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Pioneering radiation dosimetry and photothermal conversion in a photochromic and radiochromic thorium cluster

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Jingqi Ma Junpu Yang Huangjie Lu Tingrui Xu Huiliang hou Raffaele Scalia Jian Lin School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Materials Engineering Jiangsu University of Technology School of Industrial and Information Engineering Politecnico di Milano

Understanding the fundamental properties of actinide-based materials is pivotal in unlocking new solutions for challenges in nuclear waste management. In this work, we showcase a novel thorium cluster(Th-npc) that exhibits an extremely rare Th–N bond capping the square antiprismatic Th4+metal center. Remarkably, Th-npc exhibits both photochromic and radiochromic behaviors under UV and X-ray radiation, respectively, allowing for distinct, measurable colorimetric shifts that facilitate a redgreen-blue(RGB) radiation dosimetry method. The integration of Th-npc with a custom-built optoelectronic device enables onsite radiation dosimetry, offering the advantages of simple operation and rapid data acquisition. Additionally, this work pioneers the application of actinide materials in photothermal conversion, opening new avenues for the strategic utilization of thoriumbased compounds.

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广东大埔客家话效咸山摄开口四等今读洪音

方言 2025年第1期47卷 34-41页

作者：侯小英嘉应学院文学院

广东大埔客家话有一批中古效咸山摄的开口四等今读洪音，因此该方言效咸山摄开口三四等分立、咸山摄开口二四等同形。这可能是保留了《切韵》音系四等韵洪音的读法。今读洪音的四等韵字大多见于端组、泥来组，跟声母特点及声韵组合关系... 详细信息

广东大埔客家话有一批中古效咸山摄的开口四等今读洪音，因此该方言效咸山摄开口三四等分立、咸山摄开口二四等同形。这可能是保留了《切韵》音系四等韵洪音的读法。今读洪音的四等韵字大多见于端组、泥来组，跟声母特点及声韵组合关系有关。大埔客家话这一现象或受闽方言影响。

关键词：广东大埔客家话效咸山摄开口四等洪音

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坚持系统观念的世界观和方法论的重大意蕴

马克思主义与现实 2025年第1期 1-8,204页

作者：侯惠勤天津师范大学天津师范大学马克思主义学院中国社会科学院国家文化安全与意识形态建设研究中心

从世界观和方法论的高度深入领悟习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想,是理论研究的重大使命,而坚持系统观念则是其重要切入点。系统观念确立了事物普遍联系和变化发展的本性,揭示了它的整体性存在方式和系统性运动的本质,因而是唯物辩证... 详细信息

从世界观和方法论的高度深入领悟习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想,是理论研究的重大使命,而坚持系统观念则是其重要切入点。系统观念确立了事物普遍联系和变化发展的本性,揭示了它的整体性存在方式和系统性运动的本质,因而是唯物辩证法的奠基性思维。适应新一轮科技革命和产业变革,回应“人类向何处去”的时代之问,系统观念在和平发展的新时代则具有世界观和方法论意义上的引领价值。只有从系统观念出发,才能深刻领悟作为当代中国马克思主义、21世纪马克思主义、中华文化和中国精神的时代精华、实现了马克思主义中国化新的飞跃的习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想。

关键词：系统观念唯物辩证法世界观方法论习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想

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政法:作为中国法学的标识性概念

开放时代 2025年第1期 147-161页

作者：侯猛中国人民大学法学院

“政法”不仅是理解中国政治的标识性概念,还有可能成为中国法学的标识性概念。“政法”概念所指至少有三种情形:宏观意义上的政治与法律、意识形态意义上的马列主义法律观和党对法治的领导权、组织建制意义上的各政法机关。而在日常实... 详细信息

“政法”不仅是理解中国政治的标识性概念,还有可能成为中国法学的标识性概念。“政法”概念所指至少有三种情形:宏观意义上的政治与法律、意识形态意义上的马列主义法律观和党对法治的领导权、组织建制意义上的各政法机关。而在日常实践中,“政法”这一概念集中指向意识形态和组织建制。特别是在组织建制上,“政法”概念被普遍使用。因此,在学术研究中,不仅需要研究政法语词背后的意识形态,更需要经验地研究各政法机关特别是具体案件背后的政法关系。只有积累足够多的政法经验,才有可能加以一般化,从而将“政法”提炼成为中国法学的标识性概念。

关键词：政治与法律马列主义法律观政法机关政法法学社科法学

Investigating the pharmacological basis and mechanisms of the anti-thrombotic effects of Paeoniae Radix Rubra， both pre- and post-stir-frying with rice wine

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2025年

作者： Jiaxu Zhang Jian Guan Ajiao hou Wenying Niu Haixue Kuang Liu Yang Hai Jiang Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao， Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine， Ministry of Education

Paeoniae Radix Rubra (PRR) is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine known for promoting blood circulation and alleviating pain. Stir-frying PRR with rice wine enhances its effectiveness in improving blood flow and resolving stasis. To explore the pharmacodynamic basis and mechanisms behind PRR's anti-thrombotic effects—both pre- and post-stir-frying—a comprehensive approach combining pharmacological research， metabolomics， and chemistry was employed. Fraction inter-cross validation experiments， pharmacological assessments， and metabolomic analyses confirm the efficacy of the fraction separation process. Wine-stir-fried PRR (WPRR) shows superior blood activation compared to PRR. PRR mainly affects the TCA cycle and sphingolipid metabolism pathways through its small molecules， enhancing coagulation and fibrinolysis systems' functionality. All the subdivided components of WPRR have anti-thrombotic effects， especially polysaccharides and oligosaccharides. WPRR improves thrombotic conditions in rat blood stasis by modulating arachidonic acid metabolism， TCA cycle， lipid status enhancement， and angiogenesis stimulation while regulating platelet adhesion and aggregation. In conclusion， compared with PRR， the main material basis for the blood-activating efficacy of WPRR has transformed from small molecule compounds to polysaccharide and oligosaccharide components. The action pathways of WPRR in exerting anti-thrombotic efficacy have increased. The polysaccharide components in WPRR might possess considerable potential for being developed into natural anti-thrombotic drugs.

