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Phytoplankton diversity in a tropical bay,North Borneo,Malaysia as revealed by light microscopy and Next-Generation Sequencing

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2022年第12期41卷 142-151页

作者： Brian wei Khong Chong Sandric Chee yew leong Victor SKuwahara Teruaki Yoshida Unit for Harmful Algal Bloom Studies Borneo Marine Research InstituteUniversiti Malaysia SabahKota Kinabalu 88400Malaysia St.John’s Island National Marine Laboratory Tropical Marine Science InstituteNational University of SingaporeSingapore 119227Singapore Faculty of Education&Graduate School of Science and Engineering Soka UniversityHachiojiTokyo 192-8577Japan

Assessments of phytoplankton diversity in Sabah waters,North Borneo,have primarily relied on morphology-based identification,which has inherent biases and can be ***-Generation Sequencing(NGS)technology has been shown to be capable of overcoming several limitations of morphology-based *** were collected from the Sepanggar Bay over the course of the year 2018 in different monsoon ***-based identification and NGS sequencing of the V8–V9 region of the 18S LSU rDNA were used to investigate the diversity of the phytoplankton *** and NGS showed complementary results with more diatom taxa detected by microscopy whereas NGS detected smaller and rarer *** harmful algal genera in the study site comprised of Skeletonema,Margalefidinium,Pyrodinium,Takayama,and Alexandrium as detected by *** study showed that that an integrative approach of both morphological and molecular techniques could provide more comprehensive information about the phytoplankton community as the approach captured quantitative variability as well as the diversity of phytoplankton species.

关键词： phytoplankton community Next-Generation Sequencing(NGS) Sabah South China Sea

Adaptive and scalable load balancing for metadata server cluster in cloud-scale file systems

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2015年第6期9卷 904-918页

作者： Quanqing xu Rajesh Vellore ARUMUGAM Khai leong YONG Yonggang WEN yew-Soon ONG weiya XI Data Storage Institute Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore 138632 Singapore School of Computer Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore

Big data is an emerging term in the storage indus- try, and it is data analytics on big storage, i.e., Cloud-scale storage. In Cloud-scale （or EB-scale） file systems, load bal- ancing in request workloads across a metadata server cluster is critical for avoiding performance bottlenecks and improv- ing quality of services. Many good approaches have been pro- posed for load balancing in distributed file systems. Some of them pay attention to global namespace balancing, making metadata distribution across metadata servers as uniform as possible. However, they do not work well in skew request dis- tributions, which impair load balancing but simultaneously increase the effectiveness of caching and replication, in this paper, we propose Cloud Cache （C2）, an adaptive and scal- able load balancing scheme for metadata server cluster in EB-scale file systems. It combines adaptive cache diffusion and replication scheme to cope with the request load balanc- ing problem, and it can be integrated into existing distributed metadata management approaches to efficiently improve their load balancing performance. C2 runs as follows： 1） to run adaptive cache diffusion first, if a node is overloaded, load- shedding will be used; otherwise, load-stealing will be used; and 2） to run adaptive replication scheme second, if there is a very popular metadata item （or at least two items） causing a node be overloaded, adaptive replication scheme will be used,in which the very popular item is not split into several nodes using adaptive cache diffusion because of its knapsack prop- erty. By conducting performance evaluation in trace-driven simulations, experimental results demonstrate the efficiency and scalability of C2.

关键词： metadata management load balancing adaptivecache diffusion adaptive replication cloud-scale file systems

Reconfigurable nonlinear photonic activation function for photonic neural network based on non-volatile opto-resistive RAM switch

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第10期11卷 2512-2522页

作者： Zefeng Xu Baoshan Tang Xiangyu Zhang Jin Feng leong Jieming Pan Sonu Hooda Evgeny Zamburg Aaron Voon-yew Thean Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme NUS Graduate SchoolNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore4 Engineering Drive 3Singapore 117583Singapore

Photonic neural network has been sought as an alternative solution to surpass the efficiency and speed bottlenecks of electronic neural *** that the integrated Mach-Zehnder Interferometer(MZI)mesh can perform vector-matrix multiplication in photonic neural network,a programmable in-situ nonlinear activation function has not been proposed to date,suppressing further advancement of photonic neural ***,we demonstrate an efficient in-situ nonlinear accelerator comprising a unique solution-processed two-dimensional(2D)MoS2 Opto-Resistive RAM Switch(ORS),which exhibits tunable nonlinear resistance switching that allow us to introduce nonlinearity to the photonic neuron which overcomes the linear voltage-power relationship of typical photonic *** reconfigurable scheme enables implementation of a wide variety of nonlinear ***,we confirm its feasibility and capability for MNIST handwritten digit recognition,achieving a high accuracy of 91.6%.Our accelerator constitutes a major step towards the realization of in-situ photonic neural network and pave the way for the integration of photonic integrated circuits(PIC).

