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Twenty years of population dynamics in European beech-oak forest at their rear range margin anticipate changes in its structure and composition

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 358-370页

作者： álvaro Rubio-Cuadrado Iciar Alberdi Isabel Canellas Fernando Montes Jesús Rodríguez-Calcerrada Rosana López Guillermo G.Gordaliza maría Valbuena-Carabana nikos nanos Ramón Perea Luis Gil Departamento de dinamica y gestion forestal Instituto de Ciencias Forestales(ICIFOR-INIA)CSICCtra.La Coruna km 7.528040MadridSpain Departamento de Sistemas y Recursos naturales Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingeniería de MontesForestal y del Medio NaturalUniversidad Politecnica de Madrid.Ciudad Universitaria s/n28040MadridSpain School of Forestry and natural Environment Aristotle University of ThessalonikiUniversity Campus54124ThessalonikiGreece

There is an increasing interest in restoring degraded forests,which occupy half of the forest *** the forms of restoration,passive restoration,which involves the elimination of degrading factors and the free evolution of natural dynamics by applying minimal or no management,is gaining *** dynamics is difficult to predict due to the influence of multiple interacting factors such as climatic and edaphic conditions,composition and abundance of species,and the successional character of these ***,we study the natural dynamics of a mixed forest located in central Spain,which maintained an open forest structure,due to intensive use,until grazing and cutting were banned in the *** most frequent woody species in this forest are Fagus sylvatica,Quercus petraea,Quercus pyrenaica,Ilex aquifolium,Sorbus aucuparia,Sorbus aria and Prunus avium,with contrasting shade and drought *** species are common in temperate European deciduous forest and are found here near their southern distribution limit,except for *** order to analyze forest dynamics and composition,three inventories were carried out in 1994,2005 and *** results show that,despite the Mediterranean influence,the natural dynamics of this forest has been mainly determined by different levels of shade *** the abandonment of grazing and cutting,*** expanded rapidly due to its lower shade tolerance,whereas after canopy closure and forest densification,shade-tolerant species gained ground,particularly ***,despite its lower drought and late-frost *** the current dynamics continue,*** will overtake the rest of the species,which will be relegated to sites with shallow soils and steep ***,all the multi-centennial beech trees,which are undergoing a rapid mortality and decline process,will disappear.

关键词： Forest succession Secondary forest Woodland Mixed forest Competition Recruitment

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Brillouin expanded time-domain analysis based on dual optical frequency combs

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第8期13卷 1534-1544页

作者： Jae Hyeong Youn Kwang Yong Song Sonia martin-Lopez Miguel Gonzalez-Herraez maría R.Fernández-Ruiz Dept.of Physics Chung-Ang UniversitySeoulKorea Dept.of Electronics Universidad de AlcaláMadridSpain

Brillouin Optical Time-Domain Analysis(BOTDA)is a widely-used distributed optical fiber sensing technology employing pulse-modulated pump waves for local information retrieval of the Brillouin gain or loss *** spatial resolution of BOTDA systems is intrinsically linked to pulse duration,so high-resolution measurements demand high electronic bandwidths inversely proportional to the *** paper introduces Brillouin Expanded Time-Domain Analysis(BETDA)as a modified BOTDA system,simultaneously achieving high spatial resolution and low detection *** two optical frequency combs(OFCs)with different frequency intervals as pump and probe,local Brillouin gain spectra are recorded by their spectral beating traces in an expanded time domain.A 2-cm-long hotspot located in a 230m single-mode fiber is successfully measured in the time domain with a detection bandwidth of less than 100 kHz using dual OFCs with tailored spectral phase,line spacing,and bandwidth.

关键词： pump optical fiber

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Interplay between mesenchymal stromal cells and the immune system after transplantation: implications for advanced cell therapy in the retina

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neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 542-547页

作者： maría norte-Muñoz David García-Bernal Diego García-Ayuso Manuel Vidal-Sanz marta Agudo-Barriuso Grupo de Investigación Oftalmología Experimental Departamento de OftalmologíaOptometríaOtorrinolaringología y Anatomía PatológicaFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de MurciaInstituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria(IMIB)Campus de Ciencias de la Salud30120 MurciaSpain Grupo de Investigación Trasplante Hematopoyético y Terapia celular Departamento de Bioquímica e Inmunología.Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de MurciaInstituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria(IMIB)Campus de Ciencias de la Salud30120 MurciaSpain

Advanced mesenchymal stromal cell-based therapies for neurodegenerative diseases are widely investigated in preclinical *** stromal cells are well positioned as therapeutics because they address the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration,namely trophic factor deprivation and *** studies have focused on the beneficial effects of mesenchymal stromal cell transplantation on neuronal survival or functional ***,little attention has been paid to the interaction between mesenchymal stromal cells and the host immune system due to the immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stromal cells and the long-held belief of the immunoprivileged status of the central nervous ***,we review the crosstalk between mesenchymal stromal cells and the immune system in general and in the context of the central nervous system,focusing on recent work in the retina and the importance of the type of transplantation.

