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Leaching of lanthanide and yttrium from a Central Appalachian coal and the ashes obtained at 550-950℃

Journal of Rare Earths 2022年第5期40卷 807-814,I0005页

作者： Ronghong Lin yee soong Bret H.Howard Murphy J.Keller Elliot A.Roth Ping Wang Evan J.Granite U.S.Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory626 Cochrans Mill RoadP.O.Box 10940PittsburghPA15236United States Keylogic Systems.Pittsburgh PA15236United States

In this work,we investigated leaching of lanthanide and yttrium(REY) from a Central Appalachian coal and its ashes obtained at 550-950℃ with the main purpose of understanding the impact of ashing temperature on REY leachability in water,ammonium sulfate,and hydrochloric *** is found that the coal contains a negligible amount of water-soluble REY,less than 1% ion-exchangeable REY,and about 28% of HCl-soluble *** leads to dramatic changes in REY leachability in both ammonium sulfate and hydrochloric acid solutions,which is believed to be related to transformation and redistribution of organically-associated REY in coal during the ashing *** temperature significantly affects REY leaching from coal ashes;higher ashing temperature results in lower REY leachability in both *** minerals may play a significant role in changing the leachability of REY after *** addition,the results also suggest that the organic matter in the coal is relatively enriched in heavy REY.

关键词： Acid leaching Cation exchange Coal Coal ash Rare earth elements Yttrium

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Coal-gas interaction： implications of changes in texture and porosity

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2016年第1期3卷 10-19页

作者： Vyacheslav N. Romanov Lauren C. Graeser Sinisha A. Jikich yee soong Gino A. Irdi U. S. Department of Energy National Energy TechnologyLaboratory P. O. Box 10940 Pittsburgh 15236 USA

Transient sorption and desorption of helium and carbon dioxide in Upper Freeport coal powder and lumps were analyzed. Differences in texture and porosity between the powder and lumps may affect the transport and interaction of the penetrant and coal. In this work, we address macroscopic and mesoscopic structural differences between powdered and non-powdered coals that influence the rates of the gas transport kinetics and changes in coal texture （swelling, shrinkage, and changes in the pore structure and interconnectivity） and the reciprocal free-phase pressure decay （relaxation）. Com- parison of the multi-exponential relaxation time constants as a function of pressure, for CO2 and inert gas （helium）, allows us to postulate several mechanisms responsible for observed pressure decay patterns.

关键词： Coal Gas Porosity Structure Diffusion Sorption Swelling

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Impact of cytochrome P450 2D6 polymorphisms on decision-making and clinical outcomes in adjuvant hormonal therapy for breast cancer

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2022年第8期13卷 712-724页

作者： Ern-Yu Tan Lavina Bharwani yee-Hong Chia Richie C T soong Sherylyn S Y Lee Juliana J C Chen Patrick M Y Chan Department of General Surgery Tan Tock Seng HospitalSingapore 308433Singapore Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Singapore 308232Singapore Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology A*STARSingapore 138673Singapore Department of Medical Oncology Tan Tock Seng HospitalSingapore 308433Singapore Cancer Science Institute of Singapore National University of SingaporeSingapore 119077Singapore

BACKGROUND There are concerns that tamoxifen is less effective in Asian women because of the high prevalence of impaired function cytochrome P4502D6(CYP2D6)*** To evaluate how knowledge of CYP2D6 genotype impacted the choice of hormonal agent and how CYP2D6 genotype and agent were associated with clinical *** Eighty-two women were ***-eight completed CYP2D6 genotyping and were categorized into poor,intermediate(IM)and extensive or ultra metabolizer *** with poor metabolizer and IM phenotypes were recommended aromatase inhibitors as the preferred *** More than 70%of the women had an IM phenotype,32%an extensive or ultra metabolizer phenotype,and 0%had a poor metabolizer *** of genotype,more women opted for aromatase ***,80%of women completed 5 years of hormonal *** women developed recurrence,3 contralateral breast cancer,5 died,and 1 was diagnosed with a second primary ***-year recurrence-free and overall survival were slightly better in women with the extensive or ultra metabolizer phenotype compared to those with the IM phenotype,though not statistically significant[P=0.743,hazard ratio(HR):1.441,95%confidence interval(CI):0.191 to 10.17 and P=0.798,HR:1.327,95%CI:0.172 to 9.915,respectively].Women receiving aromatase inhibitors also appeared to have a better,but also nonsignificant,5-year recurrence-free and overall survival(P=0.253,HR:0.368,95%CI:0.031 to 0.258 and P=0.292,HR:0.252,95%CI:0.005 to 4.951,respectively).CONCLUSION The IM phenotype was highly prevalent but was not associated with clinical outcome.

关键词： Functional cytochrome P4502D6 polymorphisms Breast cancer Hormonal therapy

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