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Exploring the genetic control of sweat gland characteristics in beef cattle for enhanced heat tolerance

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第5期15卷 1820-1831页

作者： Aakilah S.Hernandez Gabriel A.Zayas Eduardo E.Rodriguez Kaitlyn m.Sarlo Davila Fahad Rafiq Andrea n.nunez Cristiane Goncalves Titto Raluca G.mateescu Department of Animal Science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNCUSA Department of Animal Sciences University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA. Ruminant Diseases and Immunology Research Unit National Animal Disease CentersUnited States Department of Agriculture1920 Dayton AvenueAmesIA 50010USA. Department of Animal Science Iowa StateAmesIAUSA School of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering University of Sao PauloAv Duque de Caxias Norte 225PirassunungaSao Paulo 13635‑900Brazil

Background Thermal stress in subtropical regions is a major limiting factor in beef cattle production systems with around$369 million being lost annually due to reduced *** stress causes numerous physiological and behavioral disturbances including reduced feed intake and decreased production *** utilize various physiological mechanisms such as sweating to regulate internal *** in these traits can help identify genetic variants that control sweat gland properties and subsequently allow for genetic selection of cattle with greater *** This study used 2,401 Brangus cattle from two commercial ranches in *** phenotypes that contribute to an animal's ability to manage heat stress were calculated from skin biopsies and included sweat gland area,sweat gland depth,and sweat gland *** animals were genotyped with the Bovine GGP F250K,and BLUPF90 software was used to estimate genetic parameters and for Genome Wide Association *** Sweat gland phenotypes heritability ranged from 0.17 to 0.42 indicating a moderate amount of the phenotypic variation is due to genetics,allowing producers the ability to select for favorable sweat gland properties.A weighted single-step GWAS using sliding 10 kb windows identified multiple quantitative trait loci(QTLs)explaining a significant amount of genetic *** located on BTA7 and BTA12 explained over 1.0%of genetic variance and overlap the ADGRV1 and CCDC168 genes,*** variants identified in this study are implicated in processes related to immune function and cellular proliferation which could be relevant to heat *** of Origin Alleles(BOA)were predicted using local ancestry in admixed populations(LAmP-LD),allowing for identification of markers'origin from either Brahman or Angus ancestry.A BOA GWAS was performed to identify regions inherited from particular ancestral breeds that might have a significant impact on sweat gland pheno

关键词： GWAS Heritability Skin Thermotolerance

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nonlinear dynamic modeling of planar moving Timoshenko beam considering non-rigid non-elastic axial effects

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 479-496页

作者： m.ABBASI GAVARI m.R.HOmAEInEZHAD Faculty of mechanical Engineering K.N.Toosi University of TechnologyTehran 19991-43344Iran

Due to the importance of vibration effects on the functional accuracy of mechanical systems,this research aims to develop a precise model of a nonlinearly vibrating single-link mobile flexible *** manipulator consists of an elastic arm,a rotary motor,and a rigid carrier,and undergoes general in-plane rigid body motion along with elastic transverse *** accurately model the elastic behavior,Timoshenko’s beam theory is used to describe the flexible arm,which accounts for rotary inertia and shear deformation *** applying newton’s second law,the nonlinear governing equations of motion for the manipulator are derived as a coupled system of ordinary differential equations(ODEs)and partial differential equations(PDEs).Then,the assumed mode method(Amm)is used to solve this nonlinear system of governing equations with appropriate shape *** assumed modes can be obtained after solving the characteristic equation of a Timoshenko beam with clamped boundary conditions at one end and an attached mass/inertia at the *** addition,the effect of the transverse vibration of the inextensible arm on its axial behavior is *** the axial rigidity,the effect makes the rigid body dynamics invalid for the axial behavior of the ***,numerical simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of the developed model,and the results are compared with those obtained by the finite element *** comparison confirms the validity of the proposed dynamic model for the *** to the mentioned features,this model can be reliable for investigating the system’s vibrational behavior and implementing vibration control algorithms.

关键词： planar moving Timoshenko beam non-rigid non-elastic axial effect as-sumed mode method(Amm) nonlinear motion analysis

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Free vibration and buckling analysis of polymeric composite beams reinforced by functionally graded bamboo fbers

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 543-562页

作者： H.m.FEIZABAD m.H.YAS Department of mechanical Engineering Razi UniversityKermanshah ***Iran

natural fibers have been extensively researched as reinforcement materials in polymers on account of their environmental and economic advantages in comparison with synthetic fibers in the recent *** fibers are renowned for their good mechanical properties,abundance,and short cycle *** beams are one of the fundamental structural components and are susceptible to mechanical loads in engineering applications,this paper performs a study on the free vibration and buckling responses of bamboo fiber reinforced composite(BFRC)beams on the elastic *** different functionally graded(FG)layouts and a uniform one are the considered distributions for unidirectional long bamboo fibers across the *** elastic properties of the composite are determined with the law of *** Hamilton’s principle,the governing equations of motion are *** generalized differential quadrature method(GDQm)is then applied to the equations to obtain the *** achieved outcomes exhibit that the natural frequency and buckling load values vary as the fiber volume fractions and distributions,elastic foundation stiffness values,and boundary conditions(BCs)and slenderness ratio of the beam ***,a comparative study is conducted between the derived analysis outcomes for BFRC and homogenous polymer beams to examine the effectiveness of bamboo fibers as reinforcement materials,demonstrating the significant enhancements in both vibration and buckling responses,with the exception of natural frequencies for cantilever beams on the Pasternak foundation with the FG-◇fiber ***,the obtained analysis results of BFRC beams are also compared with those for carbon nanotube reinforced composite(CnTRC)beams found in the literature,indicating that the buckling loads and natural frequencies of BFRC beams are lower than those of CnTRC beams.

