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3'-Sialyllactose regulates glucose and lipid metabolic disorders via the gut–liver axis in mice fed a high-fat die

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Wei zhang Meizhen Zhu Kelsang Dekyi Linxi Zheng yichen zhang Youping Lv Dongbei Guo Xiaoxuan Chen Lili Pan Xinyue Wang Hongwei Li State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory School of Public Health Xiamen University State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research Xiamen University Department of Nutrition Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen) Fudan University Xiamen Clinical Research Center for Cancer Therapy

Recent research has indicated that sialic acid， such as free sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic acid， Neu5Ac) and bound sialic acid (3'-sialyllactose， 3'-SL)， can ameliorate disorders associated with glycolipid metabolism， although the underlying mechanisms have yet to be determined. We examined the effects of 3'-SL on glycolipid metabolism in mice fed a high-fat diet. Male C57BL/6J mice were divided into six groups: two model control groups (normal and high-fat diets) and four intervention groups [Neu5Ac， and low-，moderate-， and high-dose 3'-SL]. After 8 weeks of continuous gavage intervention， mice in the 3'-SL intervention groups had lower body weight and total fat content; reduced fasting blood glucose， triglycerides， low-density lipoproteins and oxidized-low-density lipoproteins; and increased high-density lipoproteins，but no dosage-dependent of 3'-SL intervention was found， 3’-SL＿M intervention as optimal for further exploration. 3'-SL intervention could increase respiratory exchange ratio， energy expenditure， and amount of exercise performed. 3'-SL increased the colonic abundances of Akkermansia， Lactobacillus， and Bacteroides， and reduced those of Erysipelatoclostridium， Faecalibaculum， and Aldercreutzia. Changes were also observed in colonic metabolites， and liver gene transcript and metabolites， which were mainly enriched in bile secretion， taurine and hypotaurine metabolism， and insulin resistance. Additionally， 3'-SL was observed to regulate genes associated with physiological rhythms， including clock， per2， cry1， and bhihe41. Collectively， our findings indicate that 3'-SL can contribute to the prevention and control of disorders associated with glucose and lipid metabolism caused by high-fat diets. Compared with Neu5Ac， 3'-SL intervention can ameliorate intestinal flora disorders， enhance bile acid circulation， increase tissue energy expenditure， and reduce lipid synthesis， thereby promoting lipid-lowering effects mediated via the liver–gut axis， and can also enhance energy metabolism and alleviate diso

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CAV driving safety monitoring and warning via V2X-based edge computing system

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Frontiers of Engineering Management 2024年第1期11卷 107-127页

作者： Cheng CHANG Jiawei zhang Kunpeng zhang yichen ZHENG Mengkai SHI Jianming HU Shen LI Li LI Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China College of Electrical Engineering Henan University of TechnologyZhengzhou 450001China Nebula Link Technology Co. Ltd.Beijing 100080China Department of Civil Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Driving safety and accident prevention are attracting increasing global interest.Current safety monitoring systems often face challenges such as limited spatiotemporal coverage and accuracy,leading to delays in alerting drivers about potential hazards.This study explores the use of edge computing for monitoring vehicle motion and issuing accident warnings,such as lane departures and vehicle collisions.Unlike traditional systems that depend on data from single vehicles,the cooperative vehicle-infrastructure system collects data directly from connected and automated vehicles(CAVs)via vehicle-to-everything communication.This approach facilitates a comprehensive assessment of each vehicle’s risk.We propose algorithms and specific data structures for evaluating accident risks associated with different CAVs.Furthermore,we examine the prerequisites for data accuracy and transmission delay to enhance the safety of CAV driving.The efficacy of this framework is validated through both simulated and real-world road tests,proving its utility in diverse driving conditions.

