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Development and application of a multi-step porcine in vitro system to evaluate feedstuffs and feed additives for their efficacy in nutrient digestion, digesta characteristics, and intestinal immune responses

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第2期17卷 265-282页

作者： hee yeon kim Jun-Ok Moon Sung Woo kim Application Center CJ Blossom Park Department of Animal Science North Carolina State University

In vitro model provides alternatives to the use of live animals in research. In pig nutrition, there has been a tremendous increase in in vivo research over the decades. Proper utilization of in vitro models could provide a screening tool to reduce the needs of in vivo studies, research duration, cost, and the use of animals and feeds. This study aimed to develop a multi-step porcine in vitro system to simulate nutrient digestion and intestinal epithelial immune responses affected by feedstuffs and feed additives. Seven feedstuffs(corn, corn distillers dried grains with solubles [corn DDGS], barley, wheat, soybean meal, soy protein concentrates, and Corynebacterium glutamicum cell mass [CGCM]), feed enzymes(xylanase and phytase), and supplemental amino acids(arginine, methionine, and tryptophan), were used in this in vitro evaluation for their efficacy on digestibility, digesta characteristics, and intestinal health compared with the results from previously published in vivo studies. All in vitro evaluations were triplicated. Data were analyzed using Mixed procedure of SAS9.4. Evaluations included(1) nutrient digestibility of feedstuffs,(2) the effects of feed enzymes, xylanase and phytase, on digestibility of feedstuffs and specific substrates, and(3) the effects of amino acids, arginine, tryptophan, and methionine, on anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-heat stress statuses showing their effects(P < 0.05) on the measured items. Differences in dry matter and crude protein digestibility among the feedstuffs as well as effects of xylanase and phytase were detected(P < 0.05), including xylo-oligosaccharide profiles and phosphorus release from phytate. Supplementation of arginine, tryptophan, and methionine modulated(P < 0.05) cellular inflammatory and oxidative stress responses. The use of this in vitro model allowed the use of 3 experimental replications providing sufficient statistical power at P < 0.05. This indicates in vitro models can have increased prec

关键词： Digestion Feed additive Feedstuff In vitro Intestine Pig

Sarcopenia in the prognosis of cirrhosis: Going beyond the MELD score

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第25期21卷 7637-7647页

作者： hee yeon kim Jeong Won Jang Division of Hepatology Department of Internal Medicine Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital College of Medicine the Catholic University of Korea

Estimating the prognosis of patients with cirrhosis remains challenging, because the natural history of cirrhosis varies according to the cause, presence of portal hypertension, liver synthetic function, and the reversibility of underlying disease. Conventional prognostic scoring systems, including the Child-Turcotte-Pugh score or model for endstage liver diseases are widely used; however, revised models have been introduced to improve prognostic performance. Although sarcopenia is one of the most common complications related to survival of patients with cirrhosis, the newly proposed prognostic models lack a nutritional status evaluation of patients. This is reflected by the lack of an optimal index for sarcopenia in terms of objectivity, reproducibility, practicality, and prognostic performance, and of a consensus definition for sarcopenia in patients with cirrhosis in whom ascites and edema may interfere with body composition analysis. Quantifying skeletal muscle mass using cross-sectional abdominal imaging is a promising tool for assessing sarcopenia. As radiological imaging provides direct visualization of body composition, it is useful to evaluate sarcopenia in patients with cirrhosis whose body mass index, anthropometric measurements, or biochemical markers are inaccurate on a nutritional assessment. Sarcopenia defined by cross-sectional imaging-based muscular assessment is prevalent and predicts mortality in patients with cirrhosis. Sarcopenia alone or in combination with conventional prognostic systems shows promise for a cirrhosis prognosis. Including an objective assessment of sarcopenia with conventional scores to optimize the outcome prediction for patients with cirrhosis needs further research.