关键词： network neural nonlinear

CRL： Efficient Concurrent Regeneration Codes with Local Reconstruction in Geo-Distributed Storage Systems

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2018年第6期33卷 1140-1151页

作者： Quan-Qing Xu wei-Ya Xi Khai leong Yong Chao Jin Institute of High Performance Computing Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore 138632 Singapore Data Storage Institute Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore 138632 Singapore Institute for Infocomm Research Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore 138632 Singapore

As a typical erasure coding choice, Reed-Solomon （RS） codes have such high repair cost that there is a penaltyfor high reliability and storage efficiency, thereby they are not suitable in geo-distributed storage systems. We present anovel family of concurrent regeneration codes with local reconstruction （CRL） in this paper. The CRL codes enjoy threebenefits. Firstly, they are able to minimize the network bandwidth for node repair. Secondly, they can reduce the numberof accessed nodes by calculating parities from a subset of data chunks and using an implied parity chunk. Thirdly, they arefaster than existing erasure codes for reconstruction in geo-distributed storage systems. In addition, we demonstrate howthe CRL codes overcome the limitations of the Reed-Solomon codes. We also illustrate analytically that they are excellent inthe trade-off between chunk locality and minimum distance. Furthermore, we present theoretical analysis including latencyanalysis and reliability analysis for the CRL codes. By using quantity comparisons, we prove that CRL（6, 2, 2） is only0.657x of Azure LRC（6, 2, 2）, where there are six data chunks, two global parities, and two local parities, and CRL（10,4, 2） is only 0.656x of HDFS-Xorbas（10, 4, 2）, where there are 10 data chunks, four local parities, and two global paritiesrespectively, in terms of data reconstruction times. Our experimental results show the performance of CRL by conductingperformance evaluations in both two kinds of environments： 1） it is at least 57.25% and 66.85% more than its competitorsin terms of encoding and decoding throughputs in memory, and 2） it has at least 1.46x and 1.21x higher encoding anddecoding throughputs than its competitors in JBOD （Just a Bunch Of Disks）. We also illustrate that CRL is 28.79% and30.19% more than LRC on encoding and decoding throughputs in a geo-distributed environment.

关键词： concurrent regeneration code local reconstruction geo-distributed storage system

Intestine-derived α-synuclein initiates and aggravates pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease in Drosophila

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2022年第1期11卷 262-279页

作者： wei Liu Kah-leong Lim Eng-King Tan School of Plant Protection Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest ManagementAnhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and ApplicationAnhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230036China Department of Neurology National Neuroscience InstituteSingapore 308433Singapore Department of Research National Neuroscience InstituteSingaporeSingapore Research Lee Kong Chian School of Medi-cineSingaporeSingapore Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders Program Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingapore 169857Singapore.

Background:Aberrant aggregation ofα-synuclein(α-syn)is a key pathological feature of Parkinson’s disease(PD),but the precise role of intestinalα-syn in the progression of PD is *** a number of genetic Drosophila models of PD,α-syn was frequently ectopically expressed in the neural system to investigate the ***:We investigated the potential role of intestinalα-syn in PD pathogenesis using a Drosophila ***α-syn was overexpressed in Drosophila guts,and life span,survival,immunofluorescence and climbing were ***,Western blotting and reactive oxygen species(ROS)staining were performed to assess the effects of intestinalα-syn on intestinal ***‐throughput RNA and 16S rRNA gene sequencing,quantitative RT‐PCR,immunofluorescence,and ROS staining were performed to determine the underlying molecular ***:We found that the intestinalα-syn alone recapitulated many phenotypic and pathological features of PD,including impaired life span,loss of dopaminergic neurons,and progressive motor *** intestine-derivedα-syn disrupted intestinal homeostasis and accelerated the onset of intestinal ***,intestinal expression ofα-syn induced dysbiosis,while microbiome depletion was efficient to restore intestinal homeostasis and ameliorate the progression of ***α-syn triggered ROS,and eventually led to the activation of the dual oxidase(DUOX)-ROS-Jun N-terminal Kinase(JNK)*** addition,α-syn from both the gut and the brain synergized to accelerate the progression of ***:The intestinal expression ofα-syn recapitulates many phenotypic and pathologic features of PD,and induces dysbiosis that aggravates the pathology through the DUOX-ROS-JNK pathway in *** findings provide new insights into the role of intestinalα-syn in PD pathophysiology.

