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Mirrorless MEMS imaging:a nonlinear vibrational approach utilizing aerosol-jetted PZT-actuated fiber MEMS scanner for microscale illumination

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 175-192页

作者： Wei-Chih Wang Ming-Yao Li Kuan-Chang Peng yi-feng hsu Benjamin Estroff Pao-Yun Yen David Schipf Wen-Jong Wu Department of Power Mechanical Engineering National Tsing Hua UniversityNo.101Section 2Kuang-Fu RoadHsinchuTaiwan 30013China Institute of NanoEngineering and Microsystems National Tsing Hua UniversityNo.101Section 2Kuang-Fu RoadHsinchuTaiwan 30013China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA Department of Electrical Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA Department of Engineering Science and Ocean Engineering National Taiwan UniversityTaiwanChina

This study introduces a novel image capture and lighting techniques using a cutting-edge hybrid MEMS scanner system designed for compact microscopic imaging.The scanner comprises a tapered optical fiber waveguide and innovative aerosol-jet printed PZT(lead zirconate titanate)bimorph push-pull actuators on a stainless-steel substrate,effectively addressing issues that are commonly associated with PZT on silicon substrates such as fracture and layer separation.By leveraging nonlinear vibration,the scanner achieves a spiral scan pattern from a single signal input,in addition to the expected two-dimensional scanning and target illumination from two phase-shifted inputs.This capability is further enhanced by a novel process to taper the optical fiber,which reduces illumination scattering and tunes the fiber to the resonant frequencies of the scanner.The precisely tapered tip enables large fields of view while maintaining independent 2-axis scanning through one-degree-of-freedom actuation.Experimental validation showcases the successful generation of a spiral scan pattern with a 60μm diameter scan area and a 10 Hz frame rate,effectively reconstructing scanned images of 5μm lines,cross patterns(15μm in length with a 5μm gap),and structures of a Psychodidae wing.

关键词： steel fiber scanner

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Recent Advances in Electrochemical-Based Silicon Production Technologies with Reduced Carbon Emission

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 209-236页

作者： feng Tian Zhongya Pang Shen Hu Xueqiang Zhang Fei Wang Wei Nie Xuewen Xia Guangshi Li Hsien-yi hsu Qian Xu Xingli Zou Li Ji Xionggang Lu State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel&Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy&School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai University99#Shangda RoadShanghai 200444China Center for Hydrogen Metallurgy Technology Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System School of MicroelectronicsFudan University220#Handan RoadShanghai 200433China School of Energy and Environment Department of Materials Science and EngineeringCity University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong KongChina

Sustainable and low-carbon-emission silicon production is currently one of the main focuses for the metallurgical and materials science communities.Electrochemistry,considered a promising strategy,has been explored to produce silicon due to prominent advantages:(a)high electricity utilization efficiency;(b)low-cost silica as a raw material;and(c)tunable morphologies and structures,including films,nanowires,and nanotubes.This review begins with a summary of early research on the extraction of silicon by electrochemistry.Emphasis has been placed on the electro-deoxidation and dissolution–electrodeposition of silica in chloride molten salts since the 21st century,including the basic reaction mechanisms,the fabrication of photoactive Si films for solar cells,the design and production of nanoSi and various silicon components for energy conversion,as well as storage applications.Besides,the feasibility of silicon electrodeposition in room-temperature ionic liquids and its unique opportunities are evaluated.On this basis,the challenges and future research directions for silicon electrochemical production strategies are proposed and discussed,which are essential to achieve large-scale sustainable production of silicon by electrochemistry.

关键词： directions electrodeposition electricity

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Arabidopsis mitochondrial single-stranded DNA-binding proteins SSB1 and SSB2 are essential regulators of mtDNA replication and homologous recombination

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2022年第10期64卷 1952-1965页

作者： Jie Qian Min Zheng Lingyu Wang Yu Song Jiawen Yan yi‐feng hsu School of Life Sciences Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China

Faithful DNA replication is one of the most essential processes in almost all living organisms.However,the proteins responsible for organellar DNA replication are still largely unknown in plants.Here,we show that the two mitochondriontargeted single-stranded DNA-binding(SSB)proteins SSB1 and SSB2 directly interact with each other and act as key factors for mitochondrial DNA(mt DNA)maintenance,as their single or double loss-of-function mutants exhibit severe germination delay and growth retardation.The mt DNA levels in mutants lacking SSB1 and/or SSB2 function were two-to four-fold higher than in the wild-type(WT),revealing a negative role for SSB1/2 in regulating mt DNA replication.Genetic analysis indicated that SSB1 functions upstream of mitochondrial DNA POLYMERASE IA(POLIA)or POLIB in mt DNA replication,as mutation in either gene restored the high mt DNA copy number of the ssb1-1 mutant back to WT levels.In addition,SSB1 and SSB2 also participate in mitochondrial genome maintenance by influencing mt DNA homologous recombination(HR).Additional genetic analysis suggested that SSB1 functions upstream of ORGANELLAR SINGLE-STRANDED DNABINDING PROTEIN1(OSB1)during mt DNA replication,while SSB1 may act downstream of OSB1and MUTS HOMOLOG1 for mt DNA HR.Overall,our results yield new insights into the roles of the plant mitochondrion-targeted SSB proteins and OSB1 in maintaining mt DNA stability via affecting DNA replication and DNA HR.

