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Evolution of Biochemical, Hematological, Inflammatory and Immunological Markers among Person Living with HIV-1 on ART in Burkina Faso

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2021年第2期11卷 104-121页

作者： S. Rokiatou Henry yeri esther hien S. Guillaume Sanou Appollinaire Kima P. Denise Ilboudo Elie Kabre Yves Traore Laboratoire National de Santé Publique (LNSP) Boulevard des Tensoba Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Biochimie et d’Immunologie Appliquée (LABIA) Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Science de la Vie et de la Terre Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre National de Recherche et de Formation sur le Paludisme (CNRFP) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Medecin Referent Communuty Association ALAVI Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Université de Fada N’Gourma Fada N’Gourma Burkina Faso

In Human immunodeficiency virus infected (HIV+) patients, deregulation of regulatory T (Treg) cells can be deleterious for the development of an efficient anti-HIV specific immune response with an inappropriate immune activation despite anti-retroviral therapy (ART). In addition, infection and ART have the potential to cause hematological and biochemical abnormalities that can lead to the discontinuation of ART. The aim of this study was to assess hematological, biochemical and immunological abnormalities in HIV+ patients’ naïve to ART and 6 months after ART initiation. In a cross-sectional study, 11 HIV+ patients and 09 healthy individuals (control group) were voluntarily recruited. At inclusion, blood samples were taken before administration of ART. All hematological, biochemical, immunological parameters and viral load were measured and assessed at inclusion (M0) and three and/or six months later (M3, M6). Higher level of white blood cells and CD4+ T lymphocytes (p = 0.032, 0.038 respectively) were observed in HIV+ patients. ART also had significantly effect on the level of red blood cells (p = 0.04) and Hb (p = 0.015). The inflammatory markers, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) that were significantly increased by HIV infection, tended to decrease for ESR and revert to levels similar to those of control for CRP. Analysis of CD4+CD25+ cells and CD4+Foxp3+CD25+ showed significantly elevated levels of activated form of all CD4+ cells and Treg cells. Interestingly, six months after initiation of ART, the average percentage of CD4+CD25+ was not significantly different from control group (p = 0.382). Our study provides information about the evolution of the activated form of all CD4 cells and Treg cells and points out the necessity to monitor hematological and biochemical parameters in order to detect and prevent toxicity, improve the quality of life and reduce the risk of mortality.

关键词： Biological Markers TReg ART HIV Burkina Faso

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Surgical Site Infection (SSI) in the National Referral General Hospital of Ndjamena (Chad): Survey about Risk Factors

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2021年第5期9卷 1-11页

作者： Hassan Mahamat Ali yeri esther hien Cheikna Zongo Denis Erbi Ali Haroun Hissein François Tapsoba Abacar Mahamat Tahir Brahim Adoum Ahamt Yves Traore Aly Savadogo Sectoral Program to Fight AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Infections (PSLS/IST) N’Djamena Chad Laboratoire de Biochimie et d’Immunologie Appliquées (LaBIA) Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo de Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Recherche de Diagnostic et d’Expertises Scientifiques (Labo REDES) de N’Djamena N’Djamena Chad

The risk to develop an infection after surgery depends on several factors. Those factors may be interdependent or not, depending on the nature of the surgery and the general condition of the patient. The aim of the present study was to identify the factors involved in the occurrence of the Surgical Site Infections (SSI) in the National referral general hospital of N’djamena (Chad). We first realized an interview in the emergency services and in the general surgery of the hospital. The information collected allowed us to draw up survey sheets. An investigation was then conducted on 152 patients who had surgery and were hospitalized during the study period. The frequency of the SSI was 33.6% (51/152). The main risk factors that we identified were the duration of hospitalization, the category of the hospitalization room, the urgent aspect of the surgical intervention, the patient’s nutritional status and the associated diseases with diabetes, which was present in 52.38% (11/21) of cases of associated pathologies. Analysis of the antibiotic prophylaxis administered to patients showed that ciprofloxacin was more effective in SSI prevention. Indeed, this antibiotic showed the fewest cases of infection with only 1.9% of patients having developed SSI. Our results show a very high frequency of SSI at the National referral general hospital of N’djamena. Poor hospital practices and factors associated to patients seem to be the most factors implicated in the SSI.

