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Generative AI for visualization: State of the art and future directions

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Visual Informatics 2024年第2期8卷 43-66页

作者： Yilin Ye jianing Hao yihan Hou Zhan Wang Shishi Xiao Yuyu Luo Wei Zeng The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Guangzhou) GuangzhouGuangdongChina The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina

Generative AI(GenAI)has witnessed remarkable progress in recent years and demonstrated impressive performance in various generation tasks in different domains such as computer vision and computational *** researchers have attempted to integrate GenAI into visualization framework,leveraging the superior generative capacity for different ***,recent major breakthroughs in GenAI like diffusion models and large language models have also drastically increased the potential of *** a technical perspective,this paper looks back on previous visualization studies leveraging GenAI and discusses the challenges and opportunities for future ***,we cover the applications of different types of GenAI methods including sequence,tabular,spatial and graph generation techniques for different tasks of visualization which we summarize into four major stages:data enhancement,visual mapping generation,stylization and *** each specific visualization sub-task,we illustrate the typical data and concrete GenAI algorithms,aiming to provide in-depth understanding of the state-of-the-art GenAI4VIS techniques and their ***,based on the survey,we discuss three major aspects of challenges and research opportunities including evaluation,dataset,and the gap between end-to-end GenAI methods and *** summarizing different generation algorithms,their current applications and limitations,this paper endeavors to provide useful insights for future GenAI4VIS research.

关键词： Visualization Generative AI

O-glycosylation in viruses:A sweet tango

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mLife 2024年第1期3卷 57-73页

作者： Annan Ming jianxin Zhao yihan Liu Yibo Wang Xiaohui Wang j.ng Li Leiliang Zhang Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University JinanChina Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center Shandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinanChina Bej.ng Key Laboratory of DnA Damage Response and College of Life Sciences Capital Normal UniversityBeijingChina Laboratory of Chemical Biology Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunChina School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina Bej.ng national Laboratory for Molecular Sciences BeijingChina

O-glycosylation is an ancient yet underappreciated protein posttranslational modification,on which many bacteria and viruses heavily rely to perform critical biological functions involved in numerous infectious diseases or even *** due to the innate complexity of O-glycosylation,research techniques have been limited to study its exact role in viral attachment and entry,assembly and exit,spreading in the host cells,and the innate and adaptive immunity of the ***,the advent of many newly developed methodologies(e.g.,mass spectrometry,chemical biology tools,and molecular dynamics simulations)has renewed and rekindled the interest in viral-related O-glycosylation in both viral proteins and host cells,which is further fueled by the COVID-19 *** this review,we summarize recent advances in viral-related O-glycosylation,with a particular emphasis on the mucin-type O-linkedα-n-acetylgalactosamine(O-GalnAc)on viral proteins and the intracellular O-linkedβ-n-acetylglucosamine(O-GlcnAc)modifications on host *** hope to provide valuable insights into the development of antiviral reagents or vaccines for better prevention or treatment of infectious diseases.

关键词： immune response O-GalnAc O-GlcnAc O-glycosylation virus

The impact of maternal immune activation on the morphology and electrophysiological properties of postnatally-born neurons in the offspring

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neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 399-400页

作者： Emilio j.Galván Angelica Zepeda Departamento de Farmacobiología CINVESTAV Unidad Sur CdMxMéxico、Centro de Investigaciones sobre el EnvejecimientoCIE-CinvestavCdMxMéxico Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental Instituto de Investigaciones BiomédicasUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoUNAMCdMxMéxico

Pregnancy comes with a combination of physical changes and physiological immunosuppression that increases the susceptibility of women to pathogens and in turn,rises the prevalence of infectious diseases.

关键词： prevalence activation impact

Wettability,reactivity,and interface structure in Mg/ni system

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journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第2期12卷 659-672页

作者： S.Terlicka n.Sobczak Ł.Maj P.Darłak j.j.Sobczak Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science Polish Academy of Sciences25 Reymonta Str.KrakowPoland Faculty of Foundry Engineering AGH University23 Reymonta Str.KrakowPoland

The sessile drop method was applied to the experimental investigation of the wetting and spreading behaviors of liquid Mg drops on pure ni *** comparison,the experiments were performed in two variants:(1)using the Capillary Purification(CP)procedure,which allows the non-contact heating and squeezing of a pure oxide-free Mg drop;(2)by classical Contact Heating(CH)*** high-temperature tests were performed under isothermal conditions(CP:760℃for 30 s;CH:715℃for 300 s)using Ar+5 wt%H_(2) *** the sessile drop tests,images of the Mg/ni couples were recorded by CCD cameras(57 fps),which were then applied to calculate the contact angles of metal/substrate *** and transmission electron microscopy analyses,both coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,were used for detailed structural characterization of the solidified *** was found that an oxide-free Mg drop obtained by the CP procedure showed a wetting phenomenon on the ni substrate(an average contact angleθnng and good wetting over the ni substrate(θ_((CP))~20°in 5 s)to form a final contact angle ofθ_(f(CP))~18°.In contrast,a different wetting behavior was observed for the CH procedure,where the unavoidable primary oxide film on the Mg surface blocked the spreading of liquid Mg showing apparently non-wetting behavior after 300 s contact at the test ***,in both cases,the deep craters formed in the ni substrates under the Mg drops and significant change in the structure of initially pure Mg drops to Mg-ni alloys suggest a strong dissolution of ni in liquid Mg and apparent values of the final contact angles measured for the Mg/ni system.

