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The 2022 Extreme Heatwave in Shanghai,Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River Valley:Combined Influences of Multiscale Variabilities

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第4期41卷 593-607页

作者： Ping LIANG Zhiqi ZHANG yihui ding Zeng-Zhen HU Qi CHEN Key Laboratory of Cities’Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change in Shanghai Shanghai Regional Climate CenterChina Meteorological AdministrationShanghai 200030China National Climate Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Climate Prediction Center NCEP/NWS/NOAACollege ParkMD 20740USA

In the summer of 2022,China(especially the Yangtze River Valley,YRV)suffered its strongest heatwave(HW)event since *** this study,we examined the influences of multiscale variabilities on the 2022 extreme HW in the lower reaches of the YRV,focusing on the city of *** found that about 1/3 of the 2022 HW days in Shanghai can be attributed to the long-term warming trend of global *** mid-summer of 2022,an enhanced western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH)and anomalous double blockings over the Ural Mountains and Sea of Okhotsk,respectively,were associated with the persistently anomalous high pressure over the YRV,leading to the extreme *** Pacific Decadal Oscillation played a major role in the anomalous blocking pattern associated with the HW at the decadal time ***,the positive phase of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation may have contributed to regulating the formation of the double-blocking *** warming of both the warm pool of the western Pacific and tropical North Atlantic at the interannual time scale may also have favored the persistency of the double blocking and the anomalously strong *** the subseasonal time scale,the anomalously frequent phases 2-5 of the canonical northward propagating variability of boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation associated with the anomalous propagation of a weak Madden-Julian Oscillation suppressed the convection over the YRV and also contributed to the ***,the 2022 extreme HW originated from multiscale forcing including both the climate warming trend and air-sea interaction at multiple time scales.

关键词： extreme heatwave multiscale variability air-sea interaction warming trend Yangtze River Valley Shanghai

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高电压电力系统的规划设计方案分析

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集成电路应用 2024年第7期41卷 284-285页

作者：丁逸辉苏州三新供电服务有限公司常熟分公司梅李供电所江苏215500

阐述高压电力系统规划设计的特点,探讨高压电力系统规划设计方案,包括加强用电负荷评估、电源规划、输电系统空间布局以及线路规划设计、电力负荷预测和分析、并网规划设计、应急规划。

关键词：高压电力系统规划设计负荷评估

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Changes in Atmospheric Circulation during the Winter Regional Extreme Cold Events over China since 1960

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2023年第5期37卷 589-603页

作者： Dongxue FU yihui ding School of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044 Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 Jilin Climate Center Changchun 130062 National Climate Centre China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081

The number of days with occurrence of winter regional extreme cold events(RECEs) in China was found more during 1960/1961–1985/1986(period 1), less during 1986/1987–2005/2006(period 2), but more again during2006/2007–2017/2018(period 3). So far, the differences in the atmospheric circulation favoring RECEs among these three periods are unclear. In this paper, changes in atmospheric circulation during the RECEs over China are examined by using composite analysis based on the station observed temperature data and NCEP–NCAR reanalysis data in winters of 1960/1961–2017/2018. The results show:(1) the stratospheric polar vortex was more active and tended to split before the outbreak of RECEs in period 3 than that in other two periods. The shift of the stratospheric polar vortex to Eurasia helped the upper Arctic cold air to affect the lower latitudes.(2) The troposphere was characterized by a typical or significant three-wave pattern before the outbreak of RECEs in period 2, in contrast to a weakened three-wave pattern in period 1. Compared to periods 1 and 2, the Okhotsk blocking high was stronger in period 3, contributing to the inverted omega-shaped circulation pattern in East Asia–North Pacific section and a shift of global pattern from three-wave to two-wave. The weakened three-wave or two-wave circulation pattern was manifested by the stronger Ural/Okhotsk blocking high, conducive to the strengthening of the meridional circulation and the occurrence of RECEs in East Asia.(3) The Siberian high was the strongest in period 3, followed by period 1, and it was the weakest in period 2. Before the outbreak of RECEs, the Siberian high in period 3 began to intensify one week earlier than that in periods 1 and 2. Thus, the accumulation time of cold air mass in period 3 was the longest. In summary, the synergism of atmospheric circulation at high and low levels in periods 1 and 3 was more conducive to more and strong RECEs than that in period 2. Moreover, the split of the stra

