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Exosomes as promising frontier approaches in future cancer therapy

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2025年第1期17卷 28-33页

作者： Fatt-Yang Chew Chin-Hung Tsai Kuang-Hsi Chang Yu-Kang Chang Ruey-Hwang Chou yi-jui liu Department of Medical Imaging China Medical University HospitalTaichung 404TaiwanChina Department of Radiology School of MedicineChina Medical UniversityTaichung 404TaiwanChina Department of Cancer Center Tungs’Taichung MetroHarbor HospitalTaichung 435TaiwanChina Department of Chest Medicine Tungs’Taichung MetroHarbor HospitalTaichung 435TaiwanChina Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine College of MedicineNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung 402TaiwanChina Department of Medical Research Tungs’Taichung MetroHarbor HospitalTaichung 435TaiwanChina Center for General Education China Medical UniversityTaichung 404TaiwanChina General Education Center Jen-Teh Junior College of MedicineNursing and ManagementMiaoli 356TaiwanChina Department of Nursing Jen-Teh Junior College of MedicineNursing and ManagementMiaoli 356TaiwanChina Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences China Medical UniversityTaichung 404TaiwanChina Center for Molecular Medicine China Medical University HospitalTaichung 404TaiwanChina Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology Asia UniversityTaichung 413TaiwanChina Department of Automatic Control Engineering Feng Chia UniversityTaichung 407TaiwanChina

In this editorial,we will discuss the article by Tang et al published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Gastrointestinal *** explored an innovative approach to enhancing gemcitabine(GEM)delivery and efficacy using human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(HU-BMSCs)-derived *** manufacture of GEM-loaded HU-BMSCs-derived exosomes(Exo-GEM)has been *** Tang et al’s study demonstrated that Exo-GEM exhibits enhanced cytotoxicity and apoptosis-inducing effects compared to free GEM,highlighting the potential of exosome-based drug delivery systems as a more effective and targeted approach to chemotherapy in pancreatic *** in vivo studies are required to confirm the safety and effectiveness of Exo-GEM before it can be considered for clinical use.

关键词： Mesenchymal stem cells Exosomes Gemcitabine Pancreatic cancer Apoptosis

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Spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy from multi-port to reducedport surgery approach

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2023年第7期15卷 1501-1511页

作者： Ching-Lung Hsieh Tung-Sheng Tsai Cheng-Ming Peng Teng-Chieh Cheng yi-jui liu Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Feng Chia UniversityTaichung 40724TaiwanChina Department of Surgery Chung Shan Medical University HospitalTaichung 40201TaiwanChina PhD Program of Electrical and Communications Engineering Feng Chia UniversityTaichung 40724Taiwan School of Medicine Chung Shan Medical UniversityTaichung 40201Taiwan Da Vinci Minimally Invasive Surgery Center Chung Shan Medical University HospitalTaichung 40201Taiwan Department of Automatic Control Engineering Feng Chia UniversityTaichung 407Taiwan

BACKGROUND Minimally invasive pancreatic surgery via the multi-port approach has become a primary surgical method for distal pancreatectomy(DP)due to its advantages of lower wound pain and superior cosmetic *** studies have applied reduced-port techniques for DP in an attempt to enhance cosmetic outcomes due to the minimally invasive *** recent review studies have compared multi-port laparoscopic DP(LDP)and multi-port robotic DP(RDP);most of these studies concluded multi-port RDP is more beneficial than multi-port LDP for spleen ***,there have been no comprehensive reviews of the value of reduced-port LDP and reduced-port *** To search for and review the studies on spleen preservation and the clinical outcomes of minimally invasive DP that compared reduced-port DP surgery with multi-port DP *** The PubMed medical database was searched for articles published between 2013 and *** search terms were implemented using the following Boolean search algorithm:(“distal pancreatectomy”OR“left pancreatectomy”OR“peripheral pancreatic resection”)AND(“reduced-port”OR“single-site”OR“single-port”OR“dual-incision”OR“single-incision”)AND(“spleen-preserving”OR“spleen preservation”OR“splenic preservation”).A literature review was conducted to identify studies that compared the perioperative outcomes of reduced-port LDP and reduced-port *** Fifteen articles published in the period from 2013 to 2022 were retrieved using three groups of search *** studies were added after manually searching the related ***,10 papers were selected after removing case reports(n=3),non-English language papers(n=1),technique papers(n=1),reviews(n=1),and animal studies(n=1).The common items were defined as items reported in more than five papers,and data on these common items were extracted from all *** ten studies included a total of 337 patients(females/males:231/106)who underwent *** total,166 patients(females/male

