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Hepatic venous outflow obstruction after piggyback liver transplantation by an unusual mechanism:Report of a case

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第33期12卷 5416-5418页

作者： Simon Siu-Man Ng Simon chun-Ho Yu Janet Fung-yee Lee Paul Bo-San Lai Wan-yee lau Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Radiology & Organ Imaging Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital Shatin Hong Kong China

Hepatic venous outflow obstruction after piggyback liver transplantation is a very rare complication. An unusual mechanism aggravating it is reported. A 33-year-old man with end-stage hepatitis B liver cirrhosis underwent a piggyback orthotopic liver transplantation using a full-size cadaveric graft. Two months after transplantation, he developed gross ascites refractory to maximal diuretic therapy. Doppler ultrasound showed patent portal and hepatic veins. Serial computed tomography scans revealed a hypoperfused right posterior segment of the liver which subsequently underwent atrophy. Hepatic venography demonstrated a high-grade stenosis with an element of torsion of venous drainage at the anastomosis. The stenosis was successfully treated with repeated percutaneous balloon angioplasty. The patient remained asymptomatic six months afterwards with complete resolution of ascites and peripheral edema. We postulate that liver allograft segmental hypoperfusion and atrophy may aggravate or result in a hepatic venous outflow problem by the mechanism of torsion effect. Percutaneous balloon angioplasty is a safe and effective treatment modality for anastomotic stenosis.

关键词： Hepatic venous outflow obstruction Piggyback Liver transplantation Percutaneous balloon angioplasty

Protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-Ⅱ versus alpha-fetoprotein in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review with meta-analysis

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2018年第6期17卷 487-495页

作者： Hao Xing Yi-Jie Zheng Jun Han Han Zhang Zhen-Li Li Wan-yee lau Feng Shen Tian Yang Department of Hepatic Surgery Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital Naval Medical University Medical Scientific Affairs Abbott Diagnostics Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong

Background: As a promising biomarker of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-Ⅱ(PIVKA-Ⅱ) has been studied extensively. However, its diagnostic capability varies across HCC studies. This study aimed to compare the performance of PIVKA-Ⅱ with alpha-fetoprotein(AFP) in the diagnosis of HCC. Data sources: A systematic literature search was conducted to identify the studies from MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane Library Databases, which were published up to December 20, 2017 to compare the diagnostic capability of PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP for HCC. The data were pooled using random effects model. Pooled sensitivity and specificity were calculated. Summary receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC) was employed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of each marker. Results: Thirty-one studies were included. The pooled sensitivity(95% CI) of PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP was 0.66(0.65–0.68) and 0.66(0.65–0.67), respectively in diagnosis of HCC; and the corresponding pooled specificity(95% CI) was 0.89(0.88–0.90) and 0.84(0.83–0.85), respectively. The area under the ROC curve(AUC) of PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP was 0.856(0.817–0.895) and 0.770(0.728–0.811), respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that PIVKA-Ⅱ was superior to AFP in terms of the AUC for both small HCC( < 3 cm) [0.863(0.825–0.901) vs 0.717(0.658–0.776)] and large HCC( ≥ 3 cm) [0.854(0.811–0.897) vs 0.729(0.682–0.776)]; for American [0.926(0.897–0.955) vs 0.698(0.594–0.662)], European [0.772(0.743–0.801) vs 0.628(0.594–0.662)], Asian [0.838(0.812–0.864) vs 0.785(0.764–0.806)] and African [0.812(0.794–0.840) vs 0.721(0.675–0.767)] HCC patients; and for HBV-related [0.909(0.866–0.951) vs 0.714(0.673–0.755)] and mixed-etiology [0.847(0.821–0.873) vs 0.794(0.772–0.816)] HCC. Conclusion: This meta-analysis indicates that PIVKA-Ⅱ is better than AFP in terms of the accuracy for diagnosing HCC, regardless of tumor size, patient ethnic group, or HCC etiology.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Meta-analyses Protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-Ⅱ Alpha-fetoprotein