关键词： Arabidopsis mitochondria mtDNA replication mtDNA recombination SSB

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High glucose reduces Nrf2-dependent cRAGE release and enhances inflammasome-dependent IL-1βproduction in monocytes:the modulatory effects of EGCG

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1531-1542页

作者： Chi-Hao Wu yin-hsuan Chang Chin-Lin hsu Sheng-yi Chen Gow-Chin Yen Graduate Programs of Nutrition Science School of Life ScienceTaiwan Normal UniversityTaipei 106209TaiwanChina Department of Food Science and Biotechnology Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung 40227TaiwanChina School of Nutrition Chung Shan Medical UniversityTaichung 40201TaiwanChina

Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products(sRAGE)acts as a decoy sequestering of RAGE ligands,thus preventing the activation of the ligand-RAGE axis linking human diseases.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying sRAGE remain unclear.In this study,THP-1 monocytes were cultured in normal glucose(NG,5.5 mmol/L)and high glucose(HG,15 mmol/L)to investigate the effects of diabetesrelevant glucose concentrations on sRAGE and interleukin-1β(IL-1β)secretion.The modulatory effects of epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG)in response to HG challenge were also evaluated.HG enhanced intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)generation and RAGE expression.The secretion of sRAGE,including esRAGE and cRAGE,was reduced under HG conditions,together with the downregulation of a disintegrin and metallopeptidase 10(ADAM10)and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)nuclear translocation.Mechanistically,the HG effects were counteracted by siRAGE and exacerbated by siNrf2.Chromatin immunoprecipitation results showed that Nrf2 binding to the ADAM10 promoter and HG interfered with this binding.Our data reinforce the notion that RAGE and Nrf2 might be sRAGE-regulating factors.Under HG conditions,the treatment of EGCG reduced ROS generation and RAGE activation.EGCG-stimulated cRAGE release was likely caused by the upregulation of the Nrf2-ADAM10 pathway.EGCG inhibited HG-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation at least partly by stimulating sRAGE,thereby reducing IL-1βrelease.

关键词： Epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG) Inflammasome Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2) Receptor for advanced glycation end products(RAGE) Soluble RAGE(sRAGE)

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Understanding pediatric surgical needs in North Korea: a modeling analysis

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World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2024年第1期7卷 47-53页

作者： Phillip J hsu Sangchul Yoon Kee B Park University of Michigan Ann ArborMichiganUSA Department of Global Health and Social Medicine Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Medical Humanitiesand Social Sciences Yonsei University SeoulSouth Korea

Background Sixty-five percent of children worldwide lack access to surgical care,the majority of whom live in low-income and middle-income countries(LMiCs).Developing surgical infrastructure requires information on surgical need;however,this information is often limited in LMICs.North Korea(Democratic People's Republic of Korea,DPRK)has a low amount of publicly available data.Here,we analyzed available modeled data to understand the causes of pediatric deaths due to conditions treatable with surgery in DPRK.Methods We used World Bank data and models from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation to identify causes of pediatric deaths affecting pediatric patients(age<20 years).We compared mortality of disease between DPRK and countries with similar economic status.Results Between 1990 and 2019,the number of overall pediatric deaths has decreased.In 2019,32.2%of allpediatric deaths in DPRK were caused by surgical conditions.The leading categories of surgical conditions were injuries(53.9%),congenital conditions(34.2%),tumors(8.8%),and abdominal conditions(3.2%).DPRK has a lower relative rate of pediatric deaths compared with other LMICs with similar gross domestic product per capita.However,it has a higher relative rate of pediatric deaths due to conditions requiring treatment with surgery.Transport injuries contribute significantly to the high rate of pediatric deaths in DPRK.Conclusions Although DPRK may be allocating overall resources toward pediatric healthcare more efficiently than economic peers,DPRK may benefit from improvement in pediatric surgical capacity.Improved availability of data and close international collaboration could be potential solutions to bridge this gap.