关键词： Minimally invasive surgery Robotic distal pancreatectomy Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy Spleen preservation Reduced-port Multi-port

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Benefits and drawbacks of radiofrequency ablation via percutaneous or minimally invasive surgery for treating hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第11期16卷 3400-3407页

作者： Ching-Lung Hsieh Cheng-Ming Peng Chun-Wen Chen Chang-Hsien liu Chih-Tao Teng yi-jui liu Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Feng Chia UniversityTaichung 40724Taiwan Department of Surgery Chung Shan Medical University HospitalTaichung 40201Taiwan School of Medicine Chung Shan Medical UniversityTaichung 40201Taiwan Department of Radiology Taichung Armed Forces General HospitalTaichung 406Taiwan Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences Central Taiwan University of Science and TechnologyTaichung 406Taiwan Department of Radiology School of MedicineNational Defense Medical CenterTaipei 11490Taiwan Department of Medical Imaging China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital and China Medical UniversityHsinchu 302Taiwan Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Science National Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu 300Taiwan Department of Radiology Nantou Hospital of the Ministry of Health and WelfareNantou 540Taiwan Master’s Program of Biomedical Informatics and Biomedical Engineering Feng Chia UniversityTaichung 407Taiwan Department of Automatic Control Engineering Feng Chia UniversityTaichung 407Taiwan

The management of early stage hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)presents significant *** radiofrequency ablation(RFA)has shown safety and effectiveness in treating HCC,with lower mortality rates and shorter hospital stays,its high recurrence rate remains a significant ***,achieving improved survival solely through RFA is challenging,particularly in retrospective studies with inherent *** is commonly used for guiding percutaneous RFA,but its low contrast can lead to missed tumors and the risk of HCC *** enhance the efficiency of ultrasound-guided percutaneous RFA,various techniques such as artificial ascites and contrast-enhanced ultrasound have been developed to facilitate complete tumor *** invasive surgery(MIS)offers advantages over open surgery and has gained traction in various surgical *** studies suggest that laparoscopic intraoperative RFA(IORFA)may be more effective than percutaneous RFA in terms of survival for HCC patients unsuitable for surgery,highlighting its ***,combining MIS-IORFA with these enhanced percutaneous RFA techniques may hold greater significance for HCC treatment using the MIS-IORFA *** article reviews liver resection and RFA in HCC treatment,comparing their merits and proposing a trajectory involving their combination in future therapy.

关键词： Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation Minimally invasive surgery Hepatocellular carcinoma Intraoperative radiofrequency ablation Contrast-enhanced ultrasound

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Bowel preparation before colonoscopy: Consequences, mechanisms, and treatment of intestinal dysbiosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第2期31卷 13-26页

作者： Ze-Long Zheng Qing-Fan Zheng Li-Qiang Wang yi liu Department of Gastroenterology(Endoscopy Center) China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130033Jilin ProvinceChina

The term“gut microbiota”primarily refers to the ecological community of various microorganisms in the gut,which constitutes the largest microbial community in the human *** adequate bowel preparation can improve the results of colonoscopy,it may interfere with the gut *** preparation for colonoscopy can lead to transient changes in the gut microbiota,potentially affecting an individual’s health,especially in vulnerable populations,such as patients with inflammatory bowel ***,measures such as oral pro-biotics may ameliorate these adverse *** focused on the bowel prepa-ration-induced changes in the gut microbiota and host health status,hypothesized the factors influencing these changes,and attempted to identify measures that may reduce dysbiosis,thereby providing more information for individualized bowel preparation for colonoscopy in the future.