Mass and charge transport relevant to the formation of toroidal lithium peroxide nanoparticles in an aprotic lithium-oxygen battery： An experimental and theoretical modeling study

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Nano Research 2017年第12期10卷 4327-4336页

作者： Xiangyi Luo Rachid Amine Kah chun lau Jun Lu chun Zhan Larry A. Curtiss Said AI Hallaj Brian P. Chaplin Khalil Amine Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division Argonne National Laboratory 9700 South Cass Avenue Lemont IL 60439 USA Materials Science Division Argonne National Laboratory 9700 South Cass Avenue Lemont IL 60439 USA Department of Chemical Engineering University of Illinois at Chicago 810 S. Clinton Chicago IL 60607 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy California State University Northridge 18111 Nordhoff Street Northridge CA 91330 USA

The discharge and charge mechanisms of rechargeable Li-O2 batteries have been the subject of extensive investigation recently. However, they are not fully understood yet. Here we report a systematic study of the morphological transition of Li2O2 from a single crystalline structure to a toroid like particle during the discharge-charge cycle, with the help of a theoretical model to explain the evolution of the Li2O2 at different stages of this process. The model suggests that the transition starts in the first monolayer of Li2O2, and is subsequently followed by a transition from particle growth to film growth if the applied current exceeds the exchange current for the oxygen reduction reaction in a Li-O2 cell. Furthermore, a sustainable mass transport of the diffusive active species （e.g., O2 and Li＋） and evolution of the underlying interfaces are critical to dictate desirable oxygen reduction （discharge） and evolution （charge） reactions in the oorous carbon electrode of a Li-O2 cell.

关键词： rechargeable Li-O2 battery electrocatalyst nanocomposite lithium peroxide

Root exclusion methods for partitioning of soil respiration:Review and methodological considerations

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Pedosphere 2023年第5期33卷 683-699页

作者： Mei-yee CHIN Sharon Yu Ling lau Frazer MIDOT Mui Sie JEE Mei Lieng LO Faustina E.SANGOK Lulie MELLING Sarawak Tropical Peat Research Institute Lot 6035Kuching-Kota Samarahan ExpresswayKota SamarahanSarawak 94300Malaysia

Soil respiration is a vital process in all terrestrial ecosystems,through which the soil releases carbon dioxide(CO_(2))into the atmosphere at an estimated annual rate of 68–101 Pg carbon,making it the second highest terrestrial contributor to carbon *** soil respiration consists of autotrophic and heterotrophic constituents,methods for accurately determining the contribution of each constituent to the total soil respiration are critical for understanding their differential responses to environmental factors and aiding the reduction of CO_(2)*** to its low cost and simplicity,the root exclusion(RE)technique,combined with manual chamber measurements,is frequently used in field studies of soil respiration ***,RE treatments alter the soil environment,leading to potential bias in respiration *** review aims to elucidate the current understanding of RE,i.e.,trenching(Tr)and deep collar(DC)insertion techniques,by examining soil respiration partitioning studies performed in several ***,we discuss methodological considerations when using RE and the combinations of RE with stable isotopic and modeling ***,future research directions for improving the Tr and DC insertion methods in RE are suggested.

关键词： autotrophic respiration deep collar insertion heterotrophic respiration microbial respiration root trenching soil microbial community soil respirationcomponent

Typing of biliary tumor thrombus influences the prognoses of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2021年第3期18卷 808-815页

作者： Juxian Sun Jiayi Wu Chang Liu Jie Shi Yonggang Wei Jianyin Zhou Zhibo Zhang Wan yee lau Maolin Yan Shuqun Cheng Department of Hepatic SurgeryⅥ The Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery HospitalSecond Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Shengli Clinical Medical College Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350001China Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Fujian Provincial HospitalFuzhou 350001China Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Zhongshan HospitalXiamen UniversityXiamen 361004China Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350002China Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