关键词： adaptive immunity cell therapy central nervous system immune system innate immunity mesenchymal stromal cells neuroregeneration preclinical studies retina transplantation

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Environmental drivers of long-term variations in the abundance of the red hocicudo mouse (Oxymycterus rufus) in Pampas agroecosystems

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 37-51页

作者： Laura mariel CALFAYAn Regino CAVIA Jimena FRASCHInA Juan Santiago GUIDOBOnO Irene Laura GOROSITO maría BUSCH Laboratorio de Ecología de Poblaciones Departamento de EcologíaGenética y EvoluciónFacultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos Aires and Instituto de EcologíaGenética y Evolución de Buenos Aires(IEGEBA)Buenos AiresArgentina

During the 20th century,there has been an ongoing agricultural expansion and global warming,two of the main determinants influencing biodiversity changes in *** red hocicudo mouse(Oxymycterus rufus)inhabits subtropical grasslands and riparian habitats and has increased its abundance in recent years in central Argentina *** paper describes the long-term temporal changes in *** abundance in Exaltación de la Cruz department,Buenos Aires province,Argentina,in relation to weatherfluctuations and landscape features,as well as analyzes the spatio-temporal structure of captures of *** used generalized liner models,semi-variograms,the Mantel test,and autocorrelation functions for the analysis of rodent data obtained from trappings conducted between 1984 and *** showed an increase in abundance across the years of study,with its distribution depending on landscape features,such as habitat types and the distance *** rates showed a spatio-temporal aggregation,suggesting expansion from previously occupied *** was more abundant at lower minimum temperatures in summer,higher precipitation in spring and summer,and lower precip-itations in *** conditions affected *** abundance,but there was local variation that differed from global patterns of climate change.

关键词： agroecosystems climate change linear habitats Oxymycterus rufus rodent

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Promotion of structural plasticity in area V2 of visual cortex prevents against object recognition memory deficits in aging and Alzheimer's disease rodents

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neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1835-1841页

作者： Irene navarro-Lobato mariam Masmudi-martín Manuel F.López-Aranda Juan F.López-Téllez Gloria Delgado Pablo Granados-Durán Celia Gaona-Romero marta Carretero-Rey Sinforiano Posadas maría E.Quiros-Ortega Zafar U.Khan Laboratory of neurobiology Centro de Investigaciones Médico Sanitarias(CIMES)University of MalagaMalagaSpain Department of Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MalagaMalagaSpain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades neurodegenerativas(CIBERnED) Institute of Health Carlos IIIMadridSpain the Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour Radboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands the Brain Metastasis Group National Cancer Research Centre(CNIO)MadridSpain the Department of neurobiology University of California-Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA

Memory deficit,which is often associated with aging and many psychiatric,neurological,and neurodegenerative diseases,has been a challenging issue for *** till now,all potential drug candidates have failed to produce satisfa ctory ***,in the search for a solution,we found that a treatment with the gene corresponding to the RGS14414protein in visual area V2,a brain area connected with brain circuits of the ventral stream and the medial temporal lobe,which is crucial for object recognition memory(ORM),can induce enhancement of *** this study,we demonstrated that the same treatment with RGS14414in visual area V2,which is relatively unaffected in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer s disease,produced longlasting enhancement of ORM in young animals and prevent ORM deficits in rodent models of aging and Alzheimer’s ***,we found that the prevention of memory deficits was mediated through the upregulation of neuronal arbo rization and spine density,as well as an increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDnF).A knockdown of BDnF gene in RGS14414-treated aging rats and Alzheimer s disease model mice caused complete loss in the upregulation of neuronal structural plasticity and in the prevention of ORM *** findings suggest that BDnF-mediated neuronal structural plasticity in area V2 is crucial in the prevention of memory deficits in RGS14414-treated rodent models of aging and Alzheimer’s ***,our findings of RGS14414gene-mediated activation of neuronal circuits in visual area V2 have therapeutic relevance in the treatment of memory deficits.