关键词： Bowel preparation Colonoscopy Microbiota Inflammatory bowel disease Probiotics

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PI3K/AKT signaling and neuroprotection in ischemic stroke:molecular mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2758-2775页

作者： Tianlong liu Xiaolin Li Xiaowei Zhou Wei Chen Aidong Wen Minna liu yi Ding Department of Pharmacy Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxi ProvinceChina Department of Pharmacy The 940 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Forces of Chinese PLALanzhouGansu ProvinceChina Department of Pharmacy The 944 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Forces of Chinese PLAJiuquanGansu ProvinceChina Department of Nephrology The 940 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Forces of Chinese PLALanzhouGansu ProvinceChina

It has been reported that the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway plays a key role in the pathogenesis of ischemic *** a result,the development of drugs targeting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway has attracted increasing attention from *** article reviews the pathological mechanisms and advancements in research related to the signaling pathways in ischemic stroke,with a focus on the PI3K/AKT signaling *** key findings include the following:(1)The complex pathological mechanisms of ischemic stroke can be categorized into five major types:excitatory amino acid toxicity,Ca^(2+)overload,inflammatory response,oxidative stress,and apoptosis.(2)The PI3K/AKT-mediated signaling pathway is closely associated with the occurrence and progression of ischemic stroke,which primarily involves the NF-κB,NRF2,BCL-2,mTOR,and endothelial NOS signaling pathways.(3)Natural products,including flavonoids,quinones,alkaloids,phenylpropanoids,phenols,terpenoids,and iridoids,show great potential as candidate substances for the development of innovative anti-stroke medications.(4)Recently,novel therapeutic techniques,such as electroacupuncture and mesenchymal stem cell therapy,have demonstrated the potential to improve stroke outcomes by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway,providing new possibilities for the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with ischemic *** investigations should focus on the direct regulatory mechanisms of drugs targeting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and their clinical translation to develop innovative treatment strategies for ischemic stroke.

关键词： apoptosis autophagy inflammation ischemic stroke neuroprotection oxidative stress pathogenesis phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase protein kinase B therapeutics

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Lipomatous ependymoma with ZFTA:RELA fusion-positive:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第1期13卷 48-55页

作者： Xiao-Yu Zhao Juan-Han Yu yi-Hua Wang yi-Xin liu Lu Xu Lin Fu Ning yi China Medical University The First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110001Liaoning ProvinceChina Department of Pathology The First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110001Liaoning ProvinceChina Anshan Cancer Hospital Anshan 114000Liaoning ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Ependymoma with lipomatous differentiation is a rare type of *** ZFTA fusion-positive supratentorial ependymoma is a novel tumor type in the 2021 World Health Organization classification of central nervous system *** fusion-positive lipomatous ependymoma has not been reported to *** SUMMARY We reported a case of a 15-year-old Chinese male who had a sudden convulsion lasting approximately six *** resonance imaging showed a round cystic shadow of approximately 1.9 cm×1.5 cm×1.9 cm under the right parieto-occipital *** examination showed characteristic perivascular pseudorosettes and adipose differentiation in the ***-chemical staining showed that the tumor cells were negative for cytokeratin,NeuN,Syn and p53,but positive for GFAP,vimentin and S-100 ***-ficant punctate intracytoplasmic EMA immunoreactivity was *** level of Ki-67 was about 5%.Genetic analysis revealed ZFTA:RELA fusion.A cranio-tomy with total excision of the tumor was *** follow-up time was 36 months,no evidence of disease recurrence was found in magnetic resonance *** Based on these findings,the patient was diagnosed as a ependymoma with ZFTA fusion and lipomatous *** case report provides information on the microscopic morphological features of ependymoma with ZFTA fusion and lipomatous differentiation,which can help pathologists to make a definitive diagnosis of this tumor.