Objective:To establish a new classification of biliary tumor thrombus(BTT).Methods:Overall survival of patients with BTT was first used to determine whether it correlated with current hepatocellular carcinoma staging *** and multivariate analyses were used to determine factors affecting the overall survival(OS)to form the basis of our new classification for ***:All 6 international staging systems showed overlapping survival *** followed by multivariate analyses showed that total bilirubin and intrahepatic/extrahepatic BTT were significant risk factors of *** on these data,a new BTT classification was defined as:TypeⅠ:intrahepatic BTT;and TypeⅡ:extrahepatic BTT involving a common bile duct or common hepatic ***Ⅰwas further subdivided into type Ia:BTT involving a second-order intrahepatic duct or above,and type Ib:BTT involving a first-order intrahepatic ***Ⅱwas further subdivided into typeⅡa and typeⅡb using a cut-off total bilirubin(TB)>300μmol/*** numbers(percentages)of patients with typesⅠandⅡBTT were 69(34.2%)and 133(65.8%),*** median OS of typeⅠpatients was significantly higher than that of typeⅡpatients(37.5 months vs.23.2 months;P=0.002).Using subgroup analyses,OS outcomes were significantly different between the subgroups of typeⅡb and type IIa,although there was no significant difference between the type Ia and type Ib subgroups(P=0.07).Conclusions:A new BTT classification was established to predict prognoses of HCC patients with BTT who underwent liver resection.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma biliary tumor thrombus staging system surgery prognosis

Stigmatic exudate in the Annonaceae:Pollinator reward,pollen germination medium or extragynoecial compitum?

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2017年第12期59卷 881-894页

作者： Jenny Y.Y.lau chun-Chiu Pang Lawrence Ramsden Richard M.K.Saunders School of Biological Sciences the University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong KongChina

Although ＂dry-type＂ stigmas are widely re- garded as ancestral in angiosperms, the early-divergent family Annonaceae has copious stigmatic exudate. We evaluate three putative functions for this exudate： as a nutritive reward for pollinators; as a pollen germination medium; and as an extragynoecial compitum that enables pollen tube growth between carpels. Stigmatic exudate is fructose dominated （72.2%）, but with high levels of glucose and sucrose; the dominance of hexose sugars and the diversity of amino acids observed, including many that are essential for insects, support a nutritive role for pollinators. Sugar concentration in pre-receptive flowers is high （28.2%）, falling during the peak period of stigmatic receptivity （17.4%）, and then rising again toward the end of the pistillate phase （32.9%）. Pollen germination was highest in sugar concentrations 〈2%. Sugar concentrations during the peak pistillate phase therefore provide optimal osmolarity for pollen hydration and germination; subsequent changes in sugar concentration during anthesis reinforce protogyny （in which carpels mature before stamens）, enabling the retention of concentrated exudate into the staminate phase as a pollinator food reward without the possibility of pollen germination. Intercarpellary growth of pollen tubes was confirmed： the exudate therefore also functions as a suprastylar extragynoecial compitum, overcoming the limitations of apocarpy.

关键词： Stigmatic exudate in the Annonaceae pollen germination medium or extragynoecial compitum Pollinator reward

Laparoscopic duodenum-preserving total pancreatic head resection, current status and future trends

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Laparoscopic, Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery 2019年第4期2卷 81-82页

作者： Wan yee lau Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital Shatin Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital Shatin Hong Kong

A recent article published in Surgical Endoscopy entitled“Laparoscopic duodenum-preserving total pancreatic head resection:a novel surgical approach for benign or low-grade malignant tumors”(Surgical Endoscopy 2019;33:633e638)is probably the main reason why Professor Xiujun Cai,Editor-in-Chief of Laparoscopic,Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery sent an email to me on July 8,2019,requesting me to write an Editorial related to this *** readers of this journal may wonder why this topic is so important in the eyes of Professor Cai who himself is a world-renowned laparoscopic hepatopancreaticobiliary surgeon?Why is this published article so important in my eyes that I am willing to spend time in my busy daily schedule to write this Editorial?