关键词： Surgical Site Infections Risk Factors Nutritional Status Associated Diseases Chad

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Seroepidemiological Study of Dengue Virus Infection Suspected Cases in Burkina Faso

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第1期11卷 47-56页

作者： Kima Donatien yeri esther hien Sawadogo Salam Nebié K. Yacouba Ilboudo P. Denise Abdoul Rahamani Nikièma Diallo Mariam Kafando Eléonore Yves Traoré Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pédiatrique Charles de Gaulle Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Biochimie et d’Immunologie Appliquée (LaBIA) Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Université de Fada N’Gourma Fada N’Gourma Burkina Faso Institut de Recherche en Science de la Santé (IRSS) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne disease caused by four related but antigenically distinct dengue viruses. In the last half-century, the prevalence of dengue fever has increased dramatically (up to 30%) worldwide, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. In Burkina Faso, the last dengue epidemic occurred in 2016, and the epidemiological situation is still poorly documented at the national level. Therefore, the present study aimed to conduct a sentinel seroepidemiology of suspected dengue virus infections from 2017 to 2020 at Charles de Gaulle University Pediatric Hospital Center of Ouagadougou. This investigation was designed to be a descriptive and analytical study. Patients with suspected cases of dengue fever were recruited from January 2017 to December 2020 during general medicine consultation and referred to Charles de Gaulle University Pediatric Hospital Center of Ouagadougou for the serological diagnosis of dengue. Venous blood was collected in dry or EDTA tubes and tested for DENV NS1 antigen, anti-dengue IgM, and anti-dengue IgG using SD Bioline Dengue Duo Rapid Detection Kit (Standard Diagnostic Inc., Korea). A total of 3400 blood samples from clinically suspected dengue cases were analyzed, of which 1784 (52.5%) were males, and 1616 (47.5%) were females. Among the 3400 patients included in the study, 661 (19.4%) were tested at least positive for NS1 antigen, anti-dengue IgM or anti-IgG. Among them, individuals positive for IgG suggesting past dengue virus infection were found in more than a third of 262 (7.7%) of the cases. Approximately, 80.0% (2705/3400) dengue suspected cases and 85.5% (341/399) early or primary dengue infections were recorded in the last four months of the study (September to December 2020), with a peak in mid-October and mid-November. There was no statistically significant difference in seroprevalence between males and females (p = 0.7), but an increasing seropositivity trend with age, from 11.6% for the patient under 5 years group to 39.7%

关键词： Dengue Seroepidemiology Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

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Identification of Bacteria Strains Isolated in Urinary Tract Infections and Their Antibiotic Susceptibility at the National Public Health Laboratory, Ouagadougou

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2022年第3期12卷 83-95页

作者： Sandrine Ouedraogo Dissinviel Stéphane Kpoda Lamoussa Paul Ouattara Cheikna Zongo Yéri esther hien Paulette Karfo Désiré Nezien Elie Kabre Algas Barreda Pillar Aly Savadogo Laboratoire de Biochimie et Immunologie Appliquées (LABIA) Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre Universitaire de Ziniare (CU-Z) Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Biotechnologie Microbienne (LAMBM) Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire des Substances Naturelles et des Technologies des Produits Naturels et de l’Environnement (LABTECH-PRONE) Institut de Recherche en Sciences Appliquées et Technologies (IRSAT) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire National de Santé Publique (LNSP) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Background: Urinary tract infections are still a real public health concern. The aim of this study was to identify the bacteria strains involved in urinary tract infections and to determine their antibiotic resistance profiles. Methods: Two kinds of studies were performed. The retrospective study was carried out for 2 years (from January 2018 to December 2019), and the prospective study was extended over a period of 6 months (from January to June 2020). Isolation and identification of bacteria strains were performed using conventional microbiology techniques. The strains’ resistance profiles were determined by the diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton according to the criteria of EUCAST- 2015. Fourteen (14) antibiotic discs were used depending on the isolated germ. Results: A total of 187 bacterial strains were isolated from 82 men and 105 women. Among the germs identified, 77.54% were Enterobacteriaceae and 13.36% were cocci strains. Non-fermentative gram-negative bacilli accounted for 9.08% of the isolated bacteria. The results showed that the majority of Enterobacteriaceae strains were resistant to beta-lactams: 100% to amoxicillin, 98.75% to amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, 41.76% to ceftriaxone, and 43.14% to ceftazidime. These findings were obtained with fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides: 50.09% with ciprofloxacin, 54.04% with norfloxacin, and 22.58% with amikacin. 8.75% of the Enterobacteriaceae strains tested were resistant to imipenem. The same trends were observed with non-fer- mentative bacteria. As for the gram-positive bacteria isolated during our study, 13.33% were resistant to vancomycin, 21.05% to gentamicin, 94.12% to penicillin G, 88.89% to ampicillin, 77.78% to cefotaxime, 63.63% to kanamycin, and 52.63% to erythromycin. Conclusion: This study revealed, as in other studies, that Enterobacteriaceae strains remain the most incriminated bacteria strains in urinary tract infections, with a strong resistance to antibiotics. It is important that actions b