关键词： Ependymoma Lipomatous Molecular classification Supratentorial ZFTA:RELA fusion Case report

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Decreased levels of phosphorylated synuclein in plasma are correlated with poststroke cognitive impairment

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2598-2610页

作者： yi Wang Yuning Li Yakun Gu Wei Ma Yuying Guan Mengyuan Guo Qianqian Shao Xunming Ji Jia liu Department of Clinical Laboratory Beijing Bo’ai HospitalChina Rehabilitation Research CenterCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders Laboratory of Brain DisordersMinistry of Science and TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center for Brain DisordersBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision MedicineCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Neurosurgery Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Poststro ke cognitive impairment is a major secondary effect of ischemic stroke in many patients;however,few options are available for the early diagnosis and treatment of this *** aims of this study were to(1)determine the specific relationship between hypoxic andα-synuclein during the occur of poststroke cognitive impairment and(2)assess whether the serum phosphorylatedα-synuclein level can be used as a biomarker for poststro ke cognitive *** found that the phosphorylatedα-synuclein level was significantly increased and showed pathological aggregation around the cerebral infa rct area in a mouse model of ischemic *** addition,neuronalα-synuclein phosphorylation and aggregation were observed in the brain tissue of mice subjected to chronic hypoxia,suggesting that hypoxia is the underlying cause ofα-synuclein-mediated pathology in the brains of mice with ischemic *** phosphorylatedα-synuclein levels in patients with ischemic stroke were significantly lower than those in healt hy subjects,and were positively correlated with cognition levels in patients with ischemic ***,a decrease in serum high-density lipoprotein levels in stroke patie nts was significantly correlated with a decrease in phosphorylatedα-synuclein *** ischemic stroke mice did not show significant cognitive impairment or disrupted lipid metabolism 14 days after injury,some of them exhibited decreased cognitive function and reduced phosphorylatedα-synuclein *** together,our results suggest that serum phosphorylatedα-synuclein is a potential biomarker for poststroke cognitive impairment.

关键词： biomarker high-density lipoprotein ischemic stroke phosphorylatedα-synuclein poststroke cognitive impairment

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NOX4 exacerbates Parkinson's disease pathology by promoting neuronal ferroptosis and neuroinflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2038-2052页

作者： Zhihao Lin Changzhou ying Xiaoli Si Naijia Xue yi liu Ran Zheng ying Chen Jiali Pu Baorong Zhang Department of Neurology The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina

Parkinson's disease is primarily caused by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra ***,a novel form of regulated cell death characterized by iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation,plays a vital role in the death of dopaminergic ***,the molecular mechanisms underlying ferroptosis in dopaminergic neurons have not yet been completely *** oxidase 4 is related to oxidative stress,however,whether it regulates dopaminergic neuronal ferroptosis remains *** aim of this study was to determine whether NADPH oxidase 4 is involved in dopaminergic neuronal ferroptosis,and if so,by what *** found that the transcriptional regulator activating transcription factor 3 increased NADPH oxidase 4 expression in dopaminergic neurons and astrocytes in an 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6 tetrahydropyridine-induced Parkinson's disease *** oxidase 4 inhibition improved the behavioral impairments observed in the Parkinson's disease model animals and reduced the death of dopaminergic ***,NADPH oxidase 4 inhibition reduced lipid peroxidation and iron accumulation in the substantia nigra of the Parkinson's disease model ***,we found that NADPH oxidase 4 interacted with activated protein kinase Cαto prevent ferroptosis of dopaminergic ***,by lowering the astrocytic lipocalin-2 expression,NADPH oxidase 4 inhibition reduced 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6 tetrahydropyridine-induced *** findings demonstrate that NADPH oxidase 4 promotes ferroptosis of dopaminergic neurons and neuroinflammation,which contribute to dopaminergic neuron death,suggesting that NADPH oxidase 4 is a possible therapeutic target for Parkinson's disease.

