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Pulse oximeter as a home assessment tool:Knowledge and user experience among the community in Malaysia during the COVID-19 pandemic

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2022年第5期15卷 213-219页

作者： Siew-Keah Lee Jin Wei Ma Khai ying Chan yi song cheong Wan Ting Hong Regine Chew yi Ong Wei Cheng Tay Ang-Lim Chua Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universiti Tunku Abdul RahmanMalaysia Faculty of Medicine Universiti Teknologi MARAMalaysia

Objective:To determine the degree of knowledge in the usage of pulse oximeter as a home assessment tool among the community in ***:A cross-sectional survey was conducted in November *** questionnaire assessed the knowledge in using pulse oximeters,user experience and opinions in using pulse oximeter as a home assessment tool during the ***:A total of 504 respondents were included in the study,and the mean score in knowledge related to application of pulse oximetry was 73.00%,while the mean score in knowledge related to factors affecting pulse oximetry readings was only 38.51%.A total of 90.5% of the respondents recognised normal pulse rate and 88.5% knew the blood oxygen saturation levels of a healthy adult,while 69.4% recognised the definition of silent *** addition,the majority of the respondents agreed that factors such as poor blood circulation(71.2%),excessive movements(69.8%),and hand position(60.7%)affected oximetry ***,61.7%,81.7%,77.2% and 76.8% of the respondents could not identify nail polish,skin colour,skin thickness and tattoos as factors that may affect oximetry readings ***:The respondents showed a satisfactory level of knowledge related to application of pulse oximetry,but a poor level of knowledge related to factors affecting pulse oximetry readings among the community in *** efforts in educating the community on the correct use of pulse oximeters are crucial for appropriate home assessment and avoiding unnecessary stress.

关键词： COVID-19 Pulse oximetry SpO2 Home assessment tool Silent hypoxia

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When debugging encounters artificial intelligence: state of the art and open challenges

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 42-84页

作者： yi song Xiaoyuan XIE Baowen XU School of Computer Science Wuhan University State Key Laboratory of Novel Software Technology Nanjing University

Both software debugging and artificial intelligence techniques are hot topics in the current field of software engineering. Debugging techniques, which comprise fault localization and program repair, are an important part of the software development lifecycle for ensuring the quality of software systems. As the scale and complexity of software systems grow, developers intend to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of software debugging via artificial intelligence(artificial intelligence for software debugging, AI4SD). On the other hand, many artificial intelligence models are being integrated into safety-critical areas such as autonomous driving, image recognition, and audio processing, where software debugging is highly necessary and urgent(software debugging for artificial intelligence, SD4AI). An AI-enhanced debugging technique could assist in debugging AI systems more effectively, and a more robust and reliable AI approach could further guarantee and support debugging techniques. Therefore, it is important to take AI4SD and SD4AI into consideration comprehensively. In this paper, we want to show readers the path, the trend, and the potential that these two directions interact with each other. We select and review a total of 165 papers in AI4SD and SD4AI for answering three research questions, and further analyze opportunities and challenges as well as suggest future directions of this cross-cutting area.

关键词： software debugging fault localization program repair artificial intelligence machine learning

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Design,fabrication,and characterization of hierarchical mechanical metamaterials

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第1期19卷 73-83页

作者： Jian song Junfei YAN Bengang yi Automotive Engineering Research Institute BYD Auto Industry Co.Ltd.Shenzhen 518000China College of Civil and Transportation Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

