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Enhancing the efficiency and scalability of perovskite solar cells through pseudo-halide salt addition

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第34期165卷 161-169页

作者： Dohun Baek Geon yeong Park Jeongbeom Cha Hyemi Na Dong Seok Ham Min kim School of Chemical Engineering Future Energy Research CenterJeonbuk National UniversityJeonju 54896Republic of Korea Graduate School of Integrated Energy-AI Jeonbuk National UniversityJeonju 54896Republic of Korea Chemical Materials Solutions Center Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology(KRICT)Daejeon 34114Republic of Korea

Organic-inorganic halide perovskites have significant potential for application in next-generation solar ***,their applications are limited by challenges associated with large-area processability and long-term stability owing to the presence of pinholes and defect ***,we incorporated cesium formate in a perovskite active layer using a sequential perovskite fabrication process to eliminate the defect sites of perovskites and improve the film processability via roll-to-roll(R2R)*** addition of cesium formate salt to the PbI2 layer influences the perovskite crystal formation behavior as well as increases the perovskite crystallinity and decreases the defect ***,cesium formate addition eliminated small PbI2 grains and smoothed the perovskite surface,resulting in a large crystal grain *** formate ions interact with the PbI2 component and passivate halide vacancy defects,reducing nonradiative recombination and improving charge ***,the treated perovskite films were highly stable in air,exhibiting improved efficiency retention over time and achieving a power conversion efficiency(PCE)of>22%compared to the ***,the additive-treated perovskite film was processed using the R2R method,achieving a high PCE of>14%with minimal hysteresis.

关键词： Perovskite Solar Cells Pseudo-halide ion Stability Roll-to-roll process

The use of artificial nest boxes by Siberian flying squirrels (Pteromys volans) in South Korea

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第3期30卷 1131-1137页

作者： Jong-U kim Woo-shin Lee eun-Jae Lee Department of Forest Sciences Seoul National University Seoul 08826Republic of Korea Urban Planning Research Division Daejeon Sejong Research InstituteDaejeon 34863Republic of Korea

In this study, we examined the use of artificial nest boxes by Siberian flying squirrels (Pteromys volans) in three coniferous and mixed forests in Gangwon Province, South Korea. Six hundred and twelve boxes with different sized entry holes (ranging from 3 to 7 cm in diameter) were placed in the forests between 2004 and 2009. Pteromys volans used nine boxes in the coniferous forests and two boxes in the mixed forests. The squirrels only used boxes with entrance holes measuring 3.5, 4, and 5 cm in diameter, showing a strong and moderate preference for boxes with 5 and 4-cm holes, respectively, and a strong avoidance for boxes with 3- and 7-cm holes. Therefore, we suggest placing artificial nest boxes with entrance holes 5 cm in diameter to encourage breeding activity. Most nests made in the artificial boxes were composed of fibrous materials from woody vines. We recommend placing artificial nest boxes with holes of 5-cm diameter in coniferous forests, which support dense populations of P. volans, to survey whether this approach would positively affect the breeding habits and population maintenance of this species.

关键词： Artificial nest box Coniferous forests Nest materials Siberian flying squirrel Woody vines

Highly Concentrated,Conductive,Defect-free Graphene Ink for Screen-Printed Sensor Application

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Nano-Micro Letters 2021年第6期13卷 17-30页

作者： Dong Seok kim Jae-Min Jeong Hong Jun Park yeong Kyun kim Kyoung G.Lee Bong Gill Choi Department of Chemical Engineering Kangwon National UniversitySamcheokGangwon-do 25913Republic of Korea Resources Utilization Research Center Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral ResourcesDaejeon 34132Republic of Korea Center for Nano Bio Development National Nanofab CenterDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea

Conductive inks based on graphene materials have received significant attention for the fabrication of a wide range of printed and flexible ***,the application of graphene fillers is limited by their restricted mass production and the low concentration of their *** this study,a highly concentrated and conductive ink based on defect-free graphene was developed by a scalable fluid dynamics process.A high shear exfoliation and mixing process enabled the production of graphene at a high concentration of 47.5 mg mL^(−1)for graphene *** screen-printed graphene conductor exhibits a high electrical conductivity of 1.49×10^(4)S m^(−1)and maintains high conductivity under mechanical bending,compressing,and fatigue *** on the as-prepared graphene ink,a printed electrochemical sodium ion(Na^(+))sensor that shows high potentiometric sensing performance was ***,by integrating a wireless electronic module,a prototype Na^(+)-sensing watch is demonstrated for the real-time monitoring of the sodium ion concentration in human sweat during the indoor exercise of a *** scalable and efficient procedure for the preparation of graphene ink presented in this work is very promising for the low-cost,reproducible,and large-scale printing of flexible and wearable electronic devices.