关键词： pediatric surgical injuries

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A robust vector tracking loop structure based on potential bias analysis

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第4期37卷 405-420页

作者： Qiongqiong JIA yiran LUO Bing XU Li-Ta hsu Renbiao WU Tianjin Key Lab for Advanced Signal Processing Civil Aviation University of ChinaTianjin 300300China Interdisciplinary Division of Aeronautical and Aviation Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University999077Hong KongChina Department of Geomatics Engineering University of CalgaryCalgary T2N1N4Canada

This paper proposes a robust vector tracking loop structure based on potential bias analysis. The influence of four kinds of biases on the existing two implementations of Vector Tracking Loops(VTLs) is illustrated by theoretical analysis and numerical simulations, and the following findings are obtained. Firstly, the initial user state bias leads to steady navigation solution bias in the relative VTL, while new measurements can eliminate it in the absolute VTL. Secondly, the initial code phase bias is transferred to the following navigation solutions in the relative VTL, while new measurements can eliminate it in the absolute VTL. Thirdly, the user state bias induced by erroneous navigation solution of VTLs can be eliminated by both of the two VTLs. Fourthly,the multipath/NLOS likely affects the two VTLs, and the induced tracking bias in the duration of the multipath/NLOS would decrease the performance of VTLs. Based on the above analysis,a robust VTL structure is proposed, where the absolute VTL is selected for its robustness to the two kinds of initialization biases;meanwhile, the instant bias detection and correction method is used to improve the performance of VTLs in the duration of the multipath/NLOS. Numerical simulations and experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed robust VTL structure.

关键词： Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS) Vector Tracking Loop(VTL) Multipath Non-Line-of-Sight(NLOS) Tracking bias propagation Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator(LASSO)

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半金属氢氧化物材料用于电化学水氧化

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Science China Materials 2024年第5期67卷 1551-1558页

作者：王静 Mohammed-Ibrahim Jamesh 高强韩波孙睿敏 Hsien-yi hsu 周成冈蔡钊 Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China School of Energy and Environment Department of Materials Science and EngineeringCity University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong Kong999077China

寻找具有高本征活性的水氧化催化剂材料对许多清洁能源技术的发展至关重要.氢氧化物半导体对析氧反应具有一定的电催化活性.然而,该材料导电性较差,限制着其电催化本征活性的提升.本文提出一种兼具高导电性和高催化活性的半金属氢氧化... 详细信息

寻找具有高本征活性的水氧化催化剂材料对许多清洁能源技术的发展至关重要.氢氧化物半导体对析氧反应具有一定的电催化活性.然而,该材料导电性较差,限制着其电催化本征活性的提升.本文提出一种兼具高导电性和高催化活性的半金属氢氧化物析氧电催化材料.通过阳离子掺杂和阴离子空位协同作用,镍铁水滑石半导体可转化为半金属材料,其电阻率降低了两个数量级.相应半金属氢氧化物阵列电极的电催化活性显著提升,在10 mA cm^(-2)电流密度下其析氧过电势仅为195 mV,Tafel斜率仅为40.9 mV dec^(-1),显著优于商用RuO_(2)催化剂(316 mV,99.6 mV dec^(-1)).原位拉曼光谱和理论计算结果表明,半金属氢氧化物可在较低过电位下转化为羟基氧化物中间体,有助于高价态金属活性位点的形成与稳定,从而提升材料的析氧本征活性.本研究表明,兼具优异导电性和催化活性的半金属氢氧化物可作为先进的电极材料.

关键词： electrocatalyst hydroxide semi-metal electric conductivity intrinsic activity

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SIZ1-Mediated SUMOylation of ROS1 Enhances Its Stability and Positively Regulates Active DNA Demethylation in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2020年第12期13卷 1816-1824页

作者： Xiangfeng Kong Yechun Hong yi-feng hsu Huan Huang Xue Liu Zhe Song Jian-Kang Zhu Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032People's Republic of China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingPeople's Republic of China Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA

The 5-methylcytosine DNA glycosylase/lyase REPRESSOR OF SILENCING 1(ROS1)-mediated active DNA demethylation is critical for shaping the genomic DNA methylation landscape in Arabidopsis.Whether and how the stability of ROS1 may be regulated by post-translational modifications is unknown.Using a methylation-sensitive PCR(CHOP-PCR)-based forward genetic screen forArabidopsis DNA hyper-methyl-ation mutants,we identified the SUMO E3 ligase SIZ1 as a critical regulator of active DNA demethylation.Dysfunction of SIZ1 leads to hyper-methylation at approximately 1000 genomic regions.SIZ1 physically in-teracts with ROS1 and mediates the SUMOylation of ROS1.The SUMOylation of ROS1 is reduced in siz1 mutant plants.Compared with that in wild-type plants,the protein level of ROS1 is significantly decreased,whereas there is an increased level of ROS1 transcripts in siz1 mutant plants.Our results suggest that SIZ1-mediated SUMOylation of ROS1 promotes its stability and positively regulates active DNA demethylation.

