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Odorant-binding protein 19 in Monochamus alternatus involved in the recognition of a volatile strongly emitted from ovipositing host pines

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Insect Science 2024年第1期31卷 134-146页

作者： Ruinan Yang Dongzhen Li Shancheng yi yi Wei Manqun Wang Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of National Forestry and Grassland Administration Ecology and Nature Conservation InstituteChinese Academy of ForestryBeijingChina

Monochamus alternatus is the primary carrier of pine wood nematodes,which pose a serious threat to Pinus spp.in many countries.Newly emerging M.alternatus adults feed on heathy host pines,while matured adults transfer to stressed host pines for mating and oviposition.Several odorant-binding proteins(OBPs)of M.alternatus have been proved to aid in the complex process of host location.To clarify the corresponding relations between OBPs and pine volatiles,more OBPs need to be studied.In this research,MaltOBP19 showed a specific expression in the antennae and mouthparts of M.alternatus,and it was marked in 4 types of antenna sensilla by immunolocalization.Fluorescence binding assays demonstrated the high binding affinity of MaltOBP19 with camphene and myrcene in vitro.In Y-tube olfactory experiments,M.alternatus adults were attracted by camphene and RNAi of OBP19 via microinjection significantly decreased their attraction index.Myrcene induced phobotaxis,but RNAi had no significant effect on this behavior.Further,we found that ingesting dsOBP19 produced by a bacteria-expressed system with a newly constructed vector could lead to the knockdown of MaltOBP19.These results suggest that MaltOBP19 may play a role in the process of host conversion via the recognition of camphene,which has been identified to be strongly released in stressed host pines.In addition,it is proved that knockdown of OBP can be achieved by oral administration of bacteria-expressed double-stranded RNA in M.alternatus adults,providing a new perspective in the control of M.alternatus.

关键词： bacteria-expressed dsRNA camphene Japanese pine sawyer beetle MaltOBP19 RNAi stressed host pines

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Regulation of rhizosphere microenvironment by rice husk ash for reducing the accumulation of cadmium and arsenic in rice

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 1-10页

作者： yi Jiang Ya Liu Xuantao yi Peng Zeng Bohan Liao Hang Zhou Jiaofeng Gu College of Environmental Science and Engineering Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Control of Rice Quality and Safety Changsha 410004China

It is important to reduce Cd and As content in brown rice in contaminated paddy soils.We conducted research on the effects of rice husk ash (RHA) on the Cd and As in the rhizosphere microenvironment (soil,porewater,and iron plaque) and measured the Cd,As,and Si content in rice plants.The main elements in RHA were Si (29.64%) and O (69.17%),which had the maximum adsorption capacity for Cd was 42.49 mg/kg and for As was 18.62 mg/kg.Soil pH and available Si content increased,while soil available Cd and As decreased following application of 0.5%–2%RHA.RHA promote the transformation of Cd to insoluble fraction,while As was transformed from a poorly soluble form to a more active one.RHA reduced Cd content and increased Si content in porewater,and reduced As only at the later rice growth stages.RHA increased the amount of iron plaque,thereby decreasing the Cd content in iron plaque,while increased the As content in it.Cd and inorganic As content in brown rice were decreased,to 0.31 mg/kg and 0.18 mg/kg,respectively.The decrease of Cd in brown rice was due to the decrease of Cd mobility in soil,thereby reducing root accumulation,while the decrease of As in brown rice was affected by the transport from roots to stems.Therefore,RHA can be considered as a safe and efficient in-situ remediation amendment for Cd and As co-contaminated paddy soil.

关键词： Rice husk ash(rha) Cadmium Arsenic Silicon Rice Soil

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NADPH oxidase 4(NOX4)as a biomarker and therapeutic target in neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1961-1966页

作者： Napissara Boonpraman Sun Shin yi BK21 four Program Department of Medical SciencesSoonchunhyang UniversityAsanSouth Korea Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science Soonchunhyang UniversityAsanSouth Korea iConnectome Co.Ltd.CheonanSouth Korea

