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Functional Changes in Astrocytes Lead to Cognitive Deficits After Social Deprivation

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第4期40卷 547-549页

作者： Yulan Li Lixuan Li yibei wang yi wang Zhong Chen Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province School of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou310053China Department of Neurology Second Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310009ZhejiangChina

Social experience has a far-reaching impact on the brain and behavior.In humans,lacking social experience during childhood is associated with a faster decline in later-life cognitive function[l],while social isolation in the elderly is an independent risk factor for dementia[2].The lack of social experience at different stages of life has significant adverse effects on cognitive development and mental health.Studies have largely been focused on the neuronal activity and synaptic plasticity changes after social deprivation.Two recent studies separately reported increased expression of an astrocyte marker,glial fibrillary acidic protein,in socially isolated perinatal or adult mice demonstrating structural changes in astrocytes after social deprivation[3,4].However,it is still unknown whether and how astrocyte function is impacted by social deprivation.

关键词： faster function Functional

Synergistic effect of gradient Zn content and multiscale particles on the mechanical properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys with coupling distribution of coarse-fine grains

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第6期31卷 1392-1405页

作者： Liangliang Yuan Mingxing Guo yi wang Yun wang Linzhong Zhuang Institute of Effectiveness Evaluation of Flying Vehicle Beijing 100085China State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Laboratory of Metallic Materials and Processing for Modern Transportation University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

This study investigated the influence of graded Zn content on the evolution of precipitated and iron-rich phases and grain struc-ture of the alloys,designed and developed the Al–8.0Zn–1.5Mg–1.5Cu–0.2Fe(wt%)alloy with high strength and formability.With the increase of Zn content,forming the coupling distribution of multiscale precipitates and iron-rich phases with a reasonable matching ratio and dispersion distribution characteristics is easy.This phenomenon induces the formation of cell-like structures with alternate distribu-tion of coarse and fine grains,and the average plasticity–strain ratio(characterizing the formability)of the pre-aged alloy with a high strength is up to 0.708.Results reveal the evolution and influence mechanisms of multiscale second-phase particles and the corresponding high formability mechanism of the alloys.The developed coupling control process exhibits considerable potential,revealing remarkable improvements in the room temperature formability of high-strength Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloys.

关键词： Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloy iron-rich phase high formability microstructure mechanisms

Performance Study of MIMO-OSTBC Parallel Relay FSO System Based on GFDM

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第2期33卷 564-572页

作者： Rui ZHOU Yong wang yi wang Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Wave Information Technology and Metrology of Zhejiang Province College of Information Engineering China Jiliang University State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Hohai University

This paper investigates the performance of a new generalized frequency division multiplexing(GFDM)parallel relay free space optical(FSO) communication system using multi-input multi-output(MIMO) orthogonal space-time block codes(OSTBC) scheme. Under the M distribution atmospheric turbulence, taking into account the triple effects of irradiance, pointing errors and path loss, the mathematical expression of system symbol error rate is derived with the help of Meijer G-function. The symbol error performance of GFDM is compared with on-off keying,Gaussian minimum shift keying, polarization shift keying and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM)modulation methods. The effects of the MIMO-OSTBC parallel relay scheme on the GFDM system including filter roll down coefficient, the number of transmitting and receiving antennas, the number of relays, normalized beamwidth and jitter variance are analyzed, and the numerical results are verified by Monte Carlo simulation. This work provides a good foundation for engineering applications.

关键词： Free-space optical Generalized frequency division multiplexing Multi-input multi-output Orthogonal space-time block codes Parallel relay

Land use effects on the dynamics of soil C,N and microbes in the water-wind erosion crisscross region of the northern Loess Plateau,China

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 181-190页

作者： yi wang Chunyue LI Shunjin HU State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi'an 710061China State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Institute of Soil and Water ConservationNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China School of Geography and Tourism Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an 710119China Department of Entomology&Plant Pathology North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh 27695USA