关键词： behavioral performance brain-derived neurotrophic factor cognitive dysfunction episodic memory memory circuit activation memory deficits memory enhancement object recognition memory prevention of memory loss regulator of G protein signaling

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Organ Abscission in Plants: With Special Emphasis on Bell Pepper

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第7期93卷 1467-1484页

作者： Ramiro Reyes-Castro Héctor G.núñez-Palenius Juan I.Valiente-Banuet maría E.Sosa-Morales Blanca E.Orosco-Alcalá Rafael Guzmán-Mendoza Graciela M.L.Ruiz-Aguilar Rogelio Costilla-Salazar Life Sciences Division Universidad de GuanajuatoIrapuato36500México School of Engineering and Sciences Tecnologico de MonterreyQuerétaro76130México

Bell pepper(Capsicum annuum L.),along with potato and tomato,is one of the three most cultivated vegetables in the *** pepper is worldwide accepted due to its characteristics of color,smell,ﬂavor,and *** pepper is also considered a nutritious food due to its vitamin and antioxidant *** Mexico,bell pepper production has a high value because it is grown for the international markets,particularly the United States of ***,the abscission ofﬂowers and fruits is a factor that limits the yield,hinders the planning of activities,and causes a variation in the prices of *** to the importance of this process,in this work we did a bibliometric analysis and literature review of scientiﬁc advances for the understanding of the abscission pro-cess in plants,and in particular for the bell ***,we introduce new perspectives that would help direct future research about organ abscission in ***,the lack of research that would further clarify abscis-sion process in the bell pepper plant is discussed.

关键词： Capsicum annuum abscission zone plant growth regulators environmental factors

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Intestinal anti-inflammatory effect of a plant sterol food supplement in experimental murine colitis and cell co-culture models

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Mussa Makran Antonio Cilla Rosa maría Giner maría Carmen Recio Luisa Tesoriere Alessandro Attanzio Guadalupe Garcia-Llatas nutrition and Food Science Area， Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences， University of Valencia.Av.Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n Department of Pharmacology， Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences， University of Valencia.Av.Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n Department of Biological， Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies， University of Palermo

The potential of a plant sterol food supplement （PS-FS） in addressing intestinal inflammation in vivo and in vitro was evaluated. As in vivo model， C57BL/6J mice were exposed to 1.5% dextran sulfate sodium in three 5-day periods， with 10-day rest intervals in between， daily reciving PS-FS （35 mg PS/kg）. The in vitro approach involved a bi-cameral system with 8-day-differentiated Caco-2 （apical） and RAW264.7 cells （basolateral）. The bioaccessible fraction of PS-FS， obtained after InFOGEST 2.0 simulated gastrointestinal digestion， was added to the apical part （90 min）， followed by stimulation with lipopolysaccharide （1 μg/mL， 24 h）. PS-FS alleviated rectal bleeding and rebalanced pro- (tumor necrosis factor α， interleukin （IL）-6， and IL-8) and anti-inflammatory cytokines （IL-10）. Additionally， PS-FS ameliorated histopathological damage and enhancing occludin expression. A reduction in oxidative stress was evidenced by decreased myeloperoxidase activity and reactive oxygen species production. The anti-inflammatory mechanism included suppressing cyclooxygenase 2 expression， reducing prostaglandin E2production， and inhibiting the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of the nuclear factor κB p65 subunit. This study reveals the potential of PS-FS as a therapeutic intervention for colitis. The alignment between in vivo and in vitro outcomes substantiates the appropriateness of the co-culture model to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of foods.

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Pharmacodynamic Study of Parallel Groups Comparing the Effect of Rivaroxaban 20 Mg (Laboratorios Leti, S.A.V.) vs Rivaroxaban 20 Mg (Bayer Laboratories) on Prothrombin Time

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2024年第3期15卷 123-133页

作者： Elsy Rodriguez de Roa maría Gonzalez Yibirin David Rincón Matute Carolina Aguilera Centro Médico Uslar Distrito Capital Caracas Venezuela Investigación Clínica Grupo Leti Guarenas Venezuela

Background: The prevalence of both atrial fibrillation (FA) and diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing and they often occur together and constitute a high risk of thrombosis. Rivaroxaban is a Factor Xa inhibitor with a rapid onset and disappearance of action after oral administration;it acts by inhibiting the active form of the coagulation factor. In order to reflect the effect of the action of Rivaroxaban, we used the prothrombin time (PT);however, it′s not the most accurate, but it is the one available in our community. Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, analyst-blinded, parallel group clinical study to verify the efficacy of Rivaroxaban Leti 20 mg (RL) (12 volunteers vs Rivaroxaban Bayer 20 mg (RB) (13 volunteers). The variables were determination of PT and Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT) at baseline and at 24, 48 and 72 hours after administering a daily dose of 20 mg for three days. The determination was carried out with the IDG method (Integrated Diagnostics Group Sanzay Corporation) with an International Sensitivity Index (ISI) of 1.17 PT and aPTT were taken before the first dose, and then, every day during the next 3 days, three hours after the ingestion of their daily dose at 7 am. Results: The 25 healthy volunteers were similar in age, BMI, and SBP/DBP level with a greater number of men in the Bayer group. The efficacy of rivaroxaban was similar in both groups with prolongation of PTT to the 2nd day of treatment with PT, and percentage changes from baseline (14.46 ± 0.97 for RB vs 14.17 ± 0.94 RL p: 0.45), PTT results and percentage changes from the base (RB: 34 ± 4.53 RL: 33.46 ± 2.82). The safety of rivaroxaban was good in both groups with no serious adverse events. The equivalence in the logarithmically transformed PT result (ln) on day two, Mean and CI (90%) 99.2 (94.4-104) and 100 (99.5-100.8);neither the means nor the 90% confidence intervals of the PT variable transformed logarithmically to ensure its normality, were far from the 80%-125%