Diseases like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases are defined by inflammation and the damage neurons undergo due to oxidative stress. A primary reactive oxygen species contributor in the central nervous system, NADPH oxidase 4, is viewed as a potential therapeutic touchstone and indicative marker for these ailments. This in-depth review brings to light distinct features of NADPH oxidase 4, responsible for generating superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, emphasizing its pivotal role in activating glial cells, inciting inflammation, and disturbing neuronal functions. Significantly, malfunctioning astrocytes, forming the majority in the central nervous system, play a part in advancing neurodegenerative diseases, due to their reactive oxygen species and inflammatory factor secretion. Our study reveals that aiming at NADPH oxidase 4 within astrocytes could be a viable treatment pathway to reduce oxidative damage and halt neurodegenerative processes. Adjusting NADPH oxidase 4 activity might influence the neuroinflammatory cytokine levels, including myeloperoxidase and osteopontin, offering better prospects for conditions like Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. This review sheds light on the role of NADPH oxidase 4 in neural degeneration, emphasizing its drug target potential, and paving the path for novel treatment approaches to combat these severe conditions.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease astrocytes mitochondrial dysfunction myeloperoxidase NADPH oxidase 4 NADPH oxidase 4 inhibitors neurodegenerative diseases osteopontin Parkinson’s disease reactive oxygen species

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Dysfunction of synaptic endocytic trafficking in Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2649-2660页

作者： Xin yi Ng Mian Cao Programme in Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingaporeSingapore Department of Physiology National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore

Parkinson's disease is characterized by the selective degeneration of dopamine neurons in the nigrostriatal pathway and dopamine deficiency in the striatum.The precise reasons behind the specific degeneration of these dopamine neurons remain largely elusive.Genetic investigations have identified over 20 causative PARK genes and 90 genomic risk loci associated with both familial and sporadic Parkinson's disease.Notably,several of these genes are linked to the synaptic vesicle recycling process,particularly the clathrinmediated endocytosis pathway.This suggests that impaired synaptic vesicle recycling might represent an early feature of Parkinson's disease,followed by axonal degeneration and the eventual loss of dopamine cell bodies in the midbrain via a"dying back"mechanism.Recently,several new animal and cellular models with Parkinson's disease-linked mutations affecting the endocytic pathway have been created and extensively characterized.These models faithfully recapitulate certain Parkinson's disease-like features at the animal,circuit,and cellular levels,and exhibit defects in synaptic membrane trafficking,further supporting the findings from human genetics and clinical studies.In this review,we will first summarize the cellular and molecular findings from the models of two Parkinson's disease-linked clathrin uncoating proteins:auxilin(DNAJC6/PARK19)and synaptojanin 1(SYNJ1/PARK20).The mouse models carrying these two PARK gene mutations phenocopy each other with specific dopamine terminal pathology and display a potent synergistic effect.Subsequently,we will delve into the involvement of several clathrin-mediated endocytosis-related proteins(GAK,endophilin A1,SAC2/INPP5 F,synaptotagmin-11),identified as Parkinson's disease risk factors through genome-wide association studies,in Parkinson's disease pathogenesis.We will also explore the direct or indirect roles of some common Parkinson's disease-linked proteins(alpha-synuclein(PARK1/4),Parkin(PARK2),and LRRK2(PARK8))in synaptic endocytic trafficking.Additionall

关键词： autophagy auxilin/PARK19 clathrin-mediated endocytosis dopamine neurons neurodegeneration nigrostriatal pathway Parkinson's disease synaptic vesicle recycling synaptojanin1/PARK20

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Gene therapy for monogenic disorders: challenges, strategies, and perspectives

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第2期51卷 133-143页

作者： yi Zhang Zhi-ying Wu Department of Medical Genetics and Center for Rare Diseases Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang 310009China Department of Neurology Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang 310009China Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province HangzhouZhejiang 310009China

Monogenic disorders refer to a group of human diseases caused by mutations in single genes. While disease-modifying therapies have offered some relief from symptoms and delayed progression for some monogenic diseases, most of these diseases still lack effective treatments. In recent decades, gene therapy has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for genetic disorders. Researchers have developed various gene manipulation tools and gene delivery systems to treat monogenic diseases. Despite this progress, concerns about inefficient delivery, persistent expression, immunogenicity, toxicity, capacity limitation, genomic integration, and limited tissue specificity still need to be addressed. This review gives an overview of commonly used gene therapy and delivery tools, along with the challenges they face and potential strategies to counter them.