The water-wind erosion crisscross region of the northern Loess Plateau in China is under constant pressure from severe erosion due to its windy and dry climate and intensive human activities. Identifying sustainable land use patterns is key to maintaining ecosystem sustainability in the area. Our aim was to appraise the impacts of different land use regimes on the dynamics of soil total organic C(TOC), total N(TN), and microbes in a typical watershed in the northern Loess Plateau to identify suitable land use types that can maintain soil fertility and sustainability. A field experiment was performed in Liudaogou watershed in Shenmu City, Shaanxi Province, China, where the dynamics of soil TOC and TN, microbial biomass C and N, microbial respiration, and net N mineralization in six typical land use types, dam land, rainfed slope land, deciduous broadleaf forest, evergreen coniferous forest, shrubland, and grassland,were measured in three different growing seasons. Land use type and season significantly affected TOC, TN, and the dynamics of microbial biomass and activity. As the most anthropogenically disturbed land use pattern, dam land was an optimal land use pattern for TOC sequestration due to its higher TOC and TN, but lower microbial activity. Soil TOC, TN, and microbial properties demonstrated a decreasing trend after natural grassland was converted to shrubland,forest, and rainfed slope land. Shrubland with exotic N-fixing Korshinsk peashrub(Caragana korshinskii Kom.) can maintain TOC, TN, and microbial properties similar to those in grassland. Soil TOC, NH_(4+)^(-)N, TN, moisture, and extractable C were the principal indexes for soil microbial biomass and activity and explained 88.90% of the total variance. Thus, grassland was the optimal land use pattern in the water-wind erosion crisscross region of the northern Loess Plateau to maintain ecosystem stability and sustainability.

关键词： grassland microbial activity microbial biomass total organic C total N watershed

Sodium intake:a double-edged sword wielded by the brain

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 1545-1547页

作者： Lingyu Xu Xiaolong Ma yi wang Zhong Chen Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences Zheiiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou 310053China Institute of Pharmacology&Toxicology College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Taste receptors on the tongue discriminate between five fundamental tastes:sour,sweet,bitter,salty,and umami(Chandrashekar et al.,2006).Typically,stimuli that evoke bitterness and acidity prompt aversive responses by animals,whereas sweet and umami flavors are appetitive and enjoyable.Saltiness is unique in that it transitions from an appetitive to an aversive stimulus with increasing concentrations.

关键词： prompt sweet sword

Optimization study of spherical tuyere based on BP neural network and new evaluation index

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Building Simulation 2024年第2期17卷 223-234页

作者： Mengchao Liu Ran Gao yi wang Angui Li School of Building Services Science and Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an710055China

The energy consumption of heating,ventilation,and air conditioning(HVAC)systems holds a significant position in building energy usage,accounting for about 65%of the total energy consumption.Moreover,with the advancement of building automation,the energy consumption of ventilation systems continues to grow.This study focuses on improving the performance of spherical tuyeres in HVAC systems.It primarily utilizes neural networks and multi-island genetic algorithms(MIGA)for multi-parameter optimization.By employing methods such as structural parameterization,accurate and fast computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulations,a minimized sample space,and a rational optimization strategy,the time cycle of the optimization process is shortened.Additionally,a new comprehensive evaluation index is proposed in this research to describe the performance of spherical tuyeres,which can be used to more accurately assess spherical tuyeres with different structures.The results show that by establishing a neural network prediction model and combining it with the multi-island genetic algorithm,a novel spherical tuyere design was successfully achieved.The optimized novel spherical tuyeres achieved a 27.05%reduction in the spherical tuyeres effective index(STEI)compared to the traditional spherical tuyeres.Moreover,the resistance decreased by 15.68%,and the jet length increased by 7.57%.The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed optimization method exhibits high accuracy,good generalization capability,and excellent agreement at different Reynolds numbers.