关键词： SIZ1 SUMOylatoin ROS1 active DNA demethylation Arabidopsis

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Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus ameliorate restenosis via improving inflammation and regulating the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1711-1728页

作者： Crystal Ngofi Zumbi Chun-hsu Pan Hui-Yu Huang Chieh-Hsi Wu Program in Clinical Drug Development from Herbal Medicine College of PharmacyTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei 11031China Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry College of PharmacyTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei 11031China School of Pharmacy Taipei Medical UniversityTaipei 11031China Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences Taipei Medical UniversityTaipei 11031China

Restenosis is a common complication following coronary angioplasty.The traditional use of seaweeds for health benefits has increasingly been explored,however few studies exist reporting its protective effects on the development of restenosis and gut dysbiosis.The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of seaweed extracts(SE) of Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus in inhibiting intimal hyperplasia in a rat model of restenosis and its underlying mechanisms in macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cells(vSMCs).16S rRNA sequencing was done to investigate the regulatory effect of SE on the gut microbiome of injured rats.As indicated by the results,SE significantly inhibited the progression of intimal hyperplasia in vivo,attenuated inflammation in macrophages and could inhibit the proliferation,dedifferentiation and migration of vSMCs.It was observed through immunoblotting assays that treatment with SE significantly upregulated PTEN expression in macrophages and inhibited the upregulation of PI3K and AKT expression in vSMCs.Meanwhile,according to the 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis,supplementation with SE modulated gut microbiota composition in injured rats.In conclusion,SE could ameliorate intimal hyperplasia by inhibiting inflammation and vSMCs proliferation through the regulation of the PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway and modulating the gut microbiome.

关键词： Ascophyllum nodosum Fucus vesiculosus PTEN/PI3K/AKT Restenosis Macrophage Vascular smooth muscle cells Gut microbiota

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Plasmacytosis mimicking multiple myeloma in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma:A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第17期12卷 3226-3234页

作者： Chia-Ching Lin hsu-Lin Lee Hsin-yi Chuo Tuo-An Chen Ming-Yueh Liu Li-Mien Chen Division of Cardiovascular Surgery Department of SurgeryKaohsiung Armed Forces General HospitalKaohsiung 802Taiwan Division of Cardiovascular Surgery Department of SurgeryTri-Service General HospitalNational Defense Medical CenterTaipei 114Taiwan Division of Hematology and Oncology Department of Internal MedicineTaichung Armed Forces General HospitalTaichung 411Taiwan Division of Hematology and Oncology Department of Internal MedicineTri-Service General HospitalNational Defense Medical CenterTaipei 114Taiwan Department of Internal Medicine Taichung Armed-Forces General HospitalTaichung 411Taiwan Department of Pathology Taichung Armed-Forces General HospitalTaichung 411Taiwan Department of Radiation Oncology Taichung Armed-Forces General HospitalTaichung 411Taiwan Department of Radiation Oncology Tri-Service General HospitalNational Defense Medical CenterTaipei 114Taiwan

BACKGROUND Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma(AITL)is a common subtype of peripheral T-cell lymphoma.Approximately half of patients with AITL may concurrently present with hypergammaglobulinemia.Increased numbers of plasma cells in the bone marrow are commonly observed at diagnosis.These tumors mimic plasma cell myelomas,hindering a conundrum of clinical diagnoses and potentially delaying appropriate treatment.CASE SUMMARY A 78-year-old woman experienced poor appetite,weight loss of 5 kg,fatigue 2 months before presentation,and shortness of breath 2 d before presentation,but no fever or night sweats.Physical examination revealed splenomegaly and many palpable masses over the bilateral axillary regions,approximately>2 cm in size,with rubbery consistency and no tenderness.Blood tests revealed anemia and thrombocytopenia,lactate dehydrogenase level of 153 U/L,total protein level of 10.9 g/dL,albumin to globulin ratio of 0.2,and immunoglobulin G level more than the upper limit of 3000 mg/dL.The free kappa and lambda light chain concentrations were 451 and 614 mg/L,respectively.A pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of AITL.The initial treatment was the cyclophosphamide,epirubicin,vincristine,and prednisolone regimen.Following this treatment,pleural effusion was controlled,and the patient was discharged in a stable condition and followed up in our outpatient department.CONCLUSION This report highlights the importance of differentiating reactive plasmacytosis from plasma cell myeloma in patients with hypergammaglobulinemia.A precise diagnosis of AITL requires a comprehensive evaluation,involving clinical,immunophenotypic,and histological findings conducted by a multidisciplinary team to ensure appropriate treatment.

关键词： Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma Plasmacytosis Multiple myeloma Lymphoma,Hypergammaglobulinemia Case report

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