关键词： Gene therapy Monogenic diseases Geneediting Genedelivery Challenges

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Cordyceps as potential therapeutic agents for atherosclerosis

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第2期22卷 102-114页

作者： yi Zhang Si-jing Liu School of Marxism Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 61137Sichuan ProvinceChina College of Medical Technology Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 611137Sichuan ProvinceChina Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases with Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 611137Sichuan ProvinceChina

Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide.Despite the challenges in managing atherosclerosis,researchers continue to investigate new treatments and complementary therapies.Cordyceps is a traditional Chinese medicine that has recently gained attention as a potential therapeutic agent for atherosclerosis.Numerous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of cordyceps in treating atherosclerosis through various pharmacological actions,including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities,lowering cholesterol,inhibiting platelet aggregation,and modulating apoptosis or autophagy in vascular endothelial cells.Notably,the current misuse of the terms cordyceps and Ophiocordyceps sinensis has caused confusion among researchers,and complicated the current academic research on cordyceps.This review focuses on the chemical composition,pharmacological actions,and underlying mechanisms contributing to the anti-atherosclerotic effects of cordyceps and the mycelium of Ophiocordyceps spp.This review provides a resource for the research on the development of new drugs for atherosclerosis from cordyceps.

关键词： Atherosclerosis Cordyceps Ophiocordyceps sinensis

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Shor's algorithm does not factor large integers in the presence of noise

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 305-320页

作者： Jin-yi CAI College of Letters and Science University of Wisconsin

We consider Shor's quantum factoring algorithm in the setting of noisy quantum gates. Under a generic model of random noise for(controlled) rotation gates, we prove that the algorithm does not factor integers of the form pq when the noise exceeds a vanishingly small level in terms of n—the number of bits of the integer to be factored, where p and q are from a well-defined set of primes of positive density. We further prove that with probability 1-o(1) over random prime pairs(p, q), Shor's factoring algorithm does not factor numbers of the form pq, with the same level of random noise present.

关键词： random noise Shor's algorithm rotation gates quantum computing prime factorization

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Optimal Cooperative Secondary Control for Islanded DC Microgrids via a Fully Actuated Approach

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第2期11卷 405-417页

作者： yi Yu Guo-Ping Liu yi Huang Peng Shi IEEE Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Control Theory and Intelligent Systems Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China School of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering the University of AdelaideSA 5005Australia Research and Innovation Centre Obuda University1034 BudapestHungary

DC-DC converter-based multi-bus DC microgrids(MGs) in series have received much attention, where the conflict between voltage recovery and current balancing has been a hot topic. The lack of models that accurately portray the electrical characteristics of actual MGs while is controller design-friendly has kept the issue active. To this end, this paper establishes a large-signal model containing the comprehensive dynamical behavior of the DC MGs based on the theory of high-order fully actuated systems, and proposes distributed optimal control based on this. The proposed secondary control method can achieve the two goals of voltage recovery and current sharing for multi-bus DC MGs. Additionally, the simple structure of the proposed approach is similar to one based on droop control, which allows this control technique to be easily implemented in a variety of modern microgrids with different configurations. In contrast to existing studies, the process of controller design in this paper is closely tied to the actual dynamics of the MGs. It is a prominent feature that enables engineers to customize the performance metrics of the system. In addition, the analysis of the stability of the closed-loop DC microgrid system, as well as the optimality and consensus of current sharing are given. Finally, a scaled-down solar and battery-based microgrid prototype with maximum power point tracking controller is developed in the laboratory to experimentally test the efficacy of the proposed control method.

关键词： DC microgrids distributed control high-order fully actuated system approach linear quadratic regulator microgrid modeling secondary control

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Self-assembly of perovskite nanocrystals:From driving forces to applications

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 561-578,I0013页

作者： yi Li Fei Zhang School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Tianjin) Tianjin 300072China

Self-assembly of metal halide perovskite nanocrystals(NCs)into superlattices can exhibit unique collective properties,which have significant application values in the display,detector,and solar cell field.This review discusses the driving forces behind the self-assembly process of perovskite NCs,and the commonly used self-assembly methods and different self-assembly structures are detailed.Subsequently,we summarize the collective optoelectronic properties and application areas of perovskite superlattice structures.Finally,we conclude with an outlook on the potential issues and future challenges in developing perovskite NCs.

关键词： Self-assembly Metal halide perovskite Nanocrystals Driving forces

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Large language model and domain-specific model collaboration for smart education

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2024年第3期25卷 333-341页

作者： Yawei LUO yi YANG School of Software Technology Zhejiang UniversityNingbo 315048China College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

In this paper,we introduce the large language model and domain-specific model collaboration(LDMC)framework designed to enhance smart education.The LDMC framework leverages the comprehensive and versatile knowledge of large domain-general models,combines it with the specialized and disciplinary knowledge from small domainspecific models(DSMs),and incorporates pedagogy knowledge from learning theory models.This integration yields multiple knowledge representations,fostering personalized and adaptive educational experiences.We explore various applications of the LDMC framework in the context of smart education.

关键词： smart language knowledge

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