Natural mechanical materials,such as bamboo and bone,often exhibit superior specific mechanical properties due to their hierarchical porous *** the principle of hierarchy as inspiration can facilitate the development of hierarchical mechanical metamaterials(HMMs)across multiple length scales via 3D *** this work,we propose self-similar HMMs that combine octet-truss(OCT)architecture as the first and second orders,with cubic architecture as the third or more *** HMMs were fabricated using stereolithography 3D printing,with the length sizes ranging from approximately 200µm to the centimeter *** compressive stress–strain behaviors of HMMs exhibit a zigzag characteristic,and the toughness and energy absorption can be significantly enhanced by the hierarchical *** compressive moduli are comparable to that of natural materials,and the strengths are superior to that of most polymer/metal foams,alumina hollow/carbon lattices,and other natural ***,the flexural stress–strain curves exhibit a nonlinear behavior,which can be attributed to the hierarchical architecture and local damage *** relatively high mechanical properties can be attributed to the synergistic effect of the stretch-dominated OCT architecture and the bending-dominated cube ***,an ultralight HMM-integrated unmanned aerial vehicle(HMM-UAV)was successfully designed and *** HMM-UAV is~85%lighter than its bulk counterpart,remarkably extending the flight duration time(~53%).This work not only provides an effective design strategy for HMMs but also further expands the application benchmark of HMMs.

关键词： 3D printing mechanical metamaterials hierarchical architecture mechanical behavior unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)

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Preparation and characterization of high-reactivity explosive-based nano-boron microspheres

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PARTICUOLOGY 2024年第10期93卷 125-136页

作者： Dong, Chen Wang, yi Jia, Kanghui song, Dan song, Xiaolan An, Chongwei North Univ China Sch Mat Sci & Engn Taiyuan 030051 Peoples R China Jinxi Grp Shanxi Jiangyang Chem Co Ltd Taiyuan 030051 Peoples R China China Ordnance Inst Sci & Technol Beijing 100089 Peoples R China North Univ China Sch Environm & Safety Engn Taiyuan 030051 Peoples R China

Boron nanoparticles, with their remarkably high gravimetric and volumetric calorific values, emerge as the most promising fuel in energetic fields. However, challenges such as susceptibility to oxidation, high ignition temperature, and low combustion efficiency have constrained their further applications. In this study, we fabricated high explosives based nano-boron microspheres with uniform size using the electrostatic spray method, in which the boron nanoparticles and high explosives (CL-20 or PETN) are closely bonded together by fluorinated polymer (F-2602) and evenly distributed. The results indicated that the microspheres exhibited high sphericity and showed an enhanced antioxidant capability. The addition of high-energy explosives not only reduced the thermal oxidation temperature of nano-boron powder within the microspheres but also significantly enhanced the pressurization rate. Additionally, the microspheres with added high-energy explosives released more energy during the combustion process. Compared to physically mixed samples, electrostatically sprayed microspheres with a uniform microstructure still exhibited higher reactivity. Therefore, the design and synthesis of microspheres with controllable structures using the electrostatic spray method show promising application prospects. (c) 2024 Chinese Society of Particuology and Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.

关键词： Nano-boron CL-20 PETN Electrospraying Ignition and combustion NANOPARTICLES COMBUSTION

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Effects of the urban landscape on heatwave-mortality associations in Hong Kong: comparison of different heatwave definitions

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第1期18卷 145-156页

作者： Jinglu song yi Lu Thomas Fischer Kejia Hu Department of Urban Planning and Design Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhou 215123China Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong Kong 999077China Environmental Assessment and Management Research Centre School of Environmental SciencesUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpool L35TRUK Research Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management Faculty of Natural and Agricultural SciencesNorth West UniversityPotchefstroom 31750South Africa Institute of Big Data in Health Science School of Public HealthZhejiang UniversityZijingang CampusHangzhou 310058China

Despite increased attention given to potential modifiers of temperature-mortality associations, evidence for variations between different urban landscape characteristics remains limited. It is in this context that in this paper effect modifications of multiple urban landscape characteristics are explored under different heatwave definitions for different age groups and gender in Hong Kong, China. Daily meteorological data and heatwave-related mortality counts from 2008 to 2017 were collected from the Hong Kong Census and Statistics Department, China. A case-only design was adopted, combined with logistic regression models to examine the modification effects of five urban landscape characteristics under six heatwave definitions. Stratified analyses were conducted to investigate age- and gender-specific effect modifications. It is found that individuals living in greener areas experienced lower levels of mortality during or immediately after heatwaves. In contrast, a higher building density and nighttime land surface temperature (LST) were associated with a higher heatwave-related mortality risk. Pronounced effect modifications of these urban landscape characteristics were observed under hotter and longer heatwaves, and in older adults (age ≥ 65 years) and males. The findings provide a scientific basis for policymakers and practitioners when considering measures for coping with hotter, longer, and more frequent heatwaves in the context of global climate change.