关键词： regional extreme cold events interdecadal variation polar vortex blocking high East Asian trough

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Impact of the Return Flow on Heavy Pollution in Winter over the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2023年第3期37卷 370-386页

作者： Mei MEI yihui ding Zunya WANG Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences China Meteorological Administration(CMA)Beijing 100081 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 Laboratory for Climate Studies/CMA–NJU Joint Laboratory for Climate Prediction Studies National Climate CentreChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 National Climate Centre China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081

In North China,the return flow(RF)refers to the airflow at the rear of an inshore high pressure,bringing southerly wind to the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei(BTH)region when the high pressure pushes deeper from coast into the *** studies have pointed out the significant contribution of southerly anomalies to the transport and accumulation of pollutants in the BTH ***,the relationship between RF and heavy pollution episodes(HPEs)in the BTH region requires more in-depth analysis,and this study will focus on this *** objectively identifying RFs and HPEs based on the ERA5 reanalysis data and observed hourly PM_(2.5)concentration data during 9 winters of 2012–2020,it is found that almost two-thirds of the HPEs in the BTH region coincide with the occurrence of *** northward transport of warm and humid air is stronger in the HPEs under RF conditions,whereas the sinking motion and the decrease in boundary layer height dominate the HPEs without any *** then classify the RFs into north and south types by a demarcation line of 32°*** types of RFs are featured with a zonal circulation pattern,stable atmosphere,and southerly airflow favoring the development of HPEs,but the south type RFs bring warmer and wetter air masses to the BTH region,forming a more stable and thicker inversion layer and causing more severe *** occurrences of the RF,low-level winds are observed to accelerate,and the ageostrophic wind components contribute mainly to this *** the presence of RFs,the kinetic energy generation at the high level decreases,and the weakened downward transport results in weak low-level northerly winds,weak turbulence,and a shallow boundary layer,thus hindering the diffusion of atmospheric pollutants in the BTH region.

关键词： the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region return flow heavy pollution episode PM2.5

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Impact of the Western Pacific Tropical Easterly Jet on Tropical Cyclone Genesis Frequency over the Western North Pacific

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第2期39卷 235-248页

作者： Ruifen ZHAN Yuqing WANG yihui ding Department of Atmospheric and Ocean Sciences Institute of Atmospheric SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Shanghai Typhoon Institute of China Meteorological Administration Shanghai 200030China Innovation Center of Ocean and Atmosphere System Zhuhai Fudan Innovation Research InstituteZhuhai 519055China International Pacific Research Center and Department of Atmospheric Sciences School of Ocean and Earth Science and TechnologyUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHawaiiHI 96822USA National Climate Center and Laboratory for Climate Studies China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China

Although it is well known that the tropical easterly jet(TEJ)has a significant impact on summer weather and climate over India and Africa,whether the TEJ exerts an important impact on tropical cyclone(TC)activity over the western North Pacific(WNP)remains *** this study,we examined the impact of the TEJ on the interannual variability of TC genesis frequency over the WNP in the TC season(June-September)during *** results show a significant positive correlation between TC genesis frequency over the WNP and the jet intensity in the entrance region of the TEJ over the tropical western Pacific(in brief WP_TEJ),with a correlation coefficient as high as *** intensified WP_TEJ results in strong ageostrophic northerly winds in the entrance region and thus upper-level divergence to the north of the jet axis over the main TC genesis region in the *** would lead to an increase in upward motion in the troposphere with enhanced low-level convergence,which are the most important factors to the increases in low-level vorticity,mid-level humidity and low-level eddy kinetic energy,and the decreases in sea level pressure and vertical wind shear in the *** these changes are favorable for TC genesis over the WNP and vice *** analyses indicate that the interannual variability of the WP_TEJ intensity is likely to be linked to the local diabatic heating over the Indian Ocean-western Pacific and the central Pacific El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation.