关键词： driving safety accident prevention connected and automated vehicles edge computing

Digital twin modeling and controlling of optical power evolution enabling autonomous-driving optical networks:a Bayesian approach

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第2期6卷 69-80页

作者： Xiaomin Liu Yihao zhang Yuli Chen yichen Liu Meng Cai Qizhi Qiu Mengfan Fu Lilin Yi Weisheng Hu Qunbi Zhuge Shanghai Jiao Tong University State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and NetworksDepartment of Electronic EngineeringShanghaiChina

Optical networks are evolving toward ultrawide bandwidth and autonomous operation.In this scenario,it is crucial to accurately model and control optical power evolutions(OPEs)through optical amplifiers(OAs),as they directly affect the signal-to-noise ratio and fiber nonlinearities.However,a fundamental contradiction arises between the complex physical phenomena in optical transmission and the required precision in network control.Traditional theoretical methods underperform due to ideal assumptions,while data-driven approaches entail exorbitant costs associated with acquiring massive amounts of data to achieve the desired level of accuracy.In this work,we propose a Bayesian inference framework(BIF)to construct the digital twin of OAs and control OPE in a data-efficient manner.Only the informative data are collected to balance the exploration and exploitation of the data space,thus enabling efficient autonomous-driving optical networks(ADONs).Simulations and experiments demonstrate that the BIF can reduce the data size for modeling erbium-doped fiber amplifiers by 80%and Raman amplifiers by 60%.Within 30 iterations,the optimal controlling performance can be achieved to realize target signal/gain profiles in links with different types of OAs.The results show that the BIF paves the way to accurately model and control OPE for future ADONs.

关键词： optical fiber communications digital twin Bayesian inference optical amplifiers autonomous-driving optical networks

Thermo-Flow Performances for the Main-Auxiliary Integrated Natural Draft Dry Cooling System

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第3期33卷 1010-1025页

作者： zhang Zongyang HOU yichen ZHOU Hanyu JIA He CHEN Lei KONG Yanqiang WANG Weijia YANG Lijun DU Xiaoze Key Laboratory of Power Station Energy Transfer Conversion and System of Ministry of Education School of Energy Power and Mechanical EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China

Recently,natural draft dry cooling system with the main-auxiliary integrated air-cooled heat exchangers in the up and lower layers,has drawn attention to the electric power industry.This research firstly develops two physical models for the integrated cooling system,namely Case A and Case B.In Case A,the main air-cooled heat exchanger is arranged in the upper layer and the auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger arranged in the lower layer,while in Case B,the two heat exchanger systems are arranged in the opposite way.And then,directing at the engineering TMCR and TRL 1 working conditions,the unit-local-overall thermo-flow characteristics of Case A and Case B are obtained and compared by numerical simulation.The findings show that,for the auxiliary air-cooled exchanger,Case A has obviously higher cooling performances than Case B,with the difference varying from 5.46%to 7.55%.Whereas,for the main air-cooled exchanger,Case B shows the recovered cooling performances,with the difference changing from 1.15%to 2.99%.Case A is preferably recommended to the engineering application in consideration of more strict cooling demand of the auxiliary cooling system.Conclusively,this research will provide some theoretical guidelines for the design and construction of the main-auxiliary integrated natural draft dry cooling system.

关键词： integrated dry cooling system main air-cooled heat exchanger auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger upper layer and lower layer thermo-flow performances

Real-time tracking of fast-moving object in occlusion scene

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2024年第3期35卷 741-752页

作者： LI Yuran LI yichen zhang Monan YU Wenbin GUAN Xinping Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Key Laboratory of Systems Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education of ChinaShanghai 200240China