关键词： bamboo fiber free vibration buckling analysis functionally graded(FG)beam elastic foundation generalized differential quadrature method(GDQm)

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Extended Deep Learning Algorithm for Improved Brain Tumor Diagnosis System

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2024年第1期39卷 33-55页

作者： m.Adimoolam K.maithili n.m.Balamurugan R.Rajkumar S.Leelavathy Raju Kannadasan mohd Anul Haq Ilyas Khan ElSayed m.Tag El Din Arfat Ahmad Khan Department of Computer Engineering Government Polytechnic CollegeSevvapetTiruvallurTamil Nadu602025India Department of Computer Science and Engineering KG Reddy College of Engineering and TechnologyHyderabadTelangana500075India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sri Venkateswara College of EngineeringSriperumbudurChennai602117India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Annamalai UniversityChidambaramTamil Nadu608002India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Aarupadai Veedu Institute of TechnologyVinayaka Mission Research FoundationPaiyanurTamil Nadu603104India Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sri Venkateswara College of EngineeringSriperumbudur602117India Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of mathematics College of Science Al-ZulfiMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering&TechnologyFuture University in EgyptNew Cairo11835Egypt Department of Computer Science College of ComputingKhon Kaen UniversityKhon Kaen40002Thailand

At present,the prediction of brain tumors is performed using machine Learning(mL)and Deep Learning(DL)*** various mL and DL algorithms are adapted to predict brain tumors to some range,some concerns still need enhancement,particularly accuracy,sensitivity,false positive and false negative,to improve the brain tumor prediction system ***,this work proposed an Extended Deep Learning Algorithm(EDLA)to measure performance parameters such as accuracy,sensitivity,and false positive and false negative *** addition,these iterated measures were analyzed by comparing the EDLA method with the Convolutional neural network(Cnn)way further using the SPSS tool,and respective graphical illustrations were *** results were that the mean performance measures for the proposed EDLA algorithm were calculated,and those measured were accuracy(97.665%),sensitivity(97.939%),false positive(3.012%),and false negative(3.182%)for ten *** in the case of the Cnn,the algorithm means accuracy gained was 94.287%,mean sensitivity 95.612%,mean false positive 5.328%,and mean false negative 4.756%.These results show that the proposed EDLA method has outperformed existing algorithms,including Cnn,and ensures symmetrically improved *** EDLA algorithm introduces novelty concerning its performance and particular activation *** proposed method will be utilized effectively in brain tumor detection in a precise and accurate *** algorithm would apply to brain tumor diagnosis and be involved in various medical diagnoses *** the quantity of dataset records is enormous,then themethod’s computation power has to be updated.

关键词： Brain tumor extended deep learning algorithm convolution neural network tumor detection deep learning

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Old-growth mixed dipterocarp forests show variable losses and gains in aboveground biomass and standing carbon over forty years

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 14-23页

作者： Sisira Ediriweera Champika Bandara Tithira Lakkana Shanika Jayasinghe David Woodbury Arun Dayanandan B.m.P.Singhakumara Xiangcheng mi I.A.U.n.Gunatilleke C.V.S.Gunatilleke mark SAshton Department of Science and Technology Uva Wellassa UniversityBadullaSri Lanka The Forest School Yale School of the EnvironmentYale UniversityNew HavenCT06511USA Department of Forestry and Environmental Science University of Sri JayewardenepuraNugegodaSri Lanka State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China Botany Department University of PeradeniyaPeradeniyaSri Lanka

Background:no studies have documented long-term trends in aboveground biomass(AGB)for mixed-dipterocarp forests(mDF),the dominant rain forest type in tropical wet equatorial *** our study,we sought to document such trends over forty years across three sites representing lowland to lower montane ***:To do this,we established fifty 100 m×25 m plots in 1978 across three sites sampled along an elevation gradient,identified as mature old-growth *** measured trees for diameter at breast height that we identified to species and *** took wood samples to calculate species wood-specific *** re-measured plots in 1998 and again in ***:We show standing AGB for all sites combined to be 517.52 mg·ha^(-1)in 1978,but this declined by 17%over 40 years to 430.11 mg·ha^(-1).no differences exist among sites in AGB primarily because of considerable within site variation;but interactions of time with site show declines across sites were not uniform,one remained about the *** few species represented a high proportion of the AGB with the top five species comprising between 34%and 65%,depending upon site and year *** species,mesua nagassarium,represented a disproportionately large amount of AGB and decline over time,particularly at the low elevation ***:Our results are directly relevant to estimating AGB and standing carbon sequestered in *** study is the first to demonstrate varying but overall,declining trends in amounts of AGB among forests making predictions of biomass and standing carbon in mDF difficult over wide regions.

关键词： Western ghats Shorea spp. Southeast Asia Sri Lanka Tropical rain forest Wood specific gravity

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