关键词： Intestine α-Synuclein Parkinson’s disease Microbiome

Targeting pancreatic cancer immune evasion by inhibiting histone deacetylases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第18期28卷 1934-1945页

作者： Wynne Sim wei-Meng Lim Ling-wei Hii Chee-Onn leong Chun-Wai Mai School of Medicine International Medical UniversityKuala Lumpur 57000Malaysia School of Pharmacy International Medical UniversityKuala Lumpur 57000Malaysia Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Research Institute for ResearchDevelopmentand InnovationInternational Medical UniversityKuala Lumpur 57000Malaysia AGTC Genomics Kuala Lumpur 57000Malaysia State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research CenterRen Ji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200127China Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUCSI UniversityKuala Lumpur 56000Malaysia

The immune system plays a vital role in maintaining the delicate balance between immune recognition and tumor ***,it is not uncommon that cancerous cells can intelligently acquire abilities to bypass the antitumor immune responses,thus allowing continuous tumor growth and *** evasion has emerged as a significant factor contributing to the progression and immune resistance of pancreatic *** with other cancers,pancreatic cancer has a tumor microenvironment that can resist most treatment modalities,including emerging ***,the use of immunotherapy has yet to bring significant clinical breakthrough among pancreatic cancer patients,suggesting that pancreatic cancer has successfully evaded *** this review,we summarize the impact of genetic alteration and epigenetic modification(especially histone deacetylases,HDAC)on immune evasion in pancreatic *** overexpression significantly suppresses tumor suppressor genes,contributing to tumor growth and *** review the evidence on HDAC inhibitors in tumor eradication,improving T cells activation,restoring tumor immunogenicity,and modulating programmed death 1 *** provide our perspective in targeting HDAC as a strategy to reverse immune evasion in pancreatic cancer.

关键词： Histone acetylation Histone deacetylases inhibitors Immune evasion Pancreatic cancers Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Molecularly engineered truncated tissue factor with therapeutic aptamers for tumor-targeted delivery and vascular infarction

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2021年第7期11卷 2059-2069页

作者： Bozhao Li Jingyan wei Chunzhi Di Zefang Lu Feilong Qi Yinlong Zhang wei Sun leong Lele Li Guangjun Nie Suping Li College of Pharmaceutical Science Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021China CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials&Nanosafety CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing 100190China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Materials Science and Engineering National University of Singapore117575Singapore

Selective occlusion of tumor vasculature has proven to be an effective strategy for cancer *** vascular coagulation agents,the extracellular domain of coagulation-inducing protein tissue factor,truncated tissue factor(tTF),is the most widely *** the truncated protein exhibits no coagulation activity and is rapidly cleared in the circulation,free tTF cannot be used for cancer treatment on its own but must be combined with other *** here developed a novel,tumor-specific tTF delivery system through coupling tTF with the DNA aptamer,AS1411,which selectively binds to nucleolin receptors overexpressing on the surface of tumor vascular endothelial cells and is specifically cytotoxic to target *** administration of the tTF-AS1411 conjugates into tumor-bearing animals induced intravascular thrombosis solely in tumors,thus reducing tumor blood supply and inducing tumor necrosis without apparent side *** conjugate represents a uniquely attractive candidate for the clinical translation of vessel occlusion agent for cancer therapy.

关键词： Tumor targeted delivery Truncated tissue factor(tTF) AS1411 aptamer Thrombosis Tumor infarction

Ursolic acid: An overview on its cytotoxic activities against breast and colorectal cancer cells

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2019年第3期17卷 155-160页

作者： Eric wei Chiang Chan Chu Yong Soon Joash Ban Lee Tan Siu Kuin Wong yew Woh Hui Faculty of Applied Sciences UCSI University School of Science Monash University Sunway Xiamen University Malaysia Bandar Sunsuria

Ursolic acid(UA) is a pentacyclic triterpene of the ursane type. As a common chemical constituent among species of the family Lamiaceae, UA possesses a broad spectrum of pharmacological properties. This overview focuses on the anticancer properties of UA against breast cancer(BC) and colorectal cancer(CRC)that are most common among women and men, respectively. In vitro studies have shown that UA inhibited the growth of BC and CRC cell lines through various molecular targets and signaling *** are several in vivo studies on the cytotoxic activity of UA against BC and CRC. UA also inhibits the growth of other types of cancer. Studies on structural modifications of UA have shown that the –OH groups at C3 and at C28 are critical factors influencing the cytotoxic activity of UA and its *** needs for future research are suggested. Sources of information were from ScienceDirect, Google Scholar and PubMed.

关键词： Ursolic acid Cytotoxic Molecular targets Signaling pathways

Leveraging on Video Technology for High-Leverage Practices

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Leveraging on Video Technology for High-Leverage Practices