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Nestlings of two parrotbill species can independently evaluate the presenceof predators based on acoustic cues

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Avian Research 2025年第01期 83-88页

作者： Jiaojiao Wang Peng Pan Haijie Zhang Laikun Ma Qindong Zhou Longwu Wang Jianhua hou College of Life Science Hebei University Engineering Research Center of Ecological Safety and Conservation in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (Xiong'an New Area) of MOE Hebei Basic Science Center for Biotic Interaction Department of Biology and Food Science Hebei Normal University for Nationalities School of Life Sciences Guizhou Normal University

Nest predation is the leading cause of reproductive failure in birds and a major driving force in the evolution of anti-predation strategies. Current studies on the anti-predation strategies of birds driven by predation pressure have mainly focused on adults. However, the detection and behavioral responses of nestlings toward predation risk require further investigation. In this study, we examined nestling responses to predator sounds. Two species of nestlings, the Reed Parrotbill(Paradoxornis heudei) and Vinous-throated Parrotbill(Sinosuthora webbiana),were exposed to the Sparrowhawk(Accipiter nisus, less common) and Oriental Magpie(Pica serica, more common), which are predator species, the Oriental Turtle Dove(Streptopelia orientalis), which is a commonly found harmless species, and background noise. Our findings revealed that compared to pre-playback of natural begging and playback of background noise and Oriental Turtle Dove sounds, playback of the two predator types decreased the total begging time and total number of calls of the two nestlings species, with the calls of the Sparrowhawk leading to greater suppression of nestling begging behavior than those of the Oriental ***, our results indicated that these nestlings were able to distinguish predators from harmless species based on auditory cues.

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Designing the counter pressure casting gating system for a large thin-walled cabin by machine learning

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China Foundry 2025年

作者： Xiao-long Zhang Hua hou Xiao-long Pei Zhi-qiang Duan Yu-hong Zhao School of Materials Science and Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province for High-performance Al/Mg Alloy Materials North University of China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Materials Intelligent Technology Liaoning Academy of Materials

The design of casting gating system directly determines the solidification sequence, defect severity,and overall quality of the casting. A novel machine learning strategy was developed to design the counter pressure casting gating system of a large thin-walled cabin casting. A high-quality dataset was established through orthogonal experiments combined with design criteria for the gating system. Spearman's correlation analysis was used to select high-quality features. The gating system dimensions were predicted using a gated recurrent unit(GRU) recurrent neural network and an elastic network model. Using EasyCast and ProCAST casting software, a comparative analysis of the flow field, temperature field, and solidification field can be conducted to demonstrate the achievement of steady filling and top-down sequential solidification. Compared to the empirical formula method, this method eliminates trial-and-error iterations, reduces porosity, reduces casting defect volume from 11.23 cubic centimeters to 2.23 cubic centimeters, eliminates internal casting defects through the incorporation of an internally cooled iron, fulfilling the goal of intelligent gating system design.

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Investigating the pharmacological basis and mechanisms of the anti-thrombotic effects of Paeoniae Radix Rubra， both pre- and post-stir-frying with rice wine

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2025年

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Clinical manifestation and management of severe blepharokeratoconjunctivitis combined with corneal perforation

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2025年第2期18卷 229-236页

作者： Xu Li Ping hou Xiao-Lin Qi Su-Xia Li Wei-Yun Shi Hua Gao Ting Zhang Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University Jinan 250021Shandong ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of OphthalmologyEye Institute of Shandong First Medical UniversityQingdao 266071Shandong ProvinceChina School of Ophthalmology Shandong First Medical UniversityJinan 250117Shandong ProvinceChina Shandong Provincial Third Hospital Jinan 250031Shandong ProvinceChina

AIM:To investigate the clinical signs of blepharokeratoconjunctivitis(BKC)and evaluate the efficacy of penetrating keratoplasty(PKP)for the ***:Sixteen patients(16 eyes)with BKC complicated by corneal perforation hospitalised at Shandong Eye Hospital were retrospectively *** patients received *** were assessed for symptoms,clinical manifestations,the activity and damage grading of BKC.A paired t-test was used to compare the uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA)before and after surgery for the perforated ***:The mean age of the patients was *** vision is the most common discomfort,followed by redness,and then *** duration of ocular discomfort lasted for 3.2y,on ***(18.8%)participants were associated with rosacea,while 11(68.8%)patients had recurrent chalazion or *** in eyelash follicles was positive in 11(68.8%)*** corneal perforations were≤3.0 mm in *** perforation was located mainly in the inferior cornea(68.8%).The mean area of corneal vascularisation was 3.0 *** patients manifested bilateral BKC,with the perforated eyes ranked as severely damaged and presenting with severe *** contralateral eyes manifested mild damage with no active ***(68.8%)of the perforated eyes were treated with PKP using a minimal *** UCVA increased significantly at the final follow-up(mean,21mo;P<0.001),with the manifestation of BKC alleviated *** of the patients developed immune rejection or other serious ***:BKC combined with corneal perforation occurs mainly among young people with a long history of ocular ***,especially using a minimal graft,is an effective and safe option for treating the disease.

关键词： blepharokeratoconjunctivitis corneal perforation penetrating keratoplasty