关键词： Urban landscape Heatwave Mortality Effect modification Intra-urban differences Health risk reduction

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Multi-UAVs Collaborative Path Planning in the Cramped Environment

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第2期11卷 529-538页

作者： Siyuan Feng Linzhi Zeng Jining Liu yi Yang Wenjie song School of Automation Beijing Institute of TechnologyNanjing 210039China Nanjing Research Institute of Electronics Technology Nanjing 210039China yichang Testing Technique Research Institute Yichang 443003China IEEE

Due to its flexibility and complementarity, the multiUAVs system is well adapted to complex and cramped workspaces, with great application potential in the search and rescue(SAR) and indoor goods delivery fields. However, safe and effective path planning of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)in the cramped environment is always challenging: conflicts with each other are frequent because of high-density flight paths, collision probability increases because of space constraints, and the search space increases significantly, including time scale, 3D scale and model scale. Thus, this paper proposes a hierarchical collaborative planning framework with a conflict avoidance module at the high level and a path generation module at the low level. The enhanced conflict-base search(ECBS) in our framework is improved to handle the conflicts in the global path planning and avoid the occurrence of local deadlock. And both the collision and kinematic models of UAVs are considered to improve path smoothness and flight safety. Moreover, we specifically designed and published the cramped environment test set containing various unique obstacles to evaluating our framework performance thoroughly. Experiments are carried out relying on Rviz, with multiple flight missions: random, opposite, and staggered, which showed that the proposed method can generate smooth cooperative paths without conflict for at least 60 UAVs in a few *** benchmark and source code are released in https://***/inin-xingtian/multi-UAVs-path-planner.

关键词： Collision avoidance conflict resolution multi-unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)system path planning

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Vertically aligned montmorillonite aerogel-encapsulated polyethylene glycol with directional heat transfer paths for efficient solar thermal energy harvesting and storage

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第5期31卷 907-916页

作者： Qijing Guo Cong Guo Hao yi Feifei Jia Shaoxian song Key Laboratory of Green Utilization of Critical Non-metallic Mineral Resources Ministry of EducationWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China

The conversion and storage of photothermal energy using phase change materials(PCMs)represent an optimal approach for harnessing clean and sustainable solar ***,we encapsulated polyethylene glycol(PEG)in montmorillonite aerogels(3D-Mt)through vacuum impregnation to prepare 3D-Mt/PEG composite *** used as a support matrix,3D-Mt can effectively prevent PEG leakage and act as a flame-retardant barrier to reduce the flammability of ***,3D-Mt/PEG demonstrates outstanding shape retention,increased thermal energy storage density,and commendable thermal and chemical *** phase transition enthalpy of 3D-Mt/PEG can reach 167.53 J/g and remains stable even after 50 heating-cooling ***,the vertical sheet-like structure of 3D-Mt establishes directional heat transport channels,facilitating efficient phonon *** configuration results in highly anisotropic thermal conductivities that ensure swift thermal responses and efficient heat *** study addresses the shortcomings of PCMs,including the issues of leakage and inadequate flame *** achieves the development and design of 3D-Mt/PEG with ultrahigh strength,superior flame retardancy,and directional heat ***,this work offers a design strategy for the preparation of high-performance composite *** 3D-Mt/PEG with vertically aligned and well-ordered array structure developed in this research shows great potential for thermal management and photothermal conversion applications.