关键词： Graphene ink Fluid dynamics Screen printing Ion sensor Real-time monitoring

3D engineered tissue models for studying human-specific infectious viral diseases

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第3期21卷 576-594页

作者： Kyeong Seob Hwang eun U Seo Nakwon Choi Jongbaeg kim Hong Nam kim Brain Science Institute Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Seoul02792Republic of Korea School of Mechanical Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoul03722Republic of Korea Yonsei-KIST Convergence Research Institute Yonsei UniversitySeoul03722Republic of Korea Division of Bio-Medical Science&Technology KIST SchoolKorea University of Science and Technology(UST)Seoul02792Republic of Korea KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology Korea UniversitySeoul02841Republic of Korea

Viral infections cause damage to various organ systems by inducing organ-specific symptoms or systemic multi-organ *** on the infection route and virus type,infectious diseases are classified as respiratory,nervous,immune,digestive,or skin *** these infectious diseases can widely spread in the com-munity and their catastrophic effects are severe,identification of their causative agent and mechanisms un-derlying their pathogenesis is an urgent *** infection-associated mechanisms have been studied in two-dimensional(2D)cell culture models and animal models,they have shown limitations in organ-specific or human-associated pathogenesis,and the development of a human-organ-mimetic system is ***,three-dimensional(3D)engineered tissue models,which can present human organ-like physiology in terms of the 3D structure,utilization of human-originated cells,recapitulation of physiological stimuli,and tight cell–cell interactions,were ***,recent studies have shown that these models can recapitulate infection-associated *** this review,we summarized the recent advances in 3D engineered tissue models that mimic organ-specific viral ***,we briefly described the limitations of the current 2D and animal models in recapitulating human-specific viral infection ***,we provided an overview of recently reported viral infection models,focusing particularly on organ-specific infection ***,a future perspective that must be pursued to reconstitute more human-specific infectious diseases is presented.

关键词： 3D engineered tissue model Infectious viral disease Infection route Pathology In vivo-mimicking

Insights into the changes in the surface properties of goethite with Ni in the lattice in the presence of salicylhydroxamic acid:Experimental and density functional theory studies

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第4期31卷 665-677页

作者： Levie Mweene Gilsang Hong Hee-eun Jeong Hee-won Kang Hyunjung kim Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering Hanyang University222 Wangsimni-roSeongdong-guSeoul 04763Republic of Korea

Comparative experiments and theoretical analysis of the surface chemistry changes of goethite(GT)and goethite containing Ni(GTN)in the lattice in the presence of salicylhydroxamic acid(SA)were *** was revealed that in the presence of 100 g·t^(-1)of SA,the flotation recovery of GTN and GT increased with increasing pH,achieving a maximum recovery of 98.9%for both minerals at p H 8.3 and decreasing beyond that pH,with GTN having a slightly higher recovery than GT,except at pH *** was further confirmed by the higher complexation energies of GTN···SA(-883.87 kJ·mol^(-1))compared with GT···SA(-604.23 kJ·mol^(-1))resulting from covalent,closed-shell,and conventional hydrogen *** higher adsorption of SA onto GTN relative to GT was due to the formation of aπ-hole in GTN,thereby promoting a higher interaction of the collector with the ***,the presence of Ni in the GT lattice improves and decreases the adsorption and desorption of SA onto and from the mineral,respectively,compared with those onto and from GT.

关键词： nickel goethite adsorption salicylhydroxamic acid recovery

Transparent-cap-fitted colonoscopy shows higher performance with cecal intubation time in difficult cases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第16期18卷 1953-1958页

作者： Hyung Hun kim Seun Ja Park Moo In Park Won Moon Sung eun kim Department of Internal Medicine Kosin University College of MedicineBusan 602-702South Korea

AIM:To investigate the efficacy of cap-fitted colonoscopy(CFC) with regard to cecal intubation ***:Two hundred and ninety-five patients undergoing screening colonoscopy at Gospel Hospital,Kosin University College of Medicine were enrolled in this randomized controlled trial between January and December *** were conducted by a single *** characteristics including age,sex,body mass index,history of abdominal surgery,quality of preparation,and the presence of diverticulosis were ***:One hundred and fifty patients were allocated into a CFC group and 145 into a non-CFC(NCF) *** intubations were achieved in all *** intubation time in the CFC group was significantly shorter than in the NCF group for specific conditions:age ≥ 60 years,prior abdominal surgery,and poor bowel *** number of detected adenomas was higher in the CFC group than in the NCF group(P = 0.040).CONCLUSION:CFC facilitated shortening of the cecal intubation time in difficult cases,and was more sensitive for detecting adenomas than was NCF.