关键词： tropical cyclones genesis frequency tropical easterly jet western North Pacific

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Interdecadal Variability of Summer Precipitation in Northwest China and Associated Atmospheric Circulation Changes

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2022年第6期36卷 824-840页

作者： Tong XUE yihui ding Chunhui LU Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 CMA Climate Studies Key Laboratory China Meteorological Administration(CMA)Beijing 100081 National Climate Centre China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 CMATraining Centre China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081

Daily precipitation data from 149 rain gauge stations in China and NCEP-NCAR reanalysis data during 1961-2018are used to investigate the interdecadal variability of summer precipitation in Northwest China and related *** results suggest that,on the interdecadal timescale,Northwest China shifts into a rainy period from the year 1987,with an increase in the precipitation amount and intensity;an increase in the probability of moderate rain,heavy rain,torrential rain,and extremely heavy rain;and a decrease in the probability of light *** than 60%of the increase in precipitation can be attributed to rainfall with intensity above the grade of heavy *** associated interdecadal variability of atmospheric circulations over midlatitude Eurasia in summer is examined and it is found that the interdecadal variability is mainly characterized by the Silk Road pattern(SRP),with a cyclonic circulation anomaly and an anticyclonic circulation anomaly over central Asia and Mongolia,respectively;enhanced ascending motion and atmospheric instability in Northwest China;and strengthened easterly winds caused by the Mongolian anticyclonic anomaly along the northern boundary of the Tibetan *** the south side of the Mongolian anticyclone,the water vapor transported from the Pacific and Indian Oceans as well as the South China Sea to Northwest China by easterly winds increases significantly,providing the main water vapor source for the increase in precipitation in Northwest China on the interdecadal *** transition of the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation to a positive phase may be the main cause of the interdecadal transition of the SRP to a positive phase,resulting in the interdecadal increase in summer precipitation in Northwest China.

关键词： Northwest China precipitation interdecadal variability Silk Road pattern Atlantic multidecadal oscillation

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Long-term trend of water vapor over the Tibetan Plateau in boreal summer under global warming

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Science China Earth Sciences 2022年第4期65卷 662-674页

作者： Jingwen YU Qingquan LI yihui ding Jie ZHANG Qingyuan WU Xinyong SHEN Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters/Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory on Climate and Environment ChangeNanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Laboratory for Climate Studies National Climate CenterChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519082China

In this study,the long-term trend of water vapor over the Tibetan Plateau(TP)in boreal summer is investigated by using observation and reanalysis data from 1979 to *** historical experiment simulations of 19 models that participated in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6(CMIP6)are evaluated,and the future variation tendency under four emission scenarios is *** results indicate that the water vapor content and the net water vapor budget over the TP show notable increasing trends,which are mainly manifested by a significant increase in the net water vapor import and a significant decrease in the water vapor export on the eastern boundary of the *** is mainly due to an anomalous anticyclone from Lake Baikal to the Mongolian *** CMIP6 multi-model ensemble can well simulate the variation characteristics of the TP net water vapor *** projection results indicate that by the end of the twenty-first century,the water vapor content,the net water vapor import and precipitation over the TP will *** a high-emissions scenario and compared with the current period(1991–2014),these three variables will increase by 47.99%,59.77%and 18.59%in the long term(2081–2100),*** significant enhancement of meridional water vapor transport over the northern TP may be the main reason for the increase in humidity over the TP.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Boreal summer Water vapor transport Long-term trend Projection

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Understanding human influence on climate change in China

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National Science Review 2022年第3期9卷 128-143页

作者： Ying Sun Xuebin Zhang yihui ding Deliang Chen Dahe Qin Panmao Zhai National Climate Center Laboratory for Climate Studies Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science &Technology Climate Research Division Environment and Climate Change Canada Department of Earth Sciences University of Gothenburg China Meteorological Administration State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences

China’s climate has been warming since the 1950s, with surface air temperature increasing at a rate higher than the global average. Changes in climate have exerted substantial impacts on water resources,agriculture, ecosystems and human health. Attributing past changes to causes provides a scientific foundation for national and international climate policies. Here, we review recent progress in attributing the observed climate changes over past decades in China. Anthropogenic forcings, dominated by greenhouse gas emissions, are the main drivers for observed increases in mean and extreme temperatures. Evidence of the effect of anthropogenic forcings on precipitation is emerging. Human influence has increased the probability of extreme heat events, and has likely changed the occurrence probabilities for some heavy precipitation events. The way a specific attribution question is posed and the conditions under which the question is addressed present persistent challenges for appropriately communicating attribution results to non-specialists.