关键词： dopaminergic neuron ferroptosis NADPH oxidase 4(NOX4) neuroinflammation Parkinson's disease

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Small extracellular vesicles derived from cerebral endothelial cells with elevated microRNA 27a promote ischemic stroke recovery

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 224-233页

作者： yi Zhang Zhongwu liu Michael Chopp Michael Millman Yanfeng Li Pasquale Cepparulo Amy Kemper Chao Li Li Zhang Zheng Gang Zhang Department of Neurology Henry Ford HospitalDetroitMIUSA Department of Physics Oakland UniversityRochesterMIUSA Department of Pathology Henry Ford HospitalDetroitMIUSA Division of Pharmacology Department of NeuroscienceReproductive and Dentistry SciencesSchool of MedicineUniversity of Naples“Federico Ⅱ”NaplesItaly

Axonal remodeling is a critical aspect of ischemic brain repair processes and contributes to spontaneous functional *** previous in vitro study demonstrated that exosomes/small extracellular vesicles(sEVs)isolated from cerebral endothelial cells(CEC-sEVs)of ischemic brain promote axonal growth of embryonic cortical neurons and that microRNA 27a(miR-27a)is an elevated miRNA in ischemic *** the present study,we investigated whether normal CEC-sEVs engineered to enrich their levels of miR-27a(27a-sEVs)further enhance axonal growth and improve neurological outcomes after ischemic stroke when compared with treatment with non-engineered CEC-sEVs.27a-sEVs were isolated from the conditioned medium of healthy mouse CECs transfected with a lentiviral miR-27a expression *** EVs isolated from CECs transfected with a scramble vector(Scra-sEVs)were used as a *** male mice were subjected to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion and then were randomly treated with 27a-sEVs or *** array of behavior assays was used to measure neurological *** with treatment of ischemic stroke with Scra-sEVs,treatment with 27a-sEVs significantly augmented axons and spines in the peri-infarct zone and in the corticospinal tract of the spinal grey matter of the denervated side,and significantly improved neurological *** vitro studies demonstrated that CEC-sEVs carrying reduced miR-27a abolished 27a-sEV-augmented axonal *** analysis revealed that 27a-sEVs systemically administered preferentially localized to the pre-synaptic active zone,while quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western Blot analysis showed elevated miR-27a,and reduced axonal inhibitory proteins Semaphorin 6A and Ras Homolog Family Member A in the peri-infarct *** of the Clathrin-dependent endocytosis pathway substantially reduced neuronal internalization of *** data provide evidence that 27a-sEVs have

关键词： axonal remodeling cerebral endothelial cells exosomes miR-27a mitochondria Semaphorin 6A small extracellular vesicles stroke

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大深宽比矩形高层建筑表面脉动风压非高斯特性

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哈尔滨工业大学学报 2025年第1期57卷 46-55页

作者：袁家辉陈水福刘奕中冶南方城市建设工程技术有限公司武汉430063 浙江大学建筑工程学院杭州310058

为探究大深宽比矩形高层建筑表面脉动风压的非高斯特性,本文对深宽比为1/9~9的矩形高层建筑进行了同步测压风洞试验。基于试验结果,分析了建筑表面风压的三阶和四阶统计矩分布特性,对高层建筑各立面风压进行高斯与非高斯分布的分区;研... 详细信息

为探究大深宽比矩形高层建筑表面脉动风压的非高斯特性,本文对深宽比为1/9~9的矩形高层建筑进行了同步测压风洞试验。基于试验结果,分析了建筑表面风压的三阶和四阶统计矩分布特性,对高层建筑各立面风压进行高斯与非高斯分布的分区;研究了风压的空间相关系数与非高斯性强度的关系,提出了一种新的估算建筑侧风面平均再附长度的计算方法。结果表明:在建筑侧风面上,脉动风压服从高斯还是非高斯分布取决于测点到迎风前缘的距离;除了以往文献指出的迎风面角部、侧风面分离区和背风面风压呈现非高斯性外,再附区后面的风压也呈现出高度的非高斯性;本文提出的相关系数法在计算平均再附长度时具有良好的准确性,利用该方法获得了矩形高层建筑侧风面的平均再附长度沿高度的变化呈抛物线形状。

关键词：矩形高层建筑非高斯特性风洞试验相关系数平均再附长度

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