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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2016年第5期4卷 146-162页

作者： yehia hafez Department of Meteorology King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia

Abnormal weather conditions and extreme weather existed over the Kingdom Saudi Arabia (KSA) through the last decades. The present paper investigates the relationship between the Oceanic Nino Index (ONI) and variability of surface air temperature and precipitation rate over KSA through the period from 1950 to 2015 year. The NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis of monthly data sets of the mean surface air temperature and precipitation rate for the domain of the KSA is used. In addition, El Nino3.4 monthly data through the period (1950-2015) are used. For that period, the data set of the three months moving average of Nino3.4 anomaly, Oceanic Nino index (ONI), is used and analyzed. The time series, anomaly and correlation coefficient techniques are used to analyze the data sets through the present study. The results revealed that the KSA climate parameters, temperature and precipitation rates are controlled by ONI mainly in the autumn and winter seasons.

关键词： ONI El Nino3.4 Surface Air Temperature Precipitation Rate KSA

A Recent Study of Seasonal and Interannual Climate Variability over the Eastern Mediterranean Region

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2018年第1期6卷 132-151页

作者： yehia hafez Department of Meteorology King Abdulaziz University Jeddah KSA

The present work aims to investigate seasonal and interannual climatic variability over the eastern Mediterranean (EM) region through the period (1949-2016). The monthly data of meteorological elements of temperature, pressure and precipitation for the EM region during the period (1949-2016) has used and analyzed. Moreover, the monthly NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data composites for these meteorological elements over the EM region have used. The seasonal and interannual variability of meteorological elements (surface air temperature, air temperature at 1000 hpa level, 500 hpa level, 500 hpa geopotential height, mean sea level pressure and precipitation) over the EM region during that period is studied. The anomaly, time series and correlation coefficient techniques, methods used for the data analysis. The results revealed that the climate variability of the EM region varied dramatically from season to season and from year to year through the period of study (1949-2016). There is a seasonal positive trend of temperature at 1000 hpa and 500 hpa levels and Geopotential height of 500 hpa level over the EM region. Meanwhile, it found a seasonal negative trend of mean sea level pressure and precipitation rate. For the interannual climatic variable over the EM region, it noticed that there was a positive trend of annual air temperature at the levels of 1000 hpa and 500 hpa. Meanwhile, there exists an annual negative trend anomaly of mean sea level pressure, 500 hpa geopotential height and precipitation rate over the EM region through the study period. It has become clear that the climate regime over the EM region is a complex regime.

关键词： Seasonal Interannual Climatic Variability Temperature Pressure Precipitation Rate EM

On the Relationship between Heat Waves over the Western and Central Europe and NAO, SOI, El-Nino 3.4 in Summer 2015

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2017年第4期5卷 31-45页

作者： yehia hafez Department of Meteorology King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia

An extreme warming hit Europe in summer of the year 2015. The present paper investigates the relationship between the North Atlantic Oscillation Index (NAO), Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) and El-Nino 3.4 and heat waves that persist over the western and central Europe in the summer of 2015. The NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis daily dataset of the mean surface air temperature for the domains of the western and central Europe for summer months (June, July and August) of the year, 2015 has used. In addition, the time cross-section analysis of the daily gridded operational data for the mean surface air temperature over the western and central Europe from 1 June to 31 August 2015 has done. Moreover, daily datasets of the NAO, SOI, and El-Nino 3.4 for that period have used. The time series, time cross section, anomaly and correlation coefficient techniques are used to analyze the data sets. The results revealed that the cases of heat waves that existed over the western and central Europe through the summer season of the year 2015 were controlled distinctly by the negative phase of the NAO and positive phase of ENSO.

关键词： Heat wave Surface air Temperature The Western and Central Europe NAO SOI El-Nino 3.4

A Recent Study Concerning the Climatic Variability over the Kingdom Saudi Arabia for the Period 1948-2018