关键词： Liver cirrhosis Model for end-stage liverdiseases score Mortality Prognosis Sarcopenia

Verification and Correction of Cloud Base and Top Height Retrievals from Ka–band Cloud Radar in Boseong,Korea

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2016年第1期33卷 73-84页

作者： Su-Bin OH yeon-hee kim Ki-Hoon kim Chun-Ho CHO Eunha LIM Numerical Data Application Division National Institute of Meteorological Sciences KMA Republic of Korea Applied Meteorology Research Division National Institute of Meteorological Sciences KMA Republic of Korea Observation Research Division National Institute of Meteorological Sciences KMA Republic of Korea National Institute of Meteorological Sciences KMA Republic of Korea

In this study,cloud base height（CBH） and cloud top height（CTH） observed by the Ka-band（33.44 GHz） cloud radar at the Boseong National Center for Intensive Observation of Severe Weather during fall 2013（September-November） were verified and *** comparative verification,CBH and CTH were obtained using a ceilometer（CL51） and the Communication,Ocean and Meteorological Satellite（COMS）.During rainfall,the CBH and CTH observed by the cloud radar were lower than observed by the ceilometer and COMS because of signal attenuation due to raindrops,and this difference increased with rainfall *** dry periods,however,the CBH and CTH observed by the cloud radar,ceilometer,and COMS were *** and low-density clouds were observed more effectively by the cloud radar compared with the ceilometer and *** cases of rainfall or missing cloud radar data,the ceilometer and COMS data were proven effective in correcting or compensating the cloud radar *** corrected cloud data were used to classify cloud types,which revealed that low clouds occurred most frequently.

关键词： cloud radar ceilometer satellite retrieval cloud base height cloud top height cloud type

Relative skeletal muscle mass and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: from association to causation

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2019年第5期8卷 509-511页

作者： hee yeon kim Jong Young Choi Yong-Moon Park Division of Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulKorea Epidemiology Branch National Institute of Environmental Health SciencesNational Institutes of HealthResearch Triangle ParkNCUSA

The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and its associated metabolic risk factors,including obesityand metabolic syndrome,have increased over the lastdecade in both developed and developing countries(1).NAFLD is considered to be the hepatic manifestation ofmetabolic syndrome and insulin resistance which is oneof multiple hits leading to NAFLD(2).

关键词： NAFLD liver hepatic

Diagnostic value of AFP-L3 and PIVKA-Ⅱin hepatocellular carcinoma according to total-AFP

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第3期19卷 339-346页

作者： Jong Young Choi Seung Won Jung hee yeon kim Myungshin kim Yonggoo kim Dong Goo kim Eun-Jee Oh Department of Internal Medicine School of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 137-701South Korea Department of Laboratory Medicine and Laboratory Development Evaluation Center School of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 137-701South Korea Department of Surgery School of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 137-701South Korea

AIM:To evaluate diagnostic value ofα-fetoprotein (AFP)-L3 and prothrombin induced by vitamin K absence-Ⅱ(PIVKA-Ⅱ)in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). METHODS:One hundred and sixty-eight patients during routine HCC surveillance were included in this *** the 168 patients,90(53.6%)had HCC including newly developed HCC(n=82)or recurrent HCC after treatment(n=8).Sera were obtained during their first evaluation for HCC development and at the time of HCC diagnosis before commencing HCC *** was diagnosed by histological examination,appropriate imaging characteristics-computed tomography or magnetic resonance *** sera were collected from 78 patients with benign liver disease(BLD),which were obtained during routine surveillance with a suspicion of ***,AFP-L3 and PIVKA-Ⅱwere measured in the same serum by microchip capillary electrophoresis and liquid-phase binding assay on a micro-total analysis system Wako i30 auto *** performance characteristics of three tests and combined tests for the diagnosis of HCC were obtained using receiver operating characteristic curves in all populations and subgroups with AFP200 ng/*** the 78 BLD patients,74(94.9%)patients had AFP5%) and PIVKA-Ⅱ(cut-off>40 AU/L),the sensitivity were 94.4%and specificity were 75.6%in all *** 112 patients

关键词： α-fetoprotein Prothrombin induced by vitamin K absence-Ⅱ Hepatocellular carcinoma Diagnosis Tumor marker