关键词： Laparoscopic Surgery preserving

B-cell-targeted therapies in systemic lupus erythematosus

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2013年第2期10卷 133-142页

作者： Vera Sau-Fong Chan Helen Hoi-Lun Tsang Rachel chun-yee Tam Liwei Lu Chak-Sing lau Department of Medicine Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Department of Pathology Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

Autoreactive B cells are one of the key immune cells that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus （SLE）. In addition to the production of harmful auto-antibodies （auto-Abs）, B cells prime autoreactive T cells as antigen-presenting cells and secrete a wide range of pro-inflammatory cytokines that have both autocrine and paracrine effects. Agents that modulate B cells may therefore be of potential therapeutic value. Current strategies include targeting B-cell surface antigens, cytokines that promote B-cell growth and functions, and B- and T-cell interactions. In this article, we review the role of B cells in SLE in animal and human studies, and we examine previous reports that support B-cell modulation as a promising strategy for the treatment of this condition. In addition, we present an update on the clinical trials that have evaluated the therapeutic efficacy and safety of agents that antagonize CD20, CD22 and B-lymphocyte stimulator （BLyS） in human SLE. While the results of many of these studies remain inconclusive, belimumab, a human monoclonal antibody against BLyS, has shown promise and has recently been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration as an indicated therapy for patients with mild to moderate SLE. Undoubtedly, advances in B-cell immunology will continue to lead us to a better understanding of SLE pathogenesis and the development of novel specific therapies that target B cells.

关键词： Systemic lupus erythematosus B-cell autoimmunity therapy

Performance evaluation of polyamide nanofiltration membranes for phosphorus removal process and their stability against strong acid/alkali solution

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第8期27卷 1789-1797页

作者： Yen Khai Chai How chun Lam Chai Hoon Koo Woei Jye lau Soon Onn Lai Ahmad Fauzi Ismail Department of Civil Engineering Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and ScienceUniversiti Tunku Abdul RahmanJalan Bandar Sg.LongBandar Sg.Long43000 KajangSelangorMalaysia Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre(AMTEC) Universiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 SkudaiJohorMalaysia Department of Chemical Engineering Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and ScienceUniversiti Tunku Abdul RahmanJalan Bandar Sg.LongBandar Sg.Long43000 KajangSelangorMalaysia

In this study,a quantitative performance of three commercial polyamide nanofiltration(NF) membranes(i.e.,NF,NF90,and NF270) for phosphorus removal under different feed conditions was *** experiments were conducted at different feed phosphorus concentrations(2.5,5,10,and 15 mg·L^-1) and elevated pHs(pH 1.5,5,10,and 13.5) at a constant feed pressure of 1 MPa using a dead-end filtration *** rejection against total phosphorus generally increased with increasing phosphorus concentration regardless of membrane *** contrast,the permeate flux for all the membranes only decreased slightly with increasing phosphorus *** results also showed that the phosphorus rejections improved while water flux remained almost unchanged with increasing feed solution *** the three membranes were exposed to strong pHs(pH 1.5 and 13.5) for a longer duration(up to 6 weeks)it was found that the rejection capability and water flux of the membranes remained very similar throughout the duration,except for NF membrane with marginal decrement in phosphorus *** study also revealed that more phosphorus was adsorbed onto the membrane structure at alkaline conditions(pH 10 and 13.5) compared to the same membranes tested at lower pHs(pH 1.5 and 5).In eonelusion,NF270 membrane outperformed Nf and NF90 membranes owing to its desirable performance of water flux and phosphorus rejection particularly under strong alkali *** NF270 membrane achieved 14.0 L·m^-2·h^-1 and 96.5% rejection against 10 mg·L^-1 phosphorus solution with a pH value of 13.5 at the applied pressure of 1 MPa.

关键词： Membrane Nanofiltration Phosphorus removal pH Stability Humic acid