关键词： Magnesium-based alloys Sessile drop tests Capillary purification procedure Wettability Reactivity Contact angle

A hydrodynamic modelling of wave-activated bodies for wavelet marine regions

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Clean Energy 2024年第2期8卷 35-47页

作者： j.S.Peh Mohammed W.Muhieldeen n.H.Shuaib Mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringTechnology&Built EnvironmentUCSI UniversityKuala Lumpur56000Malaysia MTC Engineer Sdn.Bhd Shah AlamSelangorMalaysia

Recently,most wave energy research has targeted sea areas with high power density under extreme wave conditions for *** trend often leads to higher energy costs for wave power ***,many marine areas with low power density,characterized by wavelet conditions and less destructive forces than extreme wave conditions,remain ***,this study aimed to propose a wave-activated body model for sea regions with wavelet *** wave-activated body design process encompassed site selection,parameter determination,geometry design,comparison and performance evaluation using the AnSYS®AQWA *** results indicated that the proposed device achieved the desired heave motion,with an amplitude range of 1.2 to-2.5 m,validating its potential for deployment in marine regions with wavelet ***,while the proposed design is optimized for wavelet conditions,it was found to have potential limitations in extreme wave *** observation emphasizes the challenge of formulating a generalized design suitable for both ***,it is pivotal for wave-activated body designs to be customized based on the specific ocean conditions they target,underscoring the need for specialized designs of wave energy converters that consider the unique wave characteristics of their deployment sites.

关键词： wave energy converter South China sea renewable and sustainable energy wavelet AnSYS AQWA hydrodynamic wave-activated bodies

Unmixing detrital zircon U-Pb ages reveals tectonic and climatic depositional influences on the Carboniferous Ansilta Formation,Calingasta-Uspallata Basin,Western Argentina

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第4期15卷 61-77页

作者： j.R.Malone j.E.Malone j.L.Isbell D.H.Malone j.P.Craddock K.n.Pauls Department of Geological Sciences Jackson School of GeosciencesUniversity of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA Iowa Geological Survey University of IowaIowa CityIA 52240USA Department of Geosciences University of Wisconsin-MilwaukeeMilwaukeeWI 53211USA Department of Geography Geology and the EnvironmentIllinois State UniversityNormalIL 61790-4400USA

The Late Paleozoic Ice Age(LPIA)was a principal control of sedimentation across Gondwana from the late Devonian through early *** assess the hypothesis that glacial to interglacial transitions in western Argentina were the primary control influencing sediment routing patterns among the various Carboniferous-Permian basins in western *** Carboniferous Ansilta Formation consists of glaciomarine,nearshore,and fluvial systems deposited during the LPIA along the eastern margin of the Calingasta-Uspallata Basin in *** lower,glacially influenced succession of the Ansilta Formation records at least five glacial advances;the upper succession of consists of progradational shallow marine,deltaic,and fluvial *** combine 1225 new U-Pb zircon ages from six samples of the Carboniferous Ansilta Formation in the Calingasta-Uspallata Basin with 5864 U-Pb ages from 147 pub-lished samples in the detrital Pymix forward mixture model to characterize provenance *** the glacially influenced lower Ansilta Formation,sediment was derived locally from the Protoprecordillera,which was a prominent highland with alpine glaciers flowing west and east into the Calingasta-Uspallata and Paganzo basins,***,there was little or no connection between these two basins during Serpukhovian-Bashkirian *** fluvial/deltaic upper Ansilta had distal sediment sources in the Sierras ***,our results support the collapse of the Protoprecordillera topographic barrier,enabling drainage patterns connecting the Paganzo and Calingasta-Uspallata basins by late Pennsylvanian-early Permian time.