关键词： Pharmacodynamic Study Rivaroxaban Clinical Trial PT aPTT

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Stress tensors and quantification of fracture patterns to analyze connectivity and potential fluid flow in a mesa landform of the northern Andes

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 271-291页

作者： GARCÍA-ARIAS Sergio VELAnDIA Francisco ALVAREZ Angélica SAnABRIA-GÓMEZ JoséD TARAZOnA Yessenia VARGAS maría Camila Escuela de Geología Universidad Industrial de SantanderCra.27 Calle 9BucaramangaColombia Escuela de Física Universidad Industrial de SantanderCra.27 Calle 9BucaramangaColombia

This work applies stress tensors inversions and quantification of fracture patterns along the Mesa de Los Santos, in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia, to better understand the potential fluid flow. It thus contributes to the conceptual hydrogeological model. The area was subdivided into three blocks, separated by the nW Potreros and the Los Santos faults, having minor inner faults of different orientations. This separation facilitates the analysis of the fractures measured in the field, which in general show high dip angles and a conjugate geometry in the northern block, tension fractures(Mode I) in the central block, and a random distribution in the southwestern block. WinTensor treatment of slickensides yielded a maximum horizontal stress(SHmax) of 111o, which coincides with the WnW-ESE tensor observed from the conjugate and tension joints. We then used Frac Pa Q to generate interpolation maps of fracture intensity and density. The maps show the highest values in the central block and the lowest in the northern block,where the precipitation is higher, causing intensive rock weathering and homogenization of the fracture planes. Although the highest values of connectivity by line are found to the south of the mesa, we suggest the possibility of greater flow from the recharge zone(nE) along bedding planes and open nW-SE fractures.

关键词： Mesa de Los Santos Colombia Win-Tensor FracPaQ Strike-slip faults Fractured aquifers

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Energy Planning of Beijing Towards Low-carbon,Clean and Efficient Development in 2035

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第3期10卷 913-928页

作者： Chengzhou Li ningling Wang Xiaohu Shen Yumeng Zhang Zhiping Yang Xiaofeng Tong François maréchal Ligang Wang Yongping Yang Institute of Energy Power Innovation North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China School of Energy Power and Mechanical Engineering and National Research Center for Thermal Power Engineering and TechnologyNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China Industrial Process and Energy Systems Engineering Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in LausanneSionSwitzerland

Energy transition towards clean,efficient energy supply has been a common sense of the government and public in ***,lacking reasonable planning will lead to undisciplined development,resource waste,and excessive *** this context,this paper investigates potential pathways of Beijing energy transition towards a high-level low-carbon,clean and efficient energy system in 2035 with an extended energysocpe ***,based on available data,future energy demands are predicted by a newly proposed hybrid forecasting method,which combines the traditional regression model,grey model,and support vector machine model with an entropy-based weighted ***,the superstructure-based optimization model is employed to investigate the system configuration and operation strategy of the future Beijing energy ***,the uncertainty impact of electricity price,natural gas price,hydrogen price,and the capital expenditures of electrolyzer and steam methane reforming for hydrogen applications are *** forecasting results show that all walks of life will witness a continuously increasing energy demand in multiple sectors of Beijing towards *** planning results suggest that the imported electricity and natural gas will dominate the energy supply of Beijing in 2035 with a contribution of 86%of the energy resources consumption of 384 ***,the energy system presents a high end-use electrification level of 65%and high penetration of efficient technologies,which supply 119 TWh via combined heat and power,26 TWh via heat pump and 95 TWh via district heating *** energy use of various sectors of energy resources,technologies and end-use are closely *** will have an increased penetration in the private mobility sector,but the locally generated hydrogen is mainly from steam methane reforming technology.

关键词： Energy transition energy planning carbonneutral demand forecasting energyscope

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