关键词： spherical tuyeres STEI CFD ventilation

Recent advances of mechanosensitive genes in vascular endothelial cells for the formation and treatment of atherosclerosis

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 206-219页

作者： Shuyu Li Zichen Xu yi wang Lizhao Chen Xiangxiu wang Yanghao Zhou Daoxi Lei Guangchao Zang Guixue wang Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular ImplantsBioengineering College of Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400030China College of Basic Medical Sciences Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Department of Neurosurgery Daping HospitalArmy Medical Center of PLAArmy Medical UniversityChongqing 400042China

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and its complications are a high-incidence disease worldwide.Numerous studies have shown that blood flow shear has a huge impact on the function of vascular endothelial cells,and it plays an important role in gene regulation of pro-inflammatory,pro-thrombotic,pro-oxidative stress,and cell permeability.Many impor-tant endothelial cell mechanosensitive genes have been discovered,including KLK10,CCN gene family,NRP2,YAP,TAZ,HIF-1α,NF-kB,FOS,JUN,TFEB,KLF2/KLF4,NRF2,and ID1.Some of them have been intensively studied,whereas the relevant regulatory mechanism of other genes remains unclear.Focusing on these mechanosensitive genes will provide new strategies for therapeutic intervention in atherosclerotic vascular disease.Thus,this article reviews the mechanosensitive genes affecting vascular endothelial cells,including classical pathways and some newly screened genes,and summarizes the latest research progress on their roles in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis to reveal effective therapeutic targets of drugs and provide new insights foranti-atherosclerosis.

关键词： Atherosclerosis Blood flow Endothelial cell Mechanosensitive gene Therapeutic target

On the Difference Between the Skew-rank of an Oriented Graph and the Rank of Its Underlying Graph

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2024年第1期40卷 129-136页

作者： Jia-min Zhu Bo-jun Yuan yi wang School of Mathematical Sciences Anhui UniversityHefei230601China School of Science Zhejiang University of Science and TechnologyHangzhou310023China

Let G be a simple graph and G~σ be the oriented graph with G as its underlying graph and orientation σ.The rank of the adjacency matrix of G is called the rank of G and is denoted by r(G).The rank of the skew-adjacency matrix of G~σ is called the skew-rank of G~σ and is denoted by sr(G~σ).Let V(G)be the vertex set and E(G) be the edge set of G.The cyclomatic number of G,denoted by c(G),is equal to |E(G)|-|V(G)|+ω(G),where ω(G) is the number of the components of G.It is proved for any oriented graph G~σ that-2c(G)≤sr(G~σ)-r(G)≤2c(G).In this paper,we prove that there is no oriented graph G~σwith sr(G~σ)-r(G)=2c(G)-1,and in addition,there are infinitely many oriented graphs G~σ with connected underlying graphs such that c(G)=k and sr(G~σ)-r(G)=2c(G)-l for every integers k,l satisfying 0 ≤l≤4k and l≠1.

关键词： cyclomatic number rank skew-rank

Satellite glial cells in sensory ganglia play a wider role in chronic pain via multiple mechanisms

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 1056-1063页

作者： Xiaoyun Qiu Yuanzhi Yang Xiaoli Da yi wang Zhong Chen Cenglin Xu Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province School of Pharmaceutical ScienceZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina

Satellite glial cells are unique glial cells that surround the cell body of primary sensory neurons.An increasing body of evidence suggests that in the presence of inflammation and nerve damage,a significant number of satellite glial cells become activated,thus triggering a series of functional changes.This suggests that satellite glial cells are closely related to the occurrence of chronic pain.In this review,we first summarize the morphological structure,molecular markers,and physiological functions of satellite glial cells.Then,we clarify the multiple key roles of satellite glial cells in chronic pain,including gap junction hemichannel Cx43,membrane channel Pannexin1,K channel subunit 4.1,ATP,purinergic P2 receptors,and a series of additional factors and their receptors,including tumor necrosis factor,glutamate,endothelin,and bradykinin.Finally,we propose that future research should focus on the specific sorting of satellite glial cells,and identify genomic differences between physiological and pathological conditions.This review provides an important perspective for clarifying mechanisms underlying the peripheral regulation of chronic pain and will facilitate the formulation of new treatment plans for chronic pain.

关键词： chronic pain primary sensory neurons satellite glial cells sensory ganglia