Tracking the fast-moving object in occlusion situations is an important research topic in computer vision. Despite numerous notable contributions have been made in this field,few of them simultaneously incorporate both object's extrinsic features and intrinsic motion patterns into their methodologies,thereby restricting the potential for tracking accuracy improvement. In this paper, on the basis of efficient convolution operators(ECO) model, a speed-accuracy-balanced model is put forward. This model uses the simple correlation filter to track the object in real-time, and adopts the sophisticated deep-learning neural network to extract high-level features to train a more complex filter correcting the tracking mistakes, when the tracking state is judged to be poor. Furthermore, in the context of scenarios involving regular fast-moving, a motion model based on Kalman filter is designed which greatly promotes the tracking stability, because this motion model could predict the object's future location from its previous movement pattern. Additionally,instead of periodically updating our tracking model and training samples, a constrained condition for updating is proposed,which effectively mitigates contamination to the tracker from the background and undesirable samples avoiding model degradation when occlusion happens. From comprehensive experiments, our tracking model obtains better performance than ECO on object tracking benchmark 2015(OTB100), and improves the area under curve(AUC) by about 8% and 32% compared with ECO, in the scenarios of fast-moving and occlusion on our own collected dataset.

关键词： speed-accuracy balanced motion modeling constrained updater

Accelerated initiation of oblique detonation induced by disturbance in detonative zone

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2023年第11期36卷 153-164页

作者： yichen zhang Gaoxiang XIANG Jia YU Ke JIN Kek Boon GOH Institute of Extreme Mechanics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710129China Research and Development Institute Northwestern Polytechnical University in ShenzhenShenzhen 518057China Innovation Center NPU Chongqing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityChongqing 401135China School of Aerospace Science and Technology Xidian UniversityXi’an 710126China Department of Mechanical Engineering School of EngineeringMonash University MalaysiaSelangor 47500Malaysia

In the real flow for high altitude,the initiation mechanism of the oblique detonation involves the coupling of complex wave structures and combustion waves,which may result in the phenomenon of extinction.The approach of stable initiation is one of the key factors that restricting the oblique detonation engine from theory to practice.The wave structure,initiation characteristics and characteristic parameters of the flow field are analyzed,the two-dimensional Euler equation considering the detailed chemical reactions of multi-component are solved.First,the approaches of blunt bump and transverse jet are combined used to shorten the detonation distance of the oblique detonation.Results show that these methods can promote the accelerated initiation of the oblique detonation effectively,and the detonation distance can be shortened more than 90%.There are two wave structures induced by the blunt bump:weak coupled and strong coupled,adding the transverse jet promotes the transition between these two wave structures.Then,the shape of the bump and the characteristic parameters of the transverse jet are optimized.The streamline-shape bump can eliminate the recirculation zone formed after the circle bump and the ellipse bump.The transverse jet will produce an oblique detonation wave at the front of the jet position,which changes the wave structure and initiation mode of the oblique detonation wave.It is expected to reveal the accelerated initiation mechanism of oblique detonation under the induction zone disturbance and complex flow environment,deepen the understanding of the detonation law of oblique detonation wave under real flow conditions,and provide a scientific basic for the development of the combustor of the oblique detonation engine.

关键词： Acetylene Oblique detonation Initiation acceleration Blunt bump Transverse jet Numerical simulation

Deep Active Learning for Solvability Prediction in Power Systems

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2022年第6期10卷 1773-1777页

作者： yichen zhang Jianzhe Liu Feng Qiu Tianqi Hong Rui Yao Argonne National Laboratory LemontIL 60439USA IEEE

Traditional methods for solvability region analysis can only have inner approximations with inconclusive conservatism and handle limited types of power flow models.In this letter,we propose a deep active learning framework for solvability prediction in power systems.Compared with passive learning where the training is performed after all instances are labeled,active learning selects most informative instances to be labeled and therefore significantly reduces the size of the labeled dataset for training.In the active learning framework,the acquisition functions,which correspond to different sampling strategies,are defined in terms of the on-the-fly posterior probability from the classifier.First,the IEEE 39-bus system is employed to validate the proposed framework,where a two-dimensional case is illustrated to visualize the effectiveness of the sampling method followed by the high-dimensional numerical experiments.Then,the Northeast Power Coordinating Council(NPCC)140-bus system is used to validate the performance on large-scale power systems.