关键词： Late Paleozoic Ice Age Argentina Calingasta-Uspallata Basin Ansilta Formation Detrital zircon provenance

Mucopolysaccharidosis typeⅢB:a current review and exploration of the AAV therapy landscape

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neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 355-359页

作者： Courtney j.Rouse Victoria n.j.nsen Coy D.Heldermon Lacerta Therapeutics AlachuaFLUSA University of Florida College of Medicine GainesvilleFLUSA

Mucopolysaccharidoses typeⅢB is a rare genetic disorder caused by mutations in the gene that encodes for *** results in the aggregation of heparan sulfate polysaccharides within cell lysosomes that leads to progressive and severe debilitating neurological *** treatment options are expensive,limited,and presently there are no approved cures for mucopolysaccharidoses typeⅢ***-associated virus gene therapy has significantly advanced the field forward,allowing researchers to successfully design,enhance,and improve potential *** group recently published an effective treatment using a codon-optimized triple mutant adeno-associated virus 8 vector that restores n-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase levels,auditory function,and lifespan in the murine model for mucopolysaccharidoses typeⅢB to that seen in healthy ***,we review the current state of the field in relation to the capsid landscape,adeno-associated virus gene therapy and its successes and challenges in the clinic,and how novel adenoassociated virus capsid designs have evolved research in the mucopolysaccharidoses typeⅢB field.

关键词： adeno-associated virus central nervous system gene therapy heparan sulfate immune response mucopolysaccharidoses type IIIB n-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase newborn screening

n6-methyladenosine reader hnRnPA2B1 recognizes and stabilizes nEAT1 to confer chemoresistance in gastric cancer

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Cancer Communications 2024年第4期44卷 469-490页

作者： jiayao Wang jiehao Zhang Hao Liu Lingnan Meng Xianchun Gao yihan Zhao Chen Wang Xiaoliang Gao Ahui Fan Tianyu Cao Daiming Fan Xiaodi Zhao Yuanyuan Lu State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and national Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases Xijing Hospital of Digestive DiseasesFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxiP.R.China The Air Force Hospital of Southern Theater Command GuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China national Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting TheranosticsGuangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiP.R.China Second Clinical College Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineXianyangShaanxiP.R.China College of Life Sciences Northwest UniversityXi’anShaanxiP.R.China

Background:Chemoresistance is a major cause of treatment failure in gas-tric cancer(GC).Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2B1(hnRnPA2B1)is an n6-methyladenosine(m6A)-binding protein involved in a variety of ***,whether m6A modification and hnRnPA2B1 play a role in GC chemoresistance is largely *** this study,we aimed to investigate the role of hnRnPA2B1 and the downstream mechanism in GC ***:The expression of hnRnPA2B1 among public datasets were analyzed and validated by quantitative PCR(qPCR),Western blotting,immunoflu-orescence,and immunohistochemical *** biological functions of hnRnPA2B1 in GC chemoresistance were investigated both in vitro and in *** sequencing,methylated RnA immunoprecipitation,RnA immunoprecipi-tation,and RnA stability assay were performed to assess the association between hnRnPA2B1 and the binding *** role of hnRnPA2B1 in maintenance of GC stemness was evaluated by bioinformatic analysis,qPCR,Western blotting,immunofluorescence,and sphere formation *** expression patterns of hnRnPA2B1 and downstream regulators in GC specimens from patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy were analyzed by RnAscope and multiplex ***:Elevated expression of hnRnPA2B1 was found in GC cells and tis-sues,especially in multidrug-resistant(MDR)GC cell *** expression of hnRnPA2B1 was associated with poor outcomes of GC patients,especially in those who received 5-fluorouracil *** hnRnPA2B1 effectively sensitized GC cells to chemotherapy by inhibiting cell proliferation and induc-ing apoptosis both in vitro and in ***,hnRnPA2B1 interacted with and stabilized long noncoding RnA nEAT1 in an m6A-dependent ***,hnRnPA2B1 and nEAT1 worked together to enhance the stemness properties of GC cells via Wnt/β-catenin signaling *** clin-ical specimens from GC patients subjected to chemotherapy,the expression levels of hnRnPA2B1

关键词： chemoresistance gastric cancer hnRnPA2B1 nEAT1 stemness

Mathematical modeling and simulations of stress mitigation by coating polycrystalline particles in lithium-ion batteries

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第6期45卷 947-962页

作者： n.IQBAL j.CHOI S.F.SHAH C.LEE S.LEE Department of Mechanical Roboticsand Energy EngineeringDongguk University-SeoulSeoul 04620Republic of Korea

A chemo-mechanical model is developed to investigate the effects on the stress development of the coating of polycrystalline ni-rich LinixMnyCo_(z)O_(2)(x≥0.8)(nMC)particles with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)(PEDOT).The simulation results show that the coating of primary nMC particles significantly reduces the stress generation by efficiently accommodating the volume change associated with the lithium diffusion,and the coating layer plays roles both as a cushion against the volume change and a channel for the lithium transport,promoting the lithium distribution across the secondary particles more ***,the lower stiffness,higher ionic conductivity,and larger thickness of the coating layer improve the stress *** paper provides a mathematical framework for calculating the chemo-mechanical responses of anisotropic electrode materials and fundamental insights into how the coating of nMC active particles mitigates stress levels.

关键词： lithium-ion battery(LIB) polycrystalline particle coating finite element simulation ni-rich LinixMnyCo_(z)O_(2)(x>0.8)(nMC)