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2019年第8期7卷 268-289页

作者： yehia hafez Department of Meteorology King Abdulaziz University Jeddah KSA

The present paper provides a recent study of the climatic variability over the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) for the period 1948-2018. Moreover, for that period, the relationship of this climatic variability over KSA with the climatic indices is studied. The NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis monthly data sets of the meteorological and climatic parameters over the KSA for the period from the year 1948 to the year 2018 are used. The parameters are (air temperature at levels of 1000 hpa and 500 hpa, mean sea level pressure, geopotential height at 500 hpa level, surface relative humidity, precipitation rate, and outgoing longwave radiation). In addition, the monthly data of climatic indices (North Atlantic Oscillation index (NAO), Arctic Oscillation (AO), Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), Nino 3.4, Global Mean Surface Air Temperature (GMST)) are used. The time series trend, anomaly method, and correlation coefficient techniques are used for data analysis. The results revealed that the annual meteorological and climatic parameters vary dramatically from year to year through the period of study (1948-2018). The trend of this variation is a positive trend for the temperature, pressure and outgoing longwave radiation parameters over KSA. Meanwhile, it is a negative trend of the annual values of surface humidity and precipitation over KSA. The climatic indices influence and control the distribution of annual meteorological and climatic parameters over KSA. The highest significant correlation recorded is between the mean annual of climatic parameters over KSA and the climatic index of global mean surface air temperature (GMST).

关键词： Climatic Variability Climatic Indices KSA

A Recent Study on the Relationship between Global Radiative Forcing and Global Annual Climatic Variability

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2015年第1期5卷 23-55页

作者： yehia yehia hafez Mansour Almazroui Department of Meteorology Center of Excellence for Climate Change Research King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia

The present paper investigates the relationship between the global radiative forcing (GRF) and global annual climatic variability. The relation between the GRF and global annual changes in the operational weather and climatic parameters is uncovered. There are several datasets which have been used to challenge this goal. The NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis dataset of several meteorological elements, such as air temperature, wind, surface pressure, outgoing long wave radiation, precipitation rate and geopotential height at level 500 hPa, etc. for the globe for the period (1948-2012), has been used. Furthermore, the GRF data for greenhouse gases through the period (1979-2010) has been used. Also, datasets of climatic indices NAO, SOI, El Nino 3.4 and SST during the period (1948-2012) have been used through this study. Time series analysis, anomaly and correlation coefficient technique methods have been used to analyze the datasets. The results reveal that there is an outstanding positive correlation coefficient (more than +0.80) between GRF and the global annual weather elements of surface air temperature, temperature and geopotential height at level 500 hPa, precipitation rate and sea surface temperature. CO2 has a significant correlation coefficient (+0.89) with the outcomes longwave radiation and sea surface temperature. There is a significant relationship between the global annual variability of weather and climatic elements and GHGs, global warming and climatic indices, NAO, SOI, El Nino 3.4 and SST.

关键词： Global Radiative Forcing Global Annual Climatic Variability Weather Elements Climatic Indices

Recent Study of Anomaly of Global Annual Geopotential Height and Global Warming

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2014年第3期4卷 347-357页

作者： yehia yehia hafez Mansour Almazroui Department of Meteorology Center of Excellence for Climate Change Research King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia

This paper studies the anomaly of global annual 500 hpa geopotential anomaly and global warming through the period (1950-2011). Anomaly method, linear trend and linear correlation coefficient techniques are referred to identify and describe the correlation between anomaly of global geopotential height field and global surface air temperature, North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), El-Nino3.4. The results revealed that, the anomaly of global annual geopotential height is completely controlled by global warming and NAO, SOI, El-Nino3.4 during the study period. However, the trend of the global surface air temperature anomaly completely coincides with the trend of 500 hpa geopotential height anomaly. This result uncovers the exist of abnormal weather phenomena through the last decades.

关键词： Anomaly of Global Geopotential Height Global Warming NAO SOI El-Nino3.4

The Role Played by Blocking System over North America on the Development of Hurricane Ophelia over North Atlantic Ocean

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2018年第12期6卷 1-20页

作者： yehia hafez Abdulhaleem Labban Department of Meteorology King Abdulaziz University Jeddah KSA

As one of very rare and unusual tracks of hurricane Ophelia, it exists over the North Atlantic Ocean during the period of 9-17 October 2017. The present work investigates the role played by blocking system over North America on the development of hurricane Ophelia. The 6-hour daily data of NCEP/NCAR reanalysis composites for the meteorological parameters are used. The meteorological elements used in the present work are (geopotential height and meridional wind components at 500-hpa level). The domain of this data is the northern hemisphere domain. Moreover, the 6-hour data on the surface pressure at the center of hurricane Ophelia and its maximum wind through the period (9-17 October) have been used. The time series, anomaly and correlation coefficient methods have been used to analyze the meteorological data. The results revealed that the persistence of blocking high system over the North America during the period of 9-17 October 2017 controls the development, strength, and the track of hurricane Ophelia over the North Atlantic Ocean.

关键词： Blocking System North America North Atlantic Ocean Hurricane Ophelia

A Recent Study Concerning the Climatic Variability over the Kingdom Saudi Arabia for the Period 1948-2018

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