneath these ophiolites include Permo–Triassic, OIB–type extrusive rocks, indicating that the initial dismantling of the Pangea supercontinent that led to th

关键词： Neotethyan ophiolites MORB ophiolites suprasubduction zone(SSZ)ophiolites trans–Tethyan subduction–accretion system slab rollback and forearc extension

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Four billion years of ophiolites reveal secular trends in oceanic crust formation

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Geoscience Frontiers 2014年第4期5卷 571-603页

作者： Harald Furnes Maarten de Wit yildirim.dilek Department of Earth Science and Centre for Geobiology University of BergenAllegt.415007 BergenNorway AEON and Earth Stewardship Science Research Institute Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University 7701Port Elizabeth 6031South Africa Department of Geology and Environmental Earth Science Miami University State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources and School of Earth Science and Mineral ResourcesChina University of Geosciences

We combine a geological, geochemical and tectonic dataset from 118 ophiolite complexes of the major global Phanerozoic orogenic belts with similar datasets of ophiolites from 111 Precambrian greenstone belts to construct an overview of oceanic crust generation over 4 billion years. Geochemical discrimi- nation systematics built on immobile trace elements reveal that the basaltic units of the Phanerozoic ophiolites are dominantly subduction-related （75%）, linked to backarc processes and characterized by a strong MORB component, similar to ophiolites in Precambrian greenstone sequences （85%）. The remaining 25% Phanerozoic subduction-unrelated ophiolites are mainly （74%） of Mid-Ocean-Ridge type （MORB type）, in contrast to the equal proportion of RiftlContinental Margin, Plume, and MORB type ophiolites in the Precambrian greenstone belts. Throughout the Phanerozoic there are large geochemical variations in major and trace elements, but for average element values calculated in 5 bins of 100 million year intervals there are no obvious secular trends. By contrast, basaltic units in the ophiolites of the Precambrian greenstones （calculated in 12 bins of 250 million years intervals）, starting in late Paleo- to early Mesoproterozoic （ca. 2.0-1.8 Ga）, exhibit an apparent decrease in the average values of incom- patible elements such as Ti, P, Zr, Y and Nb, and an increase in the compatible elements Ni and Cr with deeper time to the end of the Archean and into the Hadean. These changes can be attributed to decreasing degrees of partial melting of the upper mantle from HadeanJArchean to Present. The onset of geochemical changes coincide with the timing of detectible changes in the structural architecture of the ophiolites such as greater volumes of gabbro and more common sheeted dyke complexes, and lesser occurrences of ocelli （varioles） in the pillow lavas in ophiolites younger than 2 Ga. The global data from the Precambrian ophiolites, representative of nearly 50% of all known

关键词： Phanerozoic and Precambrian greenstonebeltsOphiolite classificationSubduction-related ophiolitesSubduction-unrelated ophiolitesPrecambrian plate tectonics

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Cretaceous magmatic arc in Hainan and the peri-South China Sea asevidenced by geochemical fingerprinting of granitoids in the region

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第5期15卷 355-371页

作者： Xiao-Yan Jiang yildirim.dilek Xian-Hua Li State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Department of Geology and Environmental Earth Science Miami UniversityOxfordOH 45056USA

Mesozoic magmatic rocks occur widely in the South China Block and are generally interpreted as the manifestations of the subduction of the Paleo-Pacific oceanic lithosphere beneath *** magmatism in southeast(SE)China continued from the Late Permian through the Late Cretaceous with an inferred lull between 125 Ma and 115 Ma that is known in the literature as the Cretaceous"magmatic quiescence".We report in-situ zircon U-Pb ages,Hf-O and whole-rock Sr-Nd isotopes,and whole-rock geochemistry of Cretaceous granitoids on Hainan Island and discuss their magmatic evolution within the framework of the Late Mesozoic geodynamics of SE *** recognize two main stages of the emplacement of Cretaceous granitoids on Hainan,first around 120 Ma and then around 100-95 Ma,displaying high-K calc-alkaline,I-type geochemical *** in both age groups are enriched in LILE and LREE,but depleted in Nb,Ta,Ba,Sr,and *** 120 Ma granites have zircon ε_(Hf)(t)values of-2.6 to 2.3 corresponding to Hf crustal model ages,ranging from 0.79 Ga to 1.03 Ga,and δ^(18)O values ranging from 6.9‰to 7.7‰.Zircons from 100-95 Ma granites have ε_(Hf)(t)values of-4.2 to 1.1 corresponding to Hf crustal model ages of 1.08 Ga to 1.42 Ga,and δ^(18)O values ranging from 6.7‰to 8.4‰.Increasing ε_(Hf)(t)values of the Cretaceous Hainan granites with younger crystallization ages indicate addition of more juvenile components and reworking of crustal material into their melt *** ε_(Nd)(t)values of the 120 Ma and 100-95 Ma granitoids range between-4.1 to-0.4 and-7.7 to-4.0,*** calculated two-stage model age of the 100-95 Ma granitoids clusters between 1.25 Ga and 1.53 *** isotopic data suggest that magmas of the Cretaceous granitoids were produced by partial melting of Mesoproterozoic metabasaltic rocks,which make up much of the crystalline basement of the southern Cathaysia *** geochemical and isotopic characteristics of the Cretaceous granitoids on H