关键词： Active learning deep learning power flow solvability power flow equation

Population amount risk assessment of extreme precipitation-induced landslides based on integrated machine learning model and scenario simulation

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第3期14卷 163-179页

作者： Guangzhi Rong Kaiwei Li Zhijun Tong Xingpeng Liu Jiquan zhang yichen zhang Tiantao Li School of Environment Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China Key Laboratory for Vegetation Ecology Ministry of EducationChangchun 130117China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun 130117China School of Emergency Management Changchun Institute of TechnologyChangchun 130012China Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu 610059China State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geo Environment Protection Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China

In this study,the future landslide population amount risk(LPAR)is assessed based on integrated machine learning models(MLMs)and scenario simulation techniques in Shuicheng County,China.Firstly,multiple MLMs were selected and hyperparameters were optimized,and the generated 11 models were crossintegrated to select the best model to calculate landslide susceptibility;by calculating precipitation for different extreme precipitation recurrence periods and combining the susceptibility results to assess the landslide hazard.Using the town as the basic unit,the exposure and vulnerability of the future landslide population under different Shared Socioeconomic Pathways(SSPs)scenarios in each town were assessed,and then combined with the hazard to estimate the LPAR in 2050.The results showed that the integrated model with the optimized random forest model as the combination strategy had the best comprehensive performance in susceptibility assessment.The distribution of hazard classes is similar to susceptibility,and with an increase in precipitation,the low-hazard area and high-hazard decrease and shift to medium-hazard and very high-hazard classes.The high-risk areas for future landslide populations in Shuicheng County are mainly concentrated in the three southwestern towns with high vulnerability,whereas the northern towns of Baohua and Qinglin are at the lowest risk class.The LPAR increased with the intensity of extreme precipitation.The LPAR differs significantly among the SSPs scenarios,with the lowest in the“fossil-fueled development(SSP5)”scenario and the highest in the“regional rivalry(SSP3)”scenario.In summary,the landslide susceptibility model based on integrated machine learning proposed in this study has a high predictive capability.The results of future LPAR assessment can provide theoretical guidance for relevant departments to cope with future socioeconomic development challenges and make corresponding disaster prevention and mitigation plans to prevent landslide risks from a developmental perspective.

关键词： Landslide population amount risk assessment Integrated Machine Learning Extreme precipitation scenarios Future socioeconomic development scenarios

Experimental observation of multiple topological nodal structure in LaSb_(2)

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第4期67卷 138-145页

作者： Yuxi Qiao Fuyi Wang Huaiqiang Wang Zicheng Tao Zhicheng Jiang Zhengtai Liu Soohyun Cho Fayuan zhang Qingkai Meng Wei Xia yichen Yang Zhe Huang Jishan Liu Zhonghao Liu Zengwei Zhu Shan Qiao Yanfeng Guo Haijun zhang Dawei Shen State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050China National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory and School of Nuclear Science and TechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures School of PhysicsNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China School of Physics and Technology Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210China Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China ShanghaiTech Laboratory for Topological Physics ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Institute of High-Pressure Physics School of Physical Science and Technology Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Unconventional fermions in the immensely studied topological semimetals are the source for rich exotic topological properties.Here,using symmetry analysis and first-principles calculations,we propose the coexistence of multiple topological nodal structure in LaSb_(2),including topological nodal surfaces,nodal lines and in particular eightfold degenerate nodal points,which have been scarcely observed in a single material.Further,utilizing angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy,we confirm the existence of nodal surfaces and eightfold degenerate nodal points in LaSb_(2).The intriguing multiple topological nodal structure might play a crucial role in giving rise to the large linear magnetoresistance.Our work renews the insights into the exotic topological phenomena in LaSb_(2).

关键词： eightfold degenerate points multiple topological nodal structure angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy linear unsaturated magnetoresistance