关键词： Colonoscopy Cap-fitted colonoscopy Cecal intubation

Patient safety culture and handoff evaluation of nurses in small and medium-sized hospitals

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2021年第1期8卷 58-64,I0004页

作者： Jung Hee kim Jung Lim Lee eun Man kim Department of Nursing Science Shinsung UniversityChungnamSouth Korea Department of Nursing Daejeon UniversityDaejeonSouth Korea Department of Nursing Science Sun Moon UniversityChungnamSouth Korea

Objectives:This study was conducted to investigate the current status of handoffs,perception of patient safety culture,and degrees of handoff evaluation in small and medium-sized hospitals and identified factors that make a difference in handoff ***:This is a descriptive study.425 nurses who work at small and medium-sized hospitals in South Korea were included in our *** completed a set of self-reporting questionnaires that evaluated demographic data,handoff-related characteristics,perception of patient safety culture,and handoff ***:Results showed that the overall score of awareness of a patient safety culture was 3.65±0.45,the level was *** score of handoff evaluation was 5.24±*** nurses experienced errors in handoff and most nurses had no guidelines and checklist in the *** evaluation differed significantly according to the level of education,work patterns,duration of hospital employment,handoff method,degree of satisfaction with the current handoff method,errors occurring at the time of handoff,handoff guidelines,and appropriateness of handoff education time(P<0.05).Conclusion:For handoff improvement,guidelines and standards should be *** is necessary to develop a structured handoff education *** formal handoff education should be implemented to spread knowledge uniformly.

关键词： Evaluation studies Handoff Hospital nursing staff Patient safety

Tribological behavior of TiN,AlTiN,and AlTiCrN coatings in atmospheric and vacuum environments

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Friction 2024年第11期12卷 2611-2626页

作者： Youn-Hoo HWANG Kuk-Jin SEO Tae-Hyeong kim You Jin MIN Yuzhen LIU Dae-eun kim Department of Mechanical Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea Department of Mechatronics and Energy Engineering Ningbo Tech UniversityNingbo 315211China

In this study,the tribological characteristics of TiN,AlTiN,and AlTiCrN coatings sliding against a SUS420J1 stainless steel pin were investigated in atmospheric and vacuum *** coatings were deposited on SUS440C substrates using the arc-physical vapor deposition *** friction and wear behavior of the coatings were evaluated based on the systematic analyses of the friction coefficient data as well as the physical and chemical state of the wear *** results revealed that the friction coefficients of the SUS440C specimen and AlTiCrN coatings increased,whereas those of the TiN and AlTiN coatings decreased when the environment was changed from atmospheric to *** was confirmed that the formation of an oxide layer and adsorption of oxides on the surface were dominant factors that influenced the tribological behavior in the atmospheric *** the other hand,the compatibility,oxidation inhibition,and droplets of the surface mainly affected the frictional characteristics in the vacuum *** results of this work are expected to aid in the selection of proper coating materials for tribological systems operating in a vacuum.

关键词： friction wear coating vacuum TiN

How has the disease course of pediatric ulcerative colitis changed throughout the biologics era?A comparison with the IBSEN study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第28期28卷 3666-3681页

作者： Yiyoung Kwon eun Sil kim Yon Ho Choe Mi Jin kim Department of Pediatrics Samsung Medical CenterSeoul 06351South Korea Department of Pediatrics Kangbuk Samsung Medical CenterSeoul 03181South Korea

BACKGROUND In Korea,infliximab was approved for use in children with ulcerative colitis(UC)in October *** To compare the clinical course of UC before and after the introduction of biological agents,and to compare with the IBSEN *** Patients under 18 years of age,who were diagnosed with UC and followed from January 2003 to October 2020,were included in the *** A(n=48)was followed for at least 2 years between January 2003 and October 2012,and Group B(n=62)was followed for at least 2 years between November 2012 and October *** compared endoscopic remission,drug composition,relapse rate,steroidfree period,and the quality of life of each *** plotted the clinical course of the included patients using the pediatric UC activity index score,and compared our patients with those in the IBSEN *** After 2 years of treatment,colonoscopy evaluation revealed different outcomes in the two treatment *** was confirmed in 14 patients(29.2%)of Group A,and in 31 patients(50.0%)of Group B(P<0.012).The median cumulative corticosteroid-free period was 3.0 years in Group A and 4.4 years in Group ***-free period of Group B was significantly longer than that of Group A(P<0.001).There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in evaluation of the relapse rate during the observation period(P<0.001).The plotted clinical course graphs of Group A showed similar proportions to the graphs in the IBSEN ***,in Group B,the proportion of patients corresponding to curve 1(remission or mild severity after initial high activity)was high at 76%(47/62).CONCLUSION The incidence of relapse has decreased and the steroid-free period has increased after the introduction of the biological *** clinical course also showed a different pattern from that of IBSEN *** active use of biological agents may change the long-term disease course in moderate to severe pediatric UC.

关键词： Colitis Ulcerative Children Infliximab Relapse Steroid