关键词： I-type granites Cretaceous Hainan Island Southeast China Magmatic arc peri-South China Sea region

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Probing the Troodos Ophiolite:IGCP-649 Workshop and Field Excursion Held in Agros-Cyprus

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2016年第3期90卷 1041-1044页

作者： YANG Jingsui Julian PEARCE yildirim.dilek CARMA Instittute of GeologyCAGSBeijingChina Cardiff University UK Miami University USA

The second IGCP-649 Workshop, held in Agros-Cyprus during 14-20 May 2016, brought together nearly fifty international scientists from around the world, and included a 5-day field excursion on the classic Troodos ophiolite. Organized by the IGCP-649 Project Leadership and the Geological Survey Department of Cyprus, the workshop provided a forum for discussions on the latest views and interpretations on the petrogenesis of crustal and upper mantle peridotites in ophiolites, and introduced many young researchers and students to the intemal structure of the classical Troodos ophiolite. This was particularly the case for a large group of Chinese scholars and students, who visited Cyprus and the Troodos ophiolite for the first time. A 4-day profile across the complete ophiolite sequence gave these scientists a first- hand opportunity to examine the lithological and compositional variations within the Cretaceous oceanic crust and to study the igneous and tectonic contacts between them. Lively discussions by the experts and students in front of some of the best 3-dimensional outcrops were most fruitful and allowed all participants to compare the Troodos tectonics with some of ophiolites elsewhere. structure, geochemistry and the other well-documented

关键词： Probing the Troodos Ophiolite IGCP-649 Workshop and Field Excursion Held in Agros-Cyprus

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Diamond and Recycled Mantle:A New Perspective——Introduction of IGCP 649 Project

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2015年第3期89卷 1036-1038页

作者： YANG Jingsui yildirim.dilek Paul T.ROBINSON CARMA State Key Laboratory of Continental Tectonics and DynamicsInstitute of GeologyChinese Academy of Geological Sciences(CAGS) Department of Geology & Environmental Earth Science Miami University

The IGCP 649 project entitled ＂Diamonds and Recycled Mantle＂was approved by UNESCO and IUGS in March *** project is led by an international team of researchers,including *** Jingsui of Institute of Geology of CAGS（... 详细信息

关键词： IGCP Diamond and Recycled Mantle UHP

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Petrological and Os Isotopic Characteristics of Zedong Peridotites in the Eastern Yarlung–Zangbo Suture in Tibet

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2018年第2期92卷 442-461页

作者： LAI Shengmin YANG Jingsui yildirim.dilek XIONG Fahui JIANG Rui CHEN Yanhong School of Earth Science and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China CARMA Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China Department of Geology Shideler Hall Miami University Oxford OH 45056 USA Petro China Southwest Oil & Gasfield Company Engineering Technology Research Department Chengdu 618300 China