关键词： Urinary Tract Infections Enterobacteriaceae Antibiotic Resistance Ouagadougou

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Hepatitis B and C Immunological and Molecular Parameter Analysis in HIV-Positive Patients Undergoing Antiretroviral Therapy at Saint Camille Hospital in Ouagadougou (HOSCO), Burkina Faso

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2022年第1期12卷 20-41页

作者： Denise P. Ilboudo W. W. Eudoxie Kévine Savadogo Théodora M. Zohoncon Estelle Savadogo Yéri esther hien Lassina Traore Djéneba Ouermi Wendkuuni Florencia Djigma Christelle M. Nadembega Marius Belemgnegre Paul Ouedraogo Mahamoudou Sanou Damintoti Simplice Karou Yves Traore Jacques Simpore Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Molecular Genetics (LABIOGENE) UFR/SVT University Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso University of Fada N’Gourma Fada N’Gourma Burkina Faso Laboratory of Biochemistry and Applied Immunology University Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Biomolecular Research Center Pietro Annigoni (CERBA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Université Saint Thomas d’Aquin Faculté de Médecine Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Hopital Saint Camille Ouagadougou (HOSCO) Ouagadougou Burkina Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Science De la Santé (UFR/SDS) Université Joseph KI-ZERBO (UJKZ) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Ecole Supérieure des Techniques Biologiques et Alimentaires (ESTBA-UL) Université de Lomé Lomé Togo

Knowledge of the clinical and biological profile of patients infected with HIV and hepatitis B and/or C is essential in order to identify and implement effective management strategies. Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study from January 01, 2016 to June 01, 2021. Adult patients aged at least 18 years infected with HIV type 1 and/or 2, na?ve to ARV treatment. Univariate analyses were assessed using Pearson’s Chi2 test. The Student Newman test was used for comparison between groups using R software version 4.0.2. Objective: To draw up the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical and evolutionary profiles of HIV-treated-patients in relation to HIV/HBV and HIV/HCV co-infections in order to allow the identification and the implementation of effective management strategies. Results: Of the 379 patients included 280 (73.88%) were women. At treatment initiation, the mean age was 40.14 ± 11.84 years. The majority of patients consulted at WHO stage III (51.45%). Clinical suspicion was the most frequent screening circumstance (51.71%). The pathologies frequently reported at the first consultation were diarrhea (28%) and shingles (16%). Body mass index was normal in 50.5% of patients. HIV1 infection was the majority (91.03%). A total of 270 had a CD4 count at treatment initiation. The mean CD4 cell count was 304.17 ± 242.06 cells/μL, and 116 (42.59%) of them had a CD4 ≤ 200 cells/μL. Viral load at treatment initiation was documented in 62 patients (16.35%) and 70.97% of them had a detectable viral load (greater than 1000 copies/mL). The clinical and biological evolution was relatively good in patients after therapeutic initiation. HIV-HBV co-infection was 24.11% and HIV-HCV co-infection was 2.26%. The mortality rate was 3.69%. Conclusion: These results reflect a significant delay in HIV infection diagnosis. Furthermore, hepatitis B and/or C is co-infections that increasingly affect people living with HIV. It also appears that COVID 19 disease has had a strong impact

关键词： HIV Clinical-Biological Profile Hepatitis B and C Co-Infection Burkina Faso

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Identification of Bacteria Strains Isolated in Urinary Tract Infections and Their Antibiotic Susceptibility at the National Public Health Laboratory, Ouagadougou

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology（医学微生物学） 2022年第3期

作者： sandrine ouedraogo dissinviel stéphane kpoda lamoussa paul ouattara cheikna zongo yéri esther hien paulette karfo désirénezien elie kabre algas barreda pillar aly savadogo

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