关键词： human influence detection and attribution climate change climate extremes

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Influence of Major Stratospheric Sudden Warming on the Unprecedented Cold Wave in East Asia in January 2021

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第4期39卷 576-590页

作者： Yingxian ZHANG Dong SI yihui ding Dabang JIANG Qingquan LI Guofu WANG National Climate Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Climate Change Research Center Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

An unprecedented cold wave intruded into East Asia in early January 2021 and led to record-breaking or historical extreme low temperatures over vast *** study shows that a major stratospheric sudden warming(SSW)event at the beginning of January 2021 exerted an important influence on this cold *** major SSW event occurred on 2 January 2021 and subsequently led to the displacement of the stratospheric polar vortex to the East Asian ***,the SSW event induced the stratospheric warming signal to propagate downward to the mid-to-lower troposphere,which not only enhanced the blocking in the Urals-Siberia region and the negative phase of the Arctic Oscillation,but also shifted the tropospheric polar vortex off the *** displaced tropospheric polar vortex,Ural blocking,and another downstream blocking ridge over western North America formed a distinct inverted omega-shaped circulation pattern(IOCP)in the East Asia-North Pacific *** IOCP was the most direct and impactful atmospheric pattern causing the cold wave in East *** IOCP triggered a meridional cell with an upward branch in East Asia and a downward branch in *** meridional cell intensified the Siberian high and low-level northerly winds,which also favored the invasion of the cold wave into East ***,the SSW event and tropospheric circulations such as the IOCP,negative phase of Arctic Oscillation,Ural blocking,enhanced Siberian high,and eastward propagation of Rossby wave eventually induced the outbreak of an unprecedented cold wave in East Asia in early January 2021.

关键词： cold wave stratospheric sudden warming polar vortex Ural blocking Siberian high

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Three-Dimensional Urban Thermal Effect across a Large City Cluster during an Extreme Heat Wave:Observational Analysis

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2022年第3期36卷 387-400页

作者： Yue MA Ping LIANG Sue GRIMMOND Xuchao YANG Jun LYU yihui ding Key Laboratory of Cities’Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change in Shanghai Shanghai Regional Climate CenterChina Meteorological AdministrationShanghai 200030China Shanghai Jiading District Meteorological Bureau Shanghai 201800China Department of Meteorology University of ReadingReading RG66ETUnited Kingdom Ocean College Zhejiang UniversityZhoushan 316021China Jiangsu Meteorological Information Center Jiangsu Meteorological BureauNanjing 210008China National Climate Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China

Given extensive and rapid urbanization globally,assessing regional urban thermal effects(UTE)in both canopy and boundary layers under extreme weather/climate conditions is of significant *** population and economic growth in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD)have made it one of the largest city clusters in ***,we explore the three-dimensional(3D)UTE in the YRD using multi-source observations from high-resolution automatic weather stations,radiosondes,and eddy covariance sensors during the record-setting heat wave(HW)of July-August *** is found that the regional canopy layer UTE is up to 0.6-1.2℃,and the nocturnal UTE(0.7-1.6℃)is larger than daytime UTE(0.2-0.5℃)during the *** regional canopy layer UTE is enhanced and expanded northwards,with some rural sites contaminated by the urban influences,especially at *** the boundary layer,the strengthened regional UTE extends vertically to at least 925 hPa(~750 m)during this *** strengthened 3D UTE in the YRD is associated with an enlarged Bowen ratio difference between urban and non-urban *** findings about the 3D UTE are beneficial for better understanding of the thermal environment of large city clusters under HW and for more appropriate adaption and mitigation strategies.

关键词： urban thermal effect three-dimensional Yangtze River Delta heat wave

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