The Zedong ophiolites in the eastern Yarlung-Zangbo suture zone of Tibet represent a mantle slice of more than 45 km2. This massif consists mainly of mantle peridotites, with lesser gabbros, diabases and volcanic rocks. The mantle peridotites are mostly harzburgite, lherzolite; a few dike-like bodies of dunite are also present. Mineral structures show that the peridotites experienced plastic deformation and partial melting. Olivine （Fos9.7-91.2）, orthopyroxene （Enss-92）, clinopyroxene （En4-49Wo47-slFS2-4） and spinel [Mg^#=lOOxMg/（Mg＋Fe）]=49.1-70.7; Cr^#=（100xCr/（Cr＋Al）=18.8-76.5] are the major minerals. The degree of partial melting of mantle peridotites is 10%-40%, indicating that the Zedong mantle peridotites may experience a multi-stage process. The peridotites are characterized by depleted major element compositions and low REE content （0.08-0.62 ppm）. Their ＂spoon-shaped＂ primitivemantle normalized REE patterns with （La/Sm）N being 0.50-6.00 indicate that the Zedong ultramafic rocks belong to depleted residual mantle rocks. The PGE content of Zedong peridotites （18.19-50.74 ppb） is similar with primary mantle with Pd/Ir being 0.54-0.60 and Pt/Pd being 1.09-1.66. The Zedong peridotites have variable, unradiogenic Os isotopic compositions with 187Os/18Os=0.1228 to 0.1282. A corollary to this interpretation is that the convecting upper mantle is heterogeneous in Os isotopes. All data of the Zedong peridotites suggest that they formed originally at a mid-ocean ridge （MOR） and were later modified in supra-subduction zone （SSZ） environment.

关键词： Os isotopes Zedong peridotites Yarlung-Zangbo suture zone mid-ocean ridge (MOR),supra-subduction zone (SSZ)

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Geochemical Characterization of Intermediate to Silicic Rocks in the Global Ophiolite Record

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2017年第S1期91卷 8-9页

作者： yildirim.dilek Harald FURNES Department of Geology & Environmental Earth Science Miami University Dept.of Earth Science & Centre for Geobiology University of Bergen

Ophiolites consist predominantly of mafic-ultramafic rocks but also contain in subordinate amounts intermediate to silicic intrusive–extrusive rocks in *** rocks,although not in large volumes in comparison to mafic–ultramafic units,reveal significant clues about melt evolution,magmatic accretion processes,and partial melting of pre-existing oceanic crust during ophiolite *** also yield ample accessory minerals,such as zircon and monazite,which are widely used to date the timing of oceanic crust *** present a global synthesis of the occurrence of such leucocratic,intrusive and volcanic rocks from 150 Phanerozoic to Archean ophiolites,and evaluate models for their genesis during the development of oceanic crust in different tectonic *** the ophiolite complexes we have investigated,intrusive and extrusive rocks show a wide range in *** rocks（with Si O2 between 52and 63 wt.%）include andesite and diorite,whereas the silicic rocks（with Si O2 more than 63 wt.%）include dacite,trondhjemite,tonalite and *** subduction-relatedandsubduction-unrelated MORB-type ophiolites in the Phanerozoic orogenic belts,the most commonly reported intermediate to silicic intrusive rocks,independent of their original tectonic setting,are trondhjemite,plagiogranite and tonalite,and less commonly quartz-diorite and *** rock types have been documented from 80 percent of the 104ophiolites included in this *** to silicic lavas and/or pyroclastic rocks（basaltic andesite,andesite,dacite and rhyolite）are less abundant,and have been reported from only 35 percent of the 104 *** occurs in some of the Rift/Continental Margintype,subduction-unrelated ophiolitesEvolvedrocksinsubduction-unrelated,Rift/Continental Margin ophiolites are predominantly basaltic andesite and andesite,whereas MOR type（mid-ocean ridge）ophiolites exhibit nearly equal proportions of basaltic andesite/andesite and rhyodacite and

关键词： Si Geochemical Characterization of Intermediate to Silicic Rocks in the Global Ophiolite Record

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Application of the modern ophiolite concept with special reference to Precambrian ophiolites

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Science China Earth Sciences 2011年第3期54卷 315-341页

作者： Timothy M. KUSKY WANG Lu yildirim.dilek Paul ROBINSON PENG SongBai HUANG XuYa State Key Lab for Geological Processes and Mineral Resources Three Gorges Research Center for Geohazards Ministry of Education China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China Department of Geology Miami University Oxford OH 45056 USA Department of Earth Sciences Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada

Much has been learned in the past 40 years about the great diversity of the internal structure and geochemical compositions of Phanerozoic ophiolites, indicating that these on-land fragments of ancient oceanic lithosphere formed in distinctly different tectonic settings during their igneous evolution. Recent studies in Archean and Proterozoic greenstone belts have shown that the Precambrian rock record may also include exposures of a diverse suite of ophiolite complexes as part of craton development in the early history of the Earth. We review the salient features of the Precambrian ophiolite record to highlight what has been learned about Precambrian oceanic spreading systems since the original Penrose definition of ophiolites in 1972. Some of the diagnostic, characteristic, typical, and rare aspects of ophiolites of all ages are presented in a table in order to help determine if tectonically deformed and metamophosed sequences in Precambrian shield areas may be considered as ophiolites. The results of this comparative study are important in that they enable researchers to more realistically characterize allochthonous mafic/ultramafic rock sequences as ophiolitic or non-ophiolitic. This approach is more deterministic in contrast to some other arbitrary classification schemes requiring three or four of the Penrose-style ophiolitic units to be present in the Precambrian record for a specific rock sequence to be considered ophiolitic. Once these tectonic fragments are recognized as remnants of ancient oceanic lithosphere, great progress shall be made in understanding early Earth history. We discuss the significance and implications of the Precambrian ophiolite record to constrain the mode and nature of the plate tectonics that operated in deep time.

关键词： ophiolite Precambrian craton greenstone belt

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Crustal Architecture,Geochemistry and Geochronology of the Ophiolites and Ophiolitic Mélanges in Southeastern Anatolia

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2016年第S1期90卷 236-237页

作者： Ender SARIFAKIOGLU yildirim.dilek Remzi AKSU Mustafa SEVIN General Directorate of Mineral Research&Exploration Geology Department Miami University Dept.of Geology and Env.Earth Science Turkish Petroleum Corporation

The Neotethyan ophiolites exposed in SE Anatolia–Syria occur along two,ENE-WSW-trending,sub-parallel belts(Fig.1).The ophiolites and ophiolitic mélanges in the southern belt include the Cretaceous K?z?lda?(Hatay),

关键词： ppm rock Crustal Architecture,Geochemistry and Geochronologyofthe Ophiolitesand Ophiolitic M langesin Southeastern Anatolia

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Diamonds Discovered from High–Cr Podiform Chromitites of Bulqiza,Eastern Mirdita Ophiolite,Albania

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2017年第2期91卷 455-468页

作者： XIONG Fahui YANG Jingsui ROBINSON Paul T. dilek yildirim MILUSHI Ibrahim XU Xiangzhen ZHOU Wenda ZHANG Zhongming RONG He CARMA Key Laboratory for Continental Tectonics andDynamicsInstitute of GeologyChinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China Department of Geology&Environmental Earth Science 116 Shideler Hall Miami University Oxford 45056 OHUSA Institute of Geosciences EnergyWater and EnvironmentPolytechnic University of TIRANAAlbania Faculty of Earth Sciences China University of GeoscienceWuhan 430074HubeiChina

Various combinations of diamond, moissanite, zircon, corundum, rutile and titanitehave been recovered from the Bulqiza chromitites. More than 10 grains of diamond have been recovered, most of which are pale yellow to reddish–orange to colorless. The grains are all 100–300 μm in size and mostly anhedral, but with a range of morphologies including elongated, octahedral and subhedral varieties. Their identification was confirmed by a characteristic shift in the Raman spectra between 1325 cm-1 and 1333 cm-1, mostly at 1331.51 cm-1 or 1326.96 cm-1. This investigation extends the occurrence of diamond and moissanite to the Bulqiza chromitites in the Eastern Mirdita Ophiolite. Integration of the mineralogical, petrological and geochemical data of the Bulqiza chromitites suggests their multi–stage formation. Magnesiochromite grains and perhaps small bodies of chromitite formed at various depths in the upper mantle, and encapsulated the ultra–high pressure, highly reduced and crustal minerals. Some oceanic crustal slabs containing the magnesiochromite and their inclusion were later trapped in suprasubduction zones, where they were modified by tholeiitic and boninitic arc magmas, thus changing the magnesiochromite compositions and depositing chromitite ores in melt channels.

关键词： Diamond Multi–stage formation Bulqiza chromitite Ophiolite Albania Proto-Tethys

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