Low skeletal muscle mass is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Korean adults： the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2016年第1期15卷 39-47页

作者： hee yeon kim chang wook kim chung-hwa park jong young choi kyungdo han anwar t merchant yong-moon park division of hepatology department of internal medicinecollege of medicinethe catholic university of korea222Banpo-daeroSeocho-guSeou1 06591Republic of Korea department of biostatistics college of medicinethe catholic university of korea222Banpo-daeroSeocho-guSeou1 06591Republic of Korea department of epidemiology and biostatistics arnold school of public healthuniversity of south carolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA epidemiology branch national institute of environmental health sciencesnational institutes of healthdepartment of health and human servicesResearch Triangle ParkNC 27709USA

BACKGROUND： Sarcopenia and non-alcoholic fatty liver dis- ease （NAFLD） share similar pathophysiological mechanisms, and the relationship between sarcopenia and NAFLD has been recently investigated. The study investigated whether low skel- etal muscle mass is differentially associated with NAFLD by gender in Korean adults. METHODS： We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the data from the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The skeletal muscle index （SMI） was obtained by the appendicular skeletal muscle mass divided by the weight. NAFLD was defined as a fatty liver index （FLI）〉60 in the absence of other chronic liver disease. RESULTS： Among the included subjects, 18.3% （SE： 1.4%） in men and 7.0% （SE： 0.7%） in women were classified as having FLI-defined NAFLD. Most of the risk factors for FLI-defined NAFLD showed a significant negative correlation with the SMI in both genders. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that low SMI was associated with FLI-defined NAFLD, inde- pendent of other metabolic and lifestyle parameters in both genders [males： odds ratio （OR）=1.35; 95% confidence inter- val （CI）： 1.17-1.54; females： OR=1.36; 95% CI： 1.18-1.55]. The magnitude of the association between FLI-defined NAFLD and low SMI was higher in middle aged to elderly males （OR-1.50; 95% CI： 1.22-1.84） than in males less than 45 years of age （OR=1.25; 95% CI： 1.02-1.52） and in premenopausal females （OR=l.50; 95% CI： 1.12-2.03） than in postmenopausal females （OR-1.36; 95% CI： 1.20-1.54）.CONCLUSIONS： Low SMI is associated with the risk of FLI- defined NAFLD independent of other well-known metabolic risk factors in both genders. This association may differ ac- cording to age group or menopausal status. Further studies are warranted to confirm this relationship.

关键词： Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey non-alcoholic fatty liver disease sarcopenia skeletal muscle

Proximate and mineral components of Viscum album var. coloratum grown on eight different host tree species

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第4期30卷 1245-1253页

作者： Chul-Woo kim Chan-Hoon An Hyun-Seok Lee Jae-Seon Yi Eun Ju Cheong Sang-Hyun Lim hee-yeon kim Forest Bioresources Department National Institute of Forest Science39 OnjeongroGwonseon-guSuwon 16631Republic of Korea Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center National Institute of Forest ScienceSobaek-ro 2009PunggiYoungjuGyungsangbuk-do 36040Republic of Korea Program of Forest Resources Division of Forest ScienceCollege of Forest and Environmental SciencesKangwon National UniversityChuncheon 24341Republic of Korea Agriproduct Processing Experiment Station Gangwon-do Agicultural Research and Experiment ServicesChuncheon 24203Republic of Korea

Mistletoes are parasite plants growing on various tree species,taking nutrients from the *** compounds of mistletoe were used in medicine and these mistletoes were commonly collected from oak species that were not well *** analyzed the nutritional value by measuring proximate and mineral components of Korean mistletoe(Viscum album ***)from various host *** was the most proximate component in both leaves and twigs followed crude protein,crude fiber,crude ash and crude *** the contents of the proximate components and minerals varied among hosts and between plant parts,leaves contained higher crude protein and ash,and more minerals except for magnesium than twigs,although no significant difference was found inmistletoe grown on Prunus *** were significant differences of proximate and mineral contents depending on the host *** grown on Chaenomeles sinensis contained higher levels of carbohydrates,crude fat,crude ash,magnesium,calcium,sodium,iron,and zinc than mistletoe grown on other *** grown on *** contained high mineral levels of potassium,copper and *** nutritional value of mistletoes were greatly influenced by the host species but among the hosts,specific nutrients accumulated in leaves more than in twigs,and vice *** on the analysis,Korean mistletoe contains relatively good quality of nutrients and has high potential for dietary supplements as well as for medicinal compounds.