关键词： montmorillonite aerogel polyethylene glycol phase change materials solar thermal energy storage flame retardant

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Exploiting demand-side heterogeneous flexible resources in risk management of power system frequency

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 1612-1627页

作者： YAO Yu song YongHua YE ChengJin DING yi ZHAO YuMing College of Electrical Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City University of MacaoMacao SAR519000China Shenzhen Power Supply Bureau Co. Ltd.Shenzhen518051China

More demand-side flexible resources(DFRs)are participating in the frequency regulation of renewable power systems,whose heterogeneous characteristics have a significant impact on the system frequency ***,selecting suitable DFRs poses a formidable challenge for independent system operators(ISO).In this paper,a reserve allocation methodology for heterogeneous DFRs is proposed to manage the risk of power system ***,a performance curve is developed to describe the cost,capacity,and response speed of ***,a clustering method for multiple distributed DFRs is conducted to calculate the aggregated performance curves and uncertainty ***,the frequency security criterion considering DFRs’performance is constructed,whose linearity makes it can be easily coupled into the system scheduling model and ***,a risk management model for DFRs considering frequency-chance-constraint is proposed to make a trade-off between cost and frequency ***,the model is transformed into mixed integer second-order cone programming(MISOCP)and solved by the commercial *** proposed model is validated by the IEEE 30 and IEEE 118 bus systems.

关键词： demand-side heterogenous flexible resources risk management of power system frequency performance curve aggregation method mixed integer second-order cone programming

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Ultralow friction PTFE/PEEK heterolayer:A new solid lubrication approach toward simplicity

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Friction 2024年第1期12卷 120-135页

作者： Wei SUN Jiaxin YE Qingrui song yi FENG Xiaojun LIU School of Materials Science and Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China Institute of Tribology School of Mechanical EngineeringHefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China

Tribological applications of polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)are often limited by technological complexity to overcome its poor wear ***,a PTFE/polyetheretherketone(PEEK)heterolayer(HL)was proposed and evaluated as a new solid lubrication ***-on-disk tribometry found the lowest friction coefficient(μ)of 0.031 and ultralow wear for the PEEK/HL under typical *** friction coefficient of the HL surpasses those of the state-of-the-art polymeric coatings/composites by at least 200%,and approaches that of highly lubricated *** investigations revealed multi-length physical and chemical heterogeneity of the HL that best facilitates a tribofilm with high subsurface stability and surface *** technological simplicity and robustness of the HL’s high lubricity make it a promising new type of solid lubrication toward greater reliability and longevity.

关键词： ultralow friction anti-wear polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) heterolayer(HL)

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Mathematical Model,Numerical Simulation and Convergence Analysis of a Semiconductor Device Problem with Heat and Magnetic Influences

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2024年第2期40卷 302-319页

作者： Chang-feng LI yi-rang YUAN Huai-ling song School of Economics Shandong UniversityJinan 250100China Institute of Mathematics Shandong UniversityJinan 250100China College of Mathematics and Econometrics Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

In this paper,the authors discuss a three-dimensional problem of the semiconductor device type involved its mathematical description,numerical simulation and theoretical *** important factors,heat and magnetic influences are *** mathematical model is formulated by four nonlinear partial differential equations(PDEs),determining four major physical *** influences of magnetic fields are supposed to be weak,and the strength is parallel to the *** elliptic equation is treated by a block-centered method,and the law of conservation is *** computational accuracy is improved one *** equations are convection-dominated,thus are approximated by upwind block-centered *** difference can eliminate numerical dispersion and nonphysical *** diffusion is approximated by the block-centered difference,while the convection term is treated by upwind ***,the unknowns and adjoint functions are computed at the same *** characters play important roles in numerical computations of conductor device *** the theories of priori analysis such as energy estimates,the principle of duality and mathematical inductions,an optimal estimates result is *** a composite numerical method is shown for solving this problem.

关键词： three-dimensional conductor device problem with heat and magnetic influences upwind blockcentered differences elemental conservation of mass numerical analysis

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