关键词： Mistletoe Viscum album var coloratum Proximate compositions Mineral contents Nutritional value Host species

Restoration of an Inner-City Stream and Its Impact on Air Temperature and Humidity Based on Long-Term Monitoring Data

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2009年第2期26卷 283-292页

作者： Kyu Rang kim Tae Heon KWON yeon-hee kim Hae-Jung KOO Byoung-Cheol CHOI Chee-Young CHOI Applied Meteorology Research Laboratory National Institute of Meteorological Research Korea Meteorological Administration Applied Meteorology Research Laboratory National Institute of Meteorological ResearchKorea Meteorological Administration

Spatiotemporal changes in air temperature and humidity associated with the restoration of an innercity stream in Seoul, Korea, are investigated based on long-term monitoring data. The Cheonggye stream, covered under a concrete structure for 46 years, was restored in 2005 and runs 5.8 km eastward through a central region of Seoul. Long-term monitoring of the air temperature and relative humidity was made along the stream throughout the restoration and across the stream after the restoration. The area along the stream had a higher air temperature than the entire metropolitan area. The temperature anomaly between the monitoring area and the surrounding metropolitan area was 0.13℃ lower on average at the center of the stream after the restoration. The stream＇s effect on the air temperature was also evident in the temperature distribution along a street traversing the stream. The relative and specific humidities were increased due to the restoration. The restored stream modified the nearby urban climate in the opposite direction compared to urbanization. The results could be used as a model case in mitigating urban climate by a stream in future urban planning practices.

关键词： urban heat island stream restoration land-use vegetation Cheonggye stream

Durability of viral response after off-treatment in HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第43期18卷 6277-6283页

作者： Myeong Jun Song Do Seon Song hee yeon kim Sun Hong Yoo Si Hyun Bae Jong Young Choi Seung Kew Yoon Yong-Han Paik June Sung Lee Hyun Woong Lee Hyung Joon kim Departments of Internal Medicine College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea Seoul 137-040 South Korea Departments of Internal Medicine Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul 135-710 South Korea Departments of Internal Medicine College of Medicine Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital of The Korea Goyang-si 411-706 South Korea Departments of Internal Medicine College of Medicine The Chung-Ang University of Korea Seoul 156-755 South Korea

AIM:To evaluate the durability in hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) positive chronic hepatitis B patients who discontinued antiviral treatment. METHODS:A total of 48 HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B patients who were administered nucleoside analogues and maintained virological response for ≥ 6 mo [hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA 104 copies/mL after HBeAg seroconversion with previously undetectable HBV-DNA level. RESULTS:During the median follow-up period of 18.2 mo (range:5.1-47.5 mo) after cessation of antiviral treatment, the cumulative serological recurrence rate was 15 % at 12 mo. The median duration between the cessation of antiviral treatment and serologic recurrence was 7.2 mo (range:1.2-10.9 mo). Of the 48 patients with HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis, 20 (41.6%) showed virological recurrence. The cumulative virologic recurrence rates at 12 mo after discontinuing the antiviral agent were 41%. The median duration between off-treatment and virologic recurrence was 7.6 mo (range:4.3-27.1 mo). The mean age of the virological recurrence group was older than that of the non-recurrence group (46.7 ± 12.1 years vs 38.8 ± 12.7 years, respectively; P = 0.022). Age (> 40 years) and the duration of consolidation treatment (≥ 15 mo) were significant predictive factors for offtreatment durability in the multivariate analysis [P = 0.049, re

关键词： Durability Seroconversion Chronic hepatitis B Hepatitis B e